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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Of 37 adult patients with ureteroceles, 13 also had calculous disease (35 per cent). Of these 13 cases 7 had single ureters and 6 had duplicated ones. None had a metabolic or urinary abnormality such as hypercalcemia, gout, hypercalciuria or hyperuricuria. Two of the patients were a mother and daugher--the first reported familial incidence of ureterocele with calculous disease. A surgical technique is described for removal of the calculus, excision of the ureterocele and reimplantation of the ureter. The procedure was used in 4 of the 7 patients with single ureters, while the stone passed spontaneously in 2 patients and was treated by ureterolithotomy in 1. A modification of the technique was used in 2 of the 6 patients with duplicated ureters but other surgical procedures were used in the remaining 4. Of 10 stones that were analyzed 2 were struvite and none contained cystine or uric acid. Long-term followup is a requisite to assure control of this clinical entity.
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PMID:Management of urinary calculous disease in patients with ureterocele. 83 Sep 66

The incidence and prevalence of urolithiasis in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic is as high as in other countries of Central and Western Europe, and lower than in the Scandinavian countries. Apart from its high incidence, urolithiasis is characterized by its high tendency to recurrence. New knowledge of its pathogenesis helps to diagnose metabolic disorders responsible for increased excretion of concretion-producing substances and/or for deficiency in protective factors. In case of calcium oxalate lithiasis, with the highest incidence, attention is to be paid to its various forms of hypercalciuria, and, more recently, to moderate hyperoxaluria, and as regards protective factors, to magnesium, citrates, pyrophosphates and mucopolysaccharides. The determination of the type of metabolical disorder in patients with lithiasis enables to modify the diet and/or medication leading to causal prophylaxis against recurrence, i.e. metaphylaxis. At our Prague urological clinic, a consultation centre for lithiatic patients has been in operation since 1977. Long-term experience has shown that it has been successful especially in preventing recurrence or a in a substantial reduction in recurrence in 94% of the followed-up patients. Although the centre's activity is demanding both on the personnel and laboratory, even first sufferers from ilthiatic attacks should take advantage of it. At this early stage, such patients were found to have a metabolic disorders in 60%. In the past 7 years of treating nephrolithiasis and ureterolithiasis, new methods have been introduced which substantially improve the results and are less invasive than a classical operation. Among others, they comprise percutaneous endoscopic methods of disintegration and concrement extraction from the kidney and ureter, uteroscopy and extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy. It is to be expected that these methods will replace classical operations at a rate of 90%.
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PMID:[Urolithiasis. Review of present knowledge of epidemiology, pathogenesis, metaphylaxis and treatment]. 266 71

Combination of 1 alpha(OH) D3(vit D) and ethylene glycol induced renal or ureteral stones or both consisting of calcium oxalate in male Wistar rats. This study investigates the effect of EHDP on calcium oxalate stone using the rat model. EHDP reduced the frequency of renal stone and calcium content in the kidney, and reduced the size of the stones in the renal pelvis and ureter. EHDP biochemically ameliorated renal injury induced by vit D and ethylene glycol. EHDP suppressed urinary excretion of calcium even though serum calcium slightly increased. EHDP had a phosphaturic action. EHDP elevated urinary excretion of magnesium. However, the severity of hypermagnesuria decreased in the rat which was not given EHDP concomitantly. Although EHDP slightly elevated urinary excretion of oxalate in the control rat, it did not affect the high level of urinary oxalate in the vit D/ethylene glycol rat. EHDP did not produce any histological change in the kidney or femoral bone. These data indicate that EHDP can suppress renal stone formation in the vit D/ethylene glycol rat. It is speculated that firstly, EHDP may physicochemically inhibit stone formation in the process of nidus, aggregation and crystal growth of calcium oxalate, under the supersaturated condition of calcium oxalate in the urine, and secondly, EHDP may endocrinologically inhibit production of 1,25 (OH)2 vit D in the kidney or inhibit 1, 25 (OH)2 vit D-mediated intestinal calcium absorption. It is suggested that in order to prevent stone recurrence, EHDP may be clinically applied not only to calcium phosphate stones but also to calcium oxalate stones and hypercalciuria mediated by an active form of vitamin D.
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PMID:[Effect of etidronate disodium (EHDP) on calcium oxalate renal stones induced by synthetic 1 alpha(OH) vitamin D3 and ethylene glycol in rats]. 393 44

