Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A total of 481 cases of retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) presented in the literature have been reviewed. Ten additional cases from this hospital have been added. One etiological factor, methysergide, has been implicated in 12.4 percent of cases, but the majority remain unexplained. Characteristically, the patient will be male (2:1 ratio), in his 50's (30.9 percent), with vague lower back pain (34.2 percent) or possibly flank pain (34.0 percent). Physical examination usually will be unrevealing. The patient's serum chemistry probably will show some degree of azotemia (55.4 percent) and perhaps anemia (13.6 percent). The intravenous pyelogram characteristically shows bilateral hydroureteronephrosis (67.6 percent) or unilateral hydroureteronephrosis (20.3 percent) associated with medial deviation of the ureter due apparently to external compression of the ureter. Methysergide should be discontinued if implicated. Laparotomy for ureteral compression characteristically will reveal a dense, rubbery plaque in the retroperitoneum. Generous frozen section biopsies show fibrosis, usually with some chronic inflammation, suggestive of RPF. Careful inspection of retroperitoneal nodes and liver may reveal the presence of malignancy in 7.9 percent of patients. In the absence of malignancy, the ureters should lyse fairly freely and peristasis may return. If no malignancy is present on permanent sections of biopsy material, the patient can be given a fairly optimistic prognosis (cumulative mortality rate, 9 percent). Suboptimal improvement probably is an indication for steroid therapy and surgical re-exploration may become indicated. In these cases further search for malignancy should be undertaken.
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PMID:The clinical significance of retroperitoneal fibrosis. 84 63

Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis leading to obstructive uropathy is a rare disease in our country, so a typical case deserves presentation. The patient is a 56-year-old female to have a clinical manifestation of obstructive uropathy. Retrograde pyelogram permitted 5 Fr. ureteral catheter to pass the stenotic segment. At the mean-time, there was hydronephrosis, medial deviation and gradual thinning and pointing of the middle segment of the ureter (classic triad). Computed tomography revealed that retroperitoneal soft tissue plaque enveloped aorta, inferior vena cava, and bilateral ureters. The patient received ureterolysis with ureter intraperitonealization and lateralization. The plaque was pathologically proved fibrosis. Renal function became normal postoperatively.
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PMID:[Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis causing obstructive uropathy: a case report]. 165 31

Catheters containing miniature ultrasound (US) transducers, originally developed for intravascular evaluation of plaque, were used in a series of in vivo and in vitro animal experiments to image a variety of nonvascular lumina. Measurements of the wall thickness and echotexture of the urethra, urinary bladder, ureter, renal pelvis, bile ducts, small bowel, fallopian tubes, and uterus were carried out. Close correlation between the US images and actual anatomic specimens was obtained. Structures outside of the lumen were identified and confirmed with both direct visualization and radiographic localization. Two small stones artificially inserted into the renal pelvis and a polyp-like projection artificially created within the fallopian tube were clearly identified by using the US probe. These initial US studies demonstrate the potential feasibility of these miniature transducers contained within catheters for intraluminal analysis in humans.
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PMID:Endoluminal US: experiments with nonvascular uses in animals. 217 92

Investigations of experimental schistosomiasis haematobia have suffered for want of satisfactory mammals in which schistosome infections would establish host-parasite situations more or less comparable with those seen in man. As a consequence, mammals representing different major groups have been exposed to infection by Schistosoma haematobium (Iran strain) to determine their potential use as models for more detailed investigations. In preliminary studies, 8 American opossums (Didelphis marsupialis) were exposed to 1000 or 2000 cercariae. Macroscopic involvement of the urogenital tract was noted in 3 animals, one of which had a 1-cm fibrous plaque in the bladder. In another animal, multiple transitional cell papillomas were present in the bladder and in one ureter.
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PMID:Schistosoma haematobium infection in the opossum (Didelphis marsupialis): involvement of the urogenital system. 531 50

Eighteen patients who received surgical treatment for histologically proven idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis were reviewed retrospectively. In 6 patients, obstruction of one ureter recurred. In 3, histological evidence of invasion of the wall of the ureters by the fibrous plaque was found.
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PMID:Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis a long-term review after surgical treatment. 715 Sep 14

