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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

From 1982 to 1986, 53 newborns (26 boys and 27 girls) were referred to the authors for the management of a congenital anomaly of the urinary tract, following a prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis. The postnatal diagnosis was hydronephrosis in 27 children (10/27 bilateral cases), unilateral multicystic dysplasia in 11, ureteral duplication in 6, primary megaureter or orthotopic ureterocele in 5 (1/5 bilateral case) and posterior urethral valves in 4. An early urinary tract infection was noticed in 5 cases only and 2 boys with urethral valves had an altered renal function at birth. Eight children with a mild lesion were not operated. A radical procedure was performed in 15 cases: excision of a multicystic kidney (10 cases) or heminephrectomy of an upper non-functioning pyelon (5 cases: 3 with heterotopic ureterocele and 2 with ectopic ureter). Thirty children were submitted to a corrective procedure: electrocoagulation of urethral valves (4 cases), ureteroneocystostomy (6 cases) or pyeloplasty (19 unilateral and 1 bilateral procedure). Except in a case of pyeloplasty the result of the reconstructive surgery was considered as good or satisfactory from a radiological point of view, with a mean follow-up of 1.5 year. The essential point of discussion is the evaluation of the factors which must be taken in account to plan an early reconstructive surgical treatment. The main factor, I.e. the natural history of these congenital anomalies remains at yet difficult to predict in a great number of cases.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Management of uropathies diagnosed prenatally. Discussion based on a series of 53 cases]. 344 25

A case of blind-ending bifid ureter in a 6-year-old girl is presented. Excretory urography revealed a right blind-ending ureter which was resected surgically. Besides this, she had megaureters on both sides, and uretero-vesiconeostomy was undertaken. Although urinary tract infection had continued for several months, she had no episode of fever after operation.
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PMID:[A case of blind-ending bifid ureter]. 344 53

Little information is available on the relationship between urinary infection in children and infants, with or without vesicoureteral reflux, and dilatation of the urinary tract. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of infection and reflux on the diameter of the ureter at excretory urography in children with acute, febrile urinary tract infections and in infants with bacteriuria found at screening. Standardized measurements of ureteral diameter were obtained for 79 children (2 months to 6 years old) with urinary tract infections and for 45 infants with bacteriuria. Patients with urinary tract obstruction or malformations were excluded. Seventy-one children with febrile urinary tract infection had ureteral visualization that allowed measurements. Ureteral diameter in this group was significantly wider than in a reference group, and 42 children (59%) had ureteral diameters that were more than 2 standard deviations above the normal mean. Ureteral diameter at excretory urography increased with increasing grades of reflux, but dilatation occurred also in the absence of reflux. Twenty-two of the 45 infants in the group with bacteriuria had sufficient ureteral visualization for measurements. The ureters in this group were wider than in the reference group, and eight infants had ureteral diameters that were more than 2 standard deviations above the normal mean. We conclude that ureteral dilatation is a common effect of acute urinary tract infection and bacteriuria in children.
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PMID:Ureteral dilatation in children with febrile urinary tract infection or bacteriuria. 349 73

The results and complications of 100 consecutive ureteroscopy studies are reported. Introduction through the orifice or the intramural ureter failed in 11 per cent of the patients and in 14 per cent the ureteroscope could not be advanced up to the level of the lesion. Ureteroscopy was successful in 75 per cent of the patients and stone extraction was successful in 69 per cent. Complications occurred in 9 patients: 4 had an uncomplicated urinary tract infection, 4 had a ureteral perforation and 1 presented with ureteral stenosis at the site of the extracted stone a few weeks later. At followup 1 to 3 months after ureteroscopy clinical examination, excretory urography and/or renography revealed no further late sequelae.
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PMID:Ureteroscopy: results and complications. 357 78

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the outcome of postoperative residual stones and their influence to the renal function. We followed up 65 patients (73 kidneys) with residual stones after conventional operation. The follow-up period was on an average 11 years and 9 months. 50 of 73 kidneys were infected before surgery. The most frequently cultured organisms was Proteus mirabilis. Urinary infection persisted in 34 of 50 kidneys after surgery. The residual stones smaller than 5 mm existed in 10 kidneys, of which 7 became sterile. The stones between 5 and 10 mm existed in 18 kidneys, of which 7 (38.9%) became sterile, but in 22 kidneys with stones larger than 10 mm, the infection was not eliminated but in 2 kidneys. Conversely, postoperative infection was never found in 23 kidneys being sterile before operation. Residual stones increased in size in 39 kidneys, did not change in 19 kidneys, diminished in 3 kidneys, fell to the ureter requiring surgery in 7 kidneys and the spontaneous passage of stones was observed in 4 kidneys. In comparing the stone increase group with that of stone stable, the former had a high frequency of stones larger than 5 mm, of postoperative urinary infection and of many stone forming factors. We studied the change of renal function only by IVP in 71 kidneys. Thirty-two kidneys with residual stones and infection showed moderate or severe deterioration of renal function in a large majority of cases. Conversely, in 24 of 34 kidneys without infection, the renal function was stable and only 6 kidneys showed moderate or severe deterioration of renal function.
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PMID:[Postoperative outcome of residual pyelocaliceal stones]. 358 41

