Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0393754 (HSA)
 2,996 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This report describes a spectrum of respiratory symptoms in workers exposed to trimellitic anhydride (TMA), a biologically reactive chemical used in the plastics industry. Fourteen workers who had worked on a unit which synthesized TMA were evaluated by clinical and immunologic methods. Respiratory syndromes induced by TMA inhalation included asthma and rhinitis of the immediate type, late onset asthma with systemic symptoms, and airway irritation. TMA was shown to couple rapidly to human serum albumin, forming an immunoreactive hapten-protein complex. The workers' immunologic reactivity to this complex could be quantitated and correlated with the three respiratory syndromes. The asthma-rhinitis syndrome was mediated by IgE antibody specific for the TMA hapten. The syndrome of late onset asthma with systemic symptomes was accompanied by elevated levels of TMA-specific IgG antibody. Rheumatoid factor in high titer was found in one worker with IgE-mediated asthma and in two workers with asthma of late onset. Lymphocyte reactivity of TMA-HSA was demonstrated in three workers representative of the three clinical syndromes. Leukocyte histamine release was demonstrated to TMA-HSA in one worker with high levels of IgE antibody specific for TMA-HSA who had severe symptoms of acute rhinitis and asthma.
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PMID:Trimellitic anhydride-induced airway syndromes: clinical and immunologic studies. 6 64

A RAST has been developed for the measurement of IgE antibodies specific to platinum chloride complexes in sensitized workers. Human serum albumin covalently