Although a filling defect within the ureter is the most common finding with ureteral transitional cell carcinomas (TCCs), little is known about the correlation between filling defect patterns and pathologic findings. This study was conducted to address this. Between January 1995 and January 2003, 126 pathologically confirmed TCCs of the ureter were included in our study. We classified urographic filling defects into four patterns: ovoid, polypoid, infiltrating, and plaque-like. The correlation between different filling defect patterns and pathologic findings was assessed using Pearson's Chi-squared and logistic regression methods. There were 28 (22%) ovoid filling defects, 42 (33%) polypoid filling defects, 37 (29%) infiltrating filling defects, and 19 (15%) plaque-like filling defects. Infiltrating and plaque-like filling defects were significantly associated with more advanced disease compared to ovoid and polypoid filling defects (odds ratio, 6.75; 95% confidence interval, 3.04-14.98; p < 0.0001). Our results suggest that filling defect presentations may signify different invasive behavior among TCCs. The distribution of ovoid, polypoid, infiltrating, and plaque-like filling defect patterns is significantly different between superficial and advanced ureteral TCCs. We suggest that classifying the filling defect patterns of ureteral TCCs may provide important preoperative information for planning treatment and predicting outcome.
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PMID:Correlation between filling defect patterns on urography and pathologic staging of ureteral transitional cell carcinomas. 1460 19

Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis (IRF) is an uncommon entity described as progressive proliferation of connective tissues leading to a fibrous plaque-like lesions that encases the aorta and inferior vena cava inferior to the level of the renal arteries. Mass forming retroperitoneal fibrosis is rare. We present a rare case of a unilateral focal retroperitoneal mass simulating a tumour encasing the middle third of the left ureter, with involvement of the ipsilateral scrotum.
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PMID:Unusual presentation of idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis: case report. 1881 36

Ureteral injury remains a major clinical problem; here we developed a biodegradable ureteral stent and compared its effectiveness with a double-J stent for treating ureteral injury. Eighteen dogs with injured ureters were subdivided into two groups. In group A, one injured ureter was treated with a biodegradable stent, whereas only end-to-end anastomosis was performed on the other side. In group B, one injured ureter was treated with a biodegradable stent, while a double-J stent was used on the other side. Intravenous urography, radioactive renography, histological examinations, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and elemental composition analysis were performed at 40, 80 and 120 days postoperatively. Results showed that the biodegradable stent could effectively prevent hydronephrosis and hydroureter secondary to ureteral injury. Moreover all biodegradable stents gradually degraded and discharged completely in 120 days. SEM and elemental composition analysis of the surface of the double-J stent confirmed calcification at 80 days and calcific plaque at 120 days, while no signs of calcification were found in the biodegradable stent group. Histological studies found no difference between the biodegradable stented ureters and double-J stented ureters. It is concluded that the biodegradable ureteral stent was more advantageous than the double-J stent for treating ureteral injury in a canine model.
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PMID:Comparison of a biodegradable ureteral stent versus the traditional double-J stent for the treatment of ureteral injury: an experimental study. 2304 90

We report 13 cases of unique polypoid urothelial tumors with inverted growth pattern (PUTIPs) occurring in the proximal ureter and renal pelvis. We describe their morphologic features and further characterize them in regard to TERT promoter mutation status and microsatellite instability. Thirteen cases were identified in our consult archives from 1994 to present. Patients ranged in age from 52 to 83 years at the time of diagnosis (mean, 68.4 years). Grossly, lesions were described variously as pink-tan to white exophytic and friable lesions that were polypoid or pedunculated, located in the renal pelvis or proximal ureter. The masses ranged in size from 0.5 to 3.2 cm (mean, 1.6 cm). PUTIP is a polypoid, plaque-like lesion with features of the following: (1) inverted papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential, lacking an exophytic papillary component; (2) florid von Brunn nest proliferation within and radiating outward from the polypoid lesion; and (3) in some cases, an inverted papilloma with densely hyalinized collagenous stroma. All 4 PUTIPs with formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded material available were positive for the TERT promoter mutation 228G>A by polymerase chain reaction and were microsatellite stable. Given that PUTIP clinically forms a tumor and is typically treated by nephroureterectomy, it is best regarded as a unique benign urothelial neoplasm that exclusively occurs in the renal pelvis/proximal ureter.
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PMID:Polypoid urothelial tumor with inverted growth pattern in the renal pelvis: morphologic and molecular characteristics of a unique diagnostic entity. 2757 10