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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Superficially, the causes of voiding difficulties in children may seem quite simple, but a thorough understanding of the anatomy physiology and neurology of normal and abnormal lower urinary tract function is necessary in uncovering the etiology of often seemingly siple complaints. An ectopic ureter, neurogenic bladder, urinary tract obstruction, or simple urinary tract immaturity, for example, can all cause a child to present with the complaint of "wetting." A familiarity with all the possible causes of voiding dysfunction is required to distinguish significant from insignificant symptoms. While a "wait and see" attitude often results in the spontaneous resolution of a problem such as simple nocturnal enuresis, the misdiagnosis of a severe disorder, such as urinary outflow obstruction, may permit the insidious development of irreversible renal failure. Our purpose in writing this monograph was not to provide a comprehensive guide to the diagnosis of voiding dysfunction in children, but rather to enhance the clinician's appreciation of the complexity of these problems. Our hope is that the perspective that we have provided will obviate the diagnostic and therapeutic exaggeration of insignificant voiding complaints, while assuring that the presence of significant lesions is not overlooked.
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PMID:Voiding dysfunction in children. 741 33

The examination of 41 patients with a complete renal duplication and vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) into 57 ureters has shown a direct dependence of morphological immaturity of the parenchyma of the double kidney segment and functional insufficiency of the obturative apparatus of the ostium of the corresponding ureter on the degree of its dislocation corresponding to the normal localization on the inner surface of the urinary bladder. For patients with marked lateral position of the main ostium of the organ saving operations are senseless because of high degree of VUR and deep dysplasia of the renal tissue. In cases with moderate lateralization of the ureter ostium it is expedient to fulfil such antireflux interventions as Lich-Gregoir operations in a "single block" or the endoscopic correction of the ostium with a synthetic medical siloxan rubber or polyacrylamide gel "Interfall".
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PMID:[The surgical treatment of vesicoureteral reflux in kidney duplication in children]. 923 77

Obstructive megaureter (MU) and refluxing MU were treated in 2000-2004 in 580 and 711 children, respectively. This number was by 18.9% higher than in 1990-1994. Out of 1291 children with MU, two groups of patients were singled out: group 1 with primary obstructive MU (n = 158) and group 2 with primary refluxing MU (n = 185). In patients of groups 1 and 2 the following operations were made: ureteral reimplantation (n = 126), Koen's operation (n = 104), Politano-Leadbetter operation (n = 12), Lich-Greguaru operation (n = 8), nephrureterectomy (n = 32), heminephrureterectomy (n = 27), transurethral dissection of ureterocele (n = 8), other in 26 patients. A great number of primary nephrureterectomies evidence for frequent morphofunctional immaturity of one of the kidneys in children with primary MU forms. The 1.5-6 year follow-up results were good in 85.4% children of group 1 and 94.1% children of group 2. In planning follow-up and assessing long-term follow-up results morphofunctional state of the kidney and ureter before and after operation must be considered according to the following main criteria: dilation of the caliceal-pelvic system and ureter, renal function, pyelonephritis activity, the presence or absence of recurrent stricture of the distal ureteric segment or the presence of vesicoureteral reflux.
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PMID:[Optimization of diagnostic and therapeutic tactics for primary megaureter in children]. 1772 24

Facticious accumulation of the radiopharmaceutical in the urinary draining system as shown by routine renal tests, like technetium- 99m-diethylenetriamine pentacetic acid, technetium-99m-mercaptylacetyltriglycine or technetium-99m-glucoheptonate renograms can be re-evaluated by administering a diuretic, like furosemide (FS) and obtaining post FS dynamic and static images. Urinary tract obstruction can thus be identified. Partial urinary tract obstruction, the effectiveness of stenting, the effectiveness of obstruction correcting surgery and retroperitoneal lymph nodes, may be diagnosed after FS induced diuresis. However, factors like loss of the compliance of the renal pelvis or the ureter, low renal function, renal immaturity in neonates and full or neurogenic bladder limit the diagnostic effectiveness of FS. Diuretic enhanced Doppler sonography and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging can also be used for the evaluation of partial or complete urinary tract obstruction. The FS induced diuresis procedure is compared to other related diagnostic techniques.
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PMID:Furosemide for the diagnosis of complete or partial ureteropelvic junction obstruction. 2041 Nov 63

Uterus transplantation is an experimental treatment method with an ambition to become accepted treatment modality for women with absolute uterine factor infertility. The only legal alternative for these women to get parenthood is adoption which is accepted by most world societies and countries. Surrogate pregnancy is connected with many medical, ethical, legal, religious and social controversies in the great part of the world.Donors (in living donation), recipients, partners and also unborn children must be incorporated into the analysis of ethical risks and benefits of uterus transplantation. The main ethical risks for the recipient are surgery, immunosuppression, pregnancy and delivery. All the potential recipients have to be advised about further ethical issues like organ rejection, infection, side effects of the drugs, unsatisfactory fertilization and different complications during pregnancy.Uterus procurement in donor takes longer time than in standard hysterectomy due to preparation of uterine arteries and veins. Vessels with 2 mm diameter and their anatomical collision with ureter are connected with higher peroperative risk of uneventful surgical complications. Ethical issues might be connected with the uterus procurement in dead brain donors identically.The deliveries after uterus transplantation are fruitful but the risk of preterm delivery and immaturity of the newborns cannot be underestimated as well.
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PMID:[Ethical aspects of uterus transplantation]. 2826 80