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Query: UMLS:C0403608 (ureter)
 9,655 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Combination chemotherapy with methotrexate, vinblastine, adriamycin and cisplatin (M-VAC regimen) was administered to 12 patients with advanced epithelial cancer of the urinary tract in a clinical trial undertaken to assess clinical efficacy of this multiagent therapy. This series comprised 11 males and 1 female ranging in age from 46 to 76 years (mean age: 63), with performance status (PS) being rated 0 in 2, 1 in 5, 2 in 2, 3 in 2 and 4 in 1 of these 12 patients. The site of primary lesion was bladder in 8, renal pelvis in 3 and ureter in 1. Histologically, these tumors were all identified as transitional cell carcinoma (grade 3) with the exception of 1 mixed type (transitional cell carcinoma plus squamous carcinoma). Nine of the patients had already their primary tumor resected surgically while the remaining 3 had undergone only biopsy. The site of metastasis was lung in 7, bone in 4 and lymph nodes in 3. In consideration of the patients' general condition, the dosages of the chemotherapeutic agents were set at 80% of those recommended by Sternberg. Of the 9 patients with primary tumor resected, 1 died of chemotherapy; of the remaining 9 patients, the M-VAC regimen brought about CR in 1 and PR in 4, hence with a response rate of 62.5%. The 4 patients showing PR underwent surgical resection of residual tumor and 2 of them achieved CR and have been free of a recurrence during a 33- or 29-month period of the chemotherapeutic regimen.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of M-VAC chemotherapy (methotrexate, vinblastine, adriamycin and cisplatin) for advanced urothelial cancer]. 265 69

This is a retrospective review of 45 patients suspected of having transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract who underwent fluoroscopically guided retrograde brush biopsy at our institution during a recent 3-year period. All patients evaluated had an abnormal IV urogram or retrograde pyelogram in which the diagnosis of transitional cell carcinoma of the kidney or ureter was suspected or could not be excluded. The results of the brush biopsy were compared with the final diagnosis established at surgery or through clinical and surgical follow-up. Results of the biopsies were classified into five categories: (I) normal transitional epithelium (16 patients), (II) atypical cells (eight patients), (III) dysplastic cells (two patients), (IV) suspicious for malignancy (four patients), and (V) conclusive evidence of malignancy (eight patients). In four additional patients, other miscellaneous diagnoses were made, and in three others the procedure was nondiagnostic. Brush biopsies interpreted as Categories III, IV, and V had a positive predictive value of 100% (14/14) for the diagnosis of transitional cell carcinoma, and biopsies showing atypical cells (Category II) had a positive predictive value of 75% (6/8). Tabulating all diagnostic categories except for normal as a positive diagnosis, the procedure had a sensitivity of 91%, a specificity of 88%, and an accuracy of 89%. No significant complications were encountered. This experience suggests that brush biopsy is a valuable technique in patients suspected of having transitional cell carcinoma.
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PMID:Fluoroscopically guided retrograde brush biopsy in the diagnosis of transitional cell carcinoma of the upper urinary tract: results in 45 patients. 266 51

Seventeen patients with advanced renal pelvic and ureteral carcinoma receiving M-VAC chemotherapy were evaluated. There were 10 men and 7 women ranging in age from forty-two to seventy-eight years with a mean of sixty-six years. The primary sites of carcinoma were renal pelvis in 4 patients, ureter in 12, renal pelvis and ureter in 1. Fifteen patients had transitional cell carcinoma, one patient had transitional cell carcinoma mixed with squamous cell carcinoma and the histology of one patient was not identified. The median number of treatment cycles was 2.6, ranging from 1 to 6. Significant remissions following the treatment were observed in 5 of 8 primary lesions, 6 of 11 lymph nodes, 2 of 3 lung lesions and 2 of 5 bone lesions, respectively. However, the responses were not seen in 4 liver lesions. Two patients achieved a complete response (CR), 7 had a partial response (PR), 6 had stabilization of their disease, 2 had progressed, and the overall response rate was 52.9%. Two CR patients remain free of disease. Relapse or recurrence was seen in 4 of the 7 patients who achieved PR, and the median duration of response was 6.4 months. While the myelosuppression with this regimen was tolerable, the decreases of white blood cell and platelets count were significant in patients who had undergone prior irradiation. These results indicate that the M-VAC regimen is effective in patients with advanced upper urothelial malignancy. Further, a short response and a poor effectiveness in the metastases of liver and bone remain to be overcome.
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PMID:[M-VAC (methotrexate, vinblastine, adriamycin and cisplatin) chemotherapy in advanced renal pelvic and ureteral carcinoma]. 267 46

A 67-year-old man was found to have a metastatic tumor of left adrenal gland originating from the left renal pelvic and ureteral cancer. Histopathological findings of the renal pelvic and ureteral cancer indicated transitional cell carcinoma, which was the diagnosis for the adrenal tumor. Diagnosis of cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter with metastasis to the adrenal gland before operation is very rare. A review of the literature on the metastasis from cancer of renal pelvis and ureter was made.
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PMID:[Metastasis of cancer of the renal pelvis and ureter to the adrenal gland]. 268 63

