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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors have collected in 13 years, 15 cases of congenital aplasia of the abdominal wall. All of the patients had involvement of the urinary apparatus of varying degree of severity, megalo-ureter, megabladder and dilatation of the posterior urethra being the most constant lesions. Twelve patients with renal failure, benefited from reparatory surgery of the excretory pathway. Eleven patients had complete or incomplete retention: in 5 cases there was a urethral valve. In 6 cases the megalo-urethra was apparently idiopathic. In all of these cases, endoscopic treatment was carried out, constituted either of resection of valves, or internal urethro-sphincterotomy using a cutting electrode: 9 times, the result obtained was excellent. One patient was improved; in one case the result could not be assessed. For the authors, obstructive urethral pathology is a frequently unrecognized or badly understood fact. It is accessible to endoscopic treatment, which must precede or accompany correction of the ureteral abnormalities.
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PMID:[The urethra in congenital aplasia of the abdominal wall. Concerning 15 cases (author's transl)]. 13 88

Resistance to the calcemic action of parathyroid extract (PTE) was shown in thyroparathyroidectomized rats after 5 hr of renal failure that was induced by either bilateral nephrectomy (NPX) or ureter ligation (UL). Studies were carried out to investigate the relationship of parathyroid resistance to the vitamin D status of the animal. Concentrations of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (1,25(OH)2D3) and 24,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (24,25(OH)2D3) were similar in pooled sera samples from rats either UL or sham-operated and treated with PTE. Pretreatment with oral 25-hydroxycholecalciferol or with a combination of i.v. 24,25(OH)2D3 and 1,25(OH)2D3 prior to UL failed to alter the resistance. Resistance was also present in a group in vitamin-D-deficient rats. A similar group given 1 microgram of vitamin D2 showed more parathyroid resistance than did the group not given vitamin D2. In chronic renal failure of 28 day's duration, parathyroid resistance was again demonstrated, but, in contrast to the acute renal failure models, this was partly corrected by prior 1,25(OH)2D3 administration. These studies show that parathyroid resistance is not caused by an abnormality of vitamin D metabolism in the acute renal failure model, and we suggest that the phenomenon is due to the accumulation of one or more uremic factors.
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PMID:Resistance to parathyroid hormone in renal failure: role of vitamin D metabolites. 72 51

Emphasis is placed on the minor degree of caliectasis often observed in the presence of severe renal failure in patients with retroperitoneal fibrosis. This finding should suggest the diagnosis in individuals presenting with obscure causes of renal failure. A possible explanation for this is based upon an interference with ureteral dynamics and subsequent interference with normal ureteral peristatic activity rather than mechanical obstruction of the ureter per se. Twenty-one patients with retroperitoneal fibrosis are reported with the usual sex and age distribution (mostly male, aged 40-55 years). Two of the patients are interesting because of associated cardiac disease and 31 had been on prolonged methysergide therapy for migraine headaches. Eighteen patients appeared to be improved or cured and 3 died.
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PMID:Retroperitoneal fibrosis and inapparent obstructive uropathy. 83 73

The authors report 22 cases of uretero-ileo-plasty for uretero-hydronephrosis due to schistosomiasis. The indications for operation depend on the following criteria: the degree of dilatation which varies from simple atonia to very large hydronephrosis which one must not wait for, ureteral stenosis, vesico-ureteral reflux, the degree of renal failure assessed by studies of creatinine and urea clearance and the resistance to treatment. The operative technique which is not specific for bilharziasis includes uretero-ileo-plasty which is often bilateral, for even in asymmetrical cases, the least affected ureter is often of poor quality. There were failures in two cases due to irreversible renal failure, and in two cases, due to peritonitis. The late results of the other cases appear very favourable: increased vesical capacity, diminution of cystalgia, comfort and improved, general health, were the main factors. Stenosis of the anastomosis, vesico-ureteral reflux and urinary infection, acidosis, lithiasis are rare or not very severe.
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PMID:[Uretero-ileoplasty in bilharzian uretero-hydronephrosis]. 95 96

Pelvi-ureteric function was studied in pigs with experimental urinary tract obstruction, and again, 5 weeks after relief of the obstruction. Study parameters comprised EMG records taken from pelvis and ureter, measurements of intrapelvic pressure and urine flow, and some supplementary studies of renal function. Total obstruction of 5 and 6 weeks duration induced by cuffing the proximal ureter occasioned severe hydronephrosis and renal failure. Pelvic peristaltic activity was of low frequency, and abnormality was clearly more marked after the longer period of obstruction. There was, for example, some preservation of pelvi-ureteric synergism at 5 weeks, but at 6 weeks ureteric activity was wholly autonomous. Pelvic function was similarly isolated, and non productive. Inspection 5 weeks after reconstruction by pelvis resection and neo-anastomosis of the ureter showed continued absence of renal function and no restitution of normal peristaltic patterns. Partial obstruction, effected by implantation of the ureter in the psoas muscle, induced mild pelvic dilatation and impaired renal function, but there were only minor signs of disruption of normal anterograde pelvi-ureteric activity - irregularities, pauses in activity, and double activity complexes. When the ureter was freed functional patterns returned to normal. Both during obstruction and after relief, pelvic pressure increases during forced diuresis were the equivalent of or lower than the pre-determined norm. Cautery at the pelvi-ureteric junction destroyed the musculature and induced a progressive (fibrous stenosis. There was progressive dissociation of pelvi-ureteric activity, total when obstruction was total in which case ureteric activity was only autonomous, and partial when obstruction was partial in which case varying degrees of synergism and autonomous activity were seen. Successful reconstruction (pelvic resection and neo-anastomosis of the ureter) restored an apparent synergism in pelvi-ureteric function.
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PMID:Experimental hydronephrosis. An electrophysiologic investigation before and after release of obstruction. 107 50