Sixty-eight children (ages ranging from 5 months to 16 years) with urolithiasis were treated between 1966 and 1979. There were 36 females (53%) and 32 males (47%). Sixteen children (24%) had associated urinary tract infection; 4 out of these (6%) presented with urinary tract malformation. Fifty-five calculi (89%) were found in the upper urinary tract (kidney and ureter); 24 of the chemically studied calculi (80%) were made of calcium salts. In 30 children, metabolic investigations were carried out, leading to the discovery of hypercalciuria in 17 (57%). In one patient, important vesico-ureteral reflux associated with urolithiasis led to renal failure.
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PMID:[Urolithiasis in Isreali children (author's transl)]. 723 27

The prevalence of kidney stones has steadily risen during this century; passage of a calculus and a positive family history increase the probability of recurrence. Findings from recent studies on the cause of renal calculi have stressed crystallization and crystal aggregation of stone minerals from supersaturated urine, rather than excessive organic matrix. Absence of normal urine inhibitors of calcium salts is also stressed. Formation of calcium oxalate stones is the major problem. Therapy with decreased calcium and oxalate intake, thiazides, phosphate salts and allopurinol in various combinations has substantially decreased the prevalence of recurrent stones. The rationale for the use of allopurinol is that uric acid salts enhance the tendency for calcium oxalate to crystallize from supersaturated urine. The hypercalciuria seen in 30 percent to 40 percent of patients with oxalate stones is usually caused by intestinal hyperabsorption of calcium. Although patients with uric acid calculi constitute only a small fraction of those in whom stones form, they represent a group in whom good medical therapy, based on sound physiologic principles, has proved extremely successful. Renal tubular syndromes lead to nephrocalcinosis and lithiasis through hypercalciuria, alkaline urine and hypocitraturia, the latter an inhibitor of calcium salt precipitation. Recent advances in surgical techniques are discussed, including the rationale for removing staghorn calculi. The ileal ureter and coagulum pyelolithotomy deserve special emphasis.
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PMID:Kidney stones. 738 35

We present a case of urinary stone originated in the upper urinary tract and impacted within the ureteroileal anastomosis, in a patient with ileal conduit urinary diversion. Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) showed itself resolutive. Patients with urinary diversion have multiple risk factor for calculi formation (acidosis with concomitant hypercalciuria, upper urinary tract infections with urease producing bacteria, urostasis due to ureterointestinal anastomosis or ureteral narrowing), as well as predisposing conditions for stones to impact along the ureter or within the ureterointestinal anastomosis. Follow-up of these patients has to be very careful in order to avoid obliterative pyeloureteritis, the major complication of stone disease in patients with urinary conduit diversion.
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PMID:[ESWL for urolithiasis in a patient with transileal ureterocutaneostomy]. 918 11

A retrospective review was performed of the records of 148 Croatian children with urolithiasis treated between 1989 and 2003. The study evaluated age, gender, family history, clinical symptoms, location of stone, laboratory findings, stone composition, mode of treatment and compared our results with data from higher and lower socio-economic countries. The mean age of our patients was 9.38 years (10 months to 18 years). Thirty-seven children (25%) were less than 5 years (group 1), 44 (29.7%) were between 5 and 10 years (group 2) and 67 (45.3%) were older than 10 years of age (group 3). There were 60 girls and 88 boys with overall male to female ratio of 1.47. Abdominal pain (83%) and haematuria (59.5%) were the main symptoms in the groups 2 and 3. Urinary tract infection was predominant symptom in the group 1 (62.1%). Calculi were located in the kidney in 90 children (60.8%), in the ureter in 39 (26.4%), in the bladder in 8 (5.4%). Urinary tract anomalies with or without infection were associate with a greater frequency of urolithiasis in the youngest age group and hypercalciuria was predominant cause in children over 5. Stone analysis was performed in 80 children. Predominant constituent of stones was calcium oxalate (48.7%), followed by struvite (25%), calcium phosphate (13.7%), cystine (10%) and uric acid (1.2%). Calcium oxalate stones were most common in all age groups. Struvite stones were most prevalent in the children younger than 5 years of age. Most patients (33.1%) underwent surgery for removal of their calculi. In 31.8% of children stones were passed spontaneously and the highest spontaneous passage rate was in the group 3 (37.3%). Stone composition, location and etiology in Croatian children are similar to those in developed Western countries.
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PMID:Pediatric urolithiasis in Croatia. 1474 67