Blind-ending bifid ureter in a girl with urinary tract infection, and a blind-ending duplicated ureter in her younger sister are described. The embryology of this rare anomaly is briefly reviewed.
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PMID:Familial occurrence of blind-ending bifid and duplicated ureters. 366 27

About 5% of our population suffers from urinary incontinence. Basically urinary incontinence is caused by two mechanisms: (1) loss of voluntary control of the urinary bladder due to detrusor hyperactivity or detrusorhyperreflexia, resulting in urge or reflex incontinence and (2) sphincter weakness or sphincter paralysis resulting in urinary stress incontinence. Less frequent are overflow incontinence and loss of urine due to ectopic ureter or a fistula. Therapy of urge incontinence is basically conservative: Causes for secondary detrusor hyperactivity must be eliminated. With idiopathic hyperactivity "bladder drill" with or without support of parasympathicolytic agents is the method of choice. Also in patients with less severe degrees of genuine urinary stress incontinence conservative therapy is helpful: pelvic floor exercises, performed in an accurate ("feel and move"), regular and persistent way, reduction of body weight in obese persons, regular bladder emptying and the elimination of "stress situations", e.g. chronic bronchitis due to nicotine abuses may improve the situation considerably. The treatment of neurogenic incontinence is rather complex and must be based on the underlying pathophysiology of detrusor and sphincter dysfunction, but also in these patients therapy is mainly conservative. Elderly people have double the incidence of urinary incontinence found in younger age groups. About 20% of those in old persons homes have been found to be incontinent. 80% of these elderly people suffer from urge incontinence as a result of bladder hyperactivity, in about 30% bladder hyperactivity is combined with residual urine and consequent urinary tract infection which makes bladder instability worse. Moreover physical immobility increases the problem of urgency.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Urinary incontinence--conservative therapy]. 368 33

The Politano-Leadbetter antireflux procedure is a standardized and safe method for the treatment of primary and secondary reflux persisting after successful therapy of infravesical obstruction. Indications for antireflux surgery depend on reflux classification, age, urethral calibration and evaluation of position and shape of the ureteral orifice, associated malformations and successful antimicrobial therapy. Reflux was cured in 90.4 per cent of 565 ureterorenal units in 361 children and 103 adults. A persisting reflux occurred in 5.1 per cent and a stenosis of the terminal ureter requiring reimplantation occurred in 0.7 per cent. The overall rate of reinterventions was 8.1 per cent. This low complication rate makes surgical correction advisable if urinary tract infection and primary reflux cannot be eradicated by continuous antimicrobial therapy.
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PMID:[Indications and results of Politano-Leadbetter antireflux-plasty in 565 cases of ureterorenal surgery]. 381 Oct 87

Four cases of congenital megacalycosis associated with ipsilateral segmental megaureter in children are presented. This association has not been emphasized, although review of the English and French literature revealed eight such cases. In all cases, the concurrent entities are unilateral, with a left-sided predominance and a male prevalence. The diagnosis of megacalycosis is presumed in four of the cases by normal function and prompt emptying of the calyceal systems on diuretic renography and/or urography. The presence of normal caliber renal pelvis interposed between the dilated collecting system and the distal dilated ureter without evidence of vesicoureteral reflux implies the coexistence of ipsilateral idiopathic megaureter. The patients usually present because of urinary tract infection and/or calculus formation, but respond well to conservative therapy.
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PMID:Association of congenital megacalycosis and ipsilateral segmental megaureter. 382 80

In a study of the dynamic function of the urinary tract in infravesically obstructed pigs with vesicoureteric reflux, 5 pigs with 6 refluxing ureters evidenced urinary tract infection after 8 and 10 weeks of obstruction. Examination showed that the median ureteric baseline activity had decreased to 0.0 A.P./min (action potentials/min). During bladder filling, no increase in activity was seen, although there was pressure equilibration between the bladder and the renal pelvis, when the reflux producing bladder pressure was reached. Only a few episodes of retrograde activity were recorded during the bladder filling. 46% of the ureteric contractions were incomplete and stopped in the mid-third of ureter. The study showed the severe, irreversible impairment of ureteric function when subjected to not only reflux and obstruction but also infection.
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PMID:Dynamics of the urinary tract in longterm vesico-ureteral reflux with infravesical obstruction and infection in pigs; V. 390 79


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