Unsuspected malignant disease was discovered by frozen-section examination of the ureteral margins in 8 of 403 patients (2%) undergoing cystectomy for treatment of bladder cancer. Once malignant disease was demonstrated, a short segment of the proximal ureter was resected in 6 patients; in 5 instances dysplastic changes remained at the second margin, which was anastomosed to the bowel. No clinically recognized tumor developed at this site in any of the 8 patients. In an additional 26 instances (19 patients), dysplastic changes were known to be present in the ureteral margin at the time of ureteroenteric anastomoses. Again, no recognizable tumor has developed at the anastomotic site after a median follow-up of six years. We conclude that frozen-section examinations of the ureteral margins prior to constructing the ureteroenteric anastomosis are not indicated for the patient undergoing routine cystectomy for bladder cancer, but should be reserved for patients who are at increased risk for carcinoma in situ (those with multifocal bladder carcinoma in situ or transitional cell carcinoma of the prostatic ducts).
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PMID:Are frozen-section examinations of ureteral margins required for all patients undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer? 272 45

We report here a very rare case of metastatic brain tumor originating from ureteral cancer which was verified at autopsy. An 88-year-old elderly woman was admitted to our department because of recurrent convulsions which started in March, 1987. Following this episode, right hemiparesis and speech disturbance appeared on June 6, 1987. Neurological examinations at admission on August 12, 1987 showed slightly disturbed consciousness, motor dominant aphasia, and dysphasia. Enhanced CT scan demonstrated a large tumor in the left frontal lobe with perifocal edema, and a small mass in the right frontal lobe (Fig. 1). Left carotid angiogram showed downward displacement of the middle cerebral artery complex at the Sylvian portion. After admission, she developed marked distention of the abdomen, with occurrence of hematuria followed by aggravation of respiration and consciousness. She died on September 2, 1987. Removal of metastatic brain tumor had not been performed due to the poor general condition of the patient. An autopsy was permitted. A coronal section of the cerebrum clearly demonstrated a large tumor in the left frontal lobe with small mass in the right frontal lobe (Fig. 2). Kidney and the ureter at the right side showed hydronephrosis and hydroureter because of the presence of ipsilateral ureteral tumor at the distal end (Fig. 3). Microscopical findings verified that the metastatic brain tumor was a transitional cell carcinoma, which was, histologically, completely the same as the ureteral tumor (Fig. 4, 5). No case of metastatic brain tumor originating from ureteral cancer has yet been reported, as far as the authors know.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A very rare autopsy case of metastatic brain tumor originating from ureteral cancer]. 279 76

A prospective study comprised operative specimens from 11 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis or ureter. DNA analysis of the primary tumor and of multiple biopsy specimens from preselected sites of the surrounding urothelium was performed with flow cytometry. All Grade 3 tumors and 50% of the Grade 2 tumors were aneuploid, and the remainder were Grade 2 and diploid. All invasive tumors were aneuploid. Carcinoma in situ was found in some of the preselected biopsy specimens, all of which were aneuploid, from two patients. Close correlation thus was observed between aneuploidy and tumor invasiveness, whereas diploidy was seen only in noninvasive tumors with lower malignancy grade. Aneuploidy was also associated with increased risk of carcinoma in situ. The study indicated that DNA analysis may be useful for defining the malignant potential of urothelial tumors of the upper urinary tract more fully than conventional grading and staging permit.
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PMID:Flow DNA analysis in the characterization of carcinoma of the renal pelvis and ureter. 280 3

Retrocaval or circumcaval ureter is itself a rarity. Less than 200 cases have been reported in the literature. Transitional cell carcinoma associated with a retrocaval ureter has not been reported so far.
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PMID:Transitional cell carcinoma associated with retrocaval ureter. 280 13

A 63-year-old man complained of hunger epigastralgia. X-ray and endoscopic examination demonstrated Borrmann II type gastric carcinoma. Radical gastrectomy was performed on October 20, 1982. The histological findings revealed moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma. In May 1983, right hydronephrosis was recognized by ultrasonography. A papillary tumor was visualized in the right ureter in retrograde pyelography, and percutaneous transrenal urinary tract drainage was performed. Cytological findings revealed class V. Total nephro-uretectomy was performed on June 16, 1983. The histological findings revealed transitional cell carcinoma.
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PMID:[A case report of a double cancer of the ureter and stomach]. 298 41

Cyclophosphamide treatment has been associated with bladder cancer in a number of case reports but no causal relationship has been proved since nearly all of these patients were treated with the drug for malignant disease. We describe a patient who received cyclophosphamide after cadaveric renal transplantation to prevent rejection. Transitional cell carcinoma developed in the native bladder and in the donor transplanted ureter (20-year-old donor) 13 years later despite no identifiable risk factors. This case strengthens the argument that cyclophosphamide has a carcinogenic potential on the urinary tract epithelium.
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PMID:Evidence for cyclophosphamide-induced transitional cell carcinoma in a renal transplant patient. 305 Jan 50


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