Seven patients with renal failure secondary to bilateral ureteric obstruction by pelvic carcinoma underwent palliative urinary diversion. In 3 cases, an autostatic ureteric stent was inserted after endoscopic resection of the trigone invaded by the tumour in the presumed zone of the ureteric meatus, and retrograde catheterisation of the ureter. This method has very limited indications, but may improve the comfort of survival of certain patients.
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PMID:[Palliative diversion using an autostatic ureteral stent after endoscopic resection of the ureteral meatus in T4 pelvic tumors]. 170 63

A total of 29 patients received an ileal segment interposition between the upper and lower urinary tract for partial or total ureteral substitution, or for ileal wrapping around a massively dilated, aperistaltic ureter. Indications for an operation included the presence of an extensively diseased or short ureter and an aperistaltic megaureter that had failed previous reconstructive attempts. Nine patients (group 1) underwent an ileal sleeve procedure in an attempt to increase the ureteral peristaltic activity and facilitate drainage. Among these patients 7 (78%) had a stable upper tract radiologically and normal serum creatinine (less than 1.6 mg./100 ml.), while 2 (22%) had deterioration of the renal function. Ten patients (group 2) had undergone a myriad of reconstructions that failed and then underwent complete ureteral substitution with ileum. Among them, renal function (as evidenced by excretory urography and serum creatinine) is stable in 7 (70%) and deteriorated in 3 (30%). In 10 patients (group 3) the ureters were partially replaced by ileum in addition to a bladder augmentation procedure. Of these patients 8 (80%) have stable renal function and 2 (20%) had renal failure. Over-all, 7 patients have different degrees of renal failure; among them 2 (6.9%) are on dialysis and 2 (6.9%) have received a transplanted kidney. In groups 2 and 3 the results with an antireflux operation indicated that among 6 ureteroileal reimplantations 5 (83%) were successful, among 12 intravesical intestinal nipples 6 (50%) failed to prevent reflux and there was no case of obstruction, while among 4 ileocecal intussusceptions 2 (50%) were successful and 2 failed. Mucous secretion produced temporary ureteral obstruction in 1 ureter (3.4%), which resolved without surgical intervention. Some of the aforementioned procedures were done in the past and in some situations a different reconstructive technique would be considered presently. The surgical complexity and magnitude of the procedures justify their performance only in difficult clinical situations as an alternative to urinary diversion or renal autotransplantation.
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PMID:Ileal segment for ureteral substitution or for improvement of ureteral function. 185 21

In the authors department in the course of six years 38 percutaneous nephrostomis were performed. The most frequent indication was renal failure and infection of the urinary pathways in obstruction of the ureter. Puncture of the hollow renal system was performed in the majority of patients under ultrasonographic control from a posterolateral approach and dilatation of the nephrostomic canal under intermittent X-ray control. After dilatation into the renal pelvis a nephrostomic catheter was inserted. The success rate of the procedure was 95%. In two patients percutaneous nephrostomy failed and was repeated after a certain time interval.
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PMID:[Percutaneous nephrostomy in children]. 213 42

The authors report a case of a perianeurysmal retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) with oligoanuric renal failure. A complete assessment was performed with computed tomography. Bilateral ureteral catheterization restored normal renal function and allowed surgical treatment to be performed including an aorto-iliac replacement and a bilateral ureterolysis with intra-peritoneal diversion of the ureter. A review of the literature revealed 15 similar cases. Pathophysiology and treatment of the retroperitoneal peri-aneurysmal fibrosis are discussed.
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PMID:[Anuria associated with an aorto-iliac aneurysm. Apropos of a case]. 227 Sep 27

Three patients with isolated iliac artery aneurysm with ureteral obstruction and/or renal failure are presented. One patient had a stenotic lesion of the right ureter caused by direct compression of common and internal iliac artery aneurysms. Resection of the aneurysms and graft replacement were successfully performed. The other patients, who had hydroureteronephrosis and renal failure caused by entrapment of the ureters in perianeurysmal fibrosis, were treated surgically by ureterolysis, resection with graft replacement of the common iliac artery aneurysms, and endoaneurysmorraphy of the internal iliac artery aneurysms. One has had a good postoperative course, whereas the other died from a rare complication of rectosigmoid colon perforation caused by direct compression by the graft.
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PMID:Surgical treatment of isolated iliac artery aneurysm with ureteral obstruction and/or renal failure. 234 77


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