Idiopathic hypercalciuria (IH) has been speculated to have a predisposing role in the development of urinary tract infection (UTI), due to the uroepithelial cell damage it leads to. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of hypercalciuria on the bladder, ureters, and kidneys in rats with experimentally induced hypercalciuria.Normocalcemic hypercalciuria was induced by furosemide (60 mg/100 mL of drinking water) administration to 16-week-old male Wistar Albino rats for 14 days. Calciuria (calcium/creatinine ratio, mg/mg, Ca/Cr) increased from 0.07+/-0.01 at the beginning of administration to 0.41+/-0.1 on day 14 (p=0.000). The Ca/Cr ratio was 0.14+/-0.06 at the beginning of the study and 0.25+/-0.06 on day 14 in the control group rats (p=0.002 vs. the hypercalciuric group rats on day 14). Bladder, ureter, and kidney specimens of the rats, dissected on the 14th day, were fixed in 10% formalin and 2.5% gluteraldehyde solutions for light and electron microscopic examination, respectively. Histopathological and ultrastructural examination of the hypercalciuric rats revealed proliferation and apical cytoplasmic vacuole formation in transitional epithelial cells, mitotic activity in the intermediate cell line, vasodilatation, edema, and separation of collagen fibers in the bladder and ureter specimens. Light microscopic examination of the kidney specimens revealed a lot of erythrocyte in the glomerular capillary lumen, while electron microscopy revealed vacuolization of proximal and distal tubules, tubular degeneration, interstitial edema, and vasodilatation.In this study, hypercalciuria was observed to have adverse effects on the cell architecture of the uroepithelium and disruption of the epithelial barrier of the bladder and ureters and all kidney structures, especially on the proximal epithelial cells.
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PMID:Evaluation of histologic changes in the urinary tract of hypercalciuric rats. 1692 50

An eight-month-old boy who presented with a 15-day history of vomiting was revealed to be suffering from urinary tract infection and nephrocalcinosis caused by vitamin D intoxication. During the treatment of vitamin D intoxication (alendronate, 5 mg/day), he developed urinary tract infection and septic arthritis of the left hip joint. Escherchia coli was isolated from his blood, urine, and joint fluid culture. He was operated, joint drainage was performed and appropriate intravenous antibiotic treatment was given for four weeks. After discharge, a voiding cystoureterogram revealed grade 4 vesicoureteral reflux in the right ureter. Combination of complex urinary anomalies associated with stagnation of urine flow and altered urinary dynamics, and metabolic urinary anomalies, such as hypercalciuria/nephrocalcinosis, may facilitate the occurrence of rare systemic complications of urinary tract infection.
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PMID:Concurrent septic arthritis and urinary tract infection in a patient with nephrocalcinosis and vesicoureteral reflux. 1717 78

Phytotherapy with prolit was given to 95 patients with ureteroliths (size of the concrrements 0.4-0.6 cm). A 40-day treatment resulted in elimination of the concrements from the ureter in 89 (93.7%) patients. Prolit had a positive action on metabolism in urolithiasis patients: lowered hypercalciuria, uric acid in the blood, oxalates and uric acid in urine. This is important for prevention of recurrent lithogenesis which for 3 years after the treatment occurred only in 4 (4.2%) patients.
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PMID:[Phytotherapy in the treatment of ureteral calculi]. 1967 Aug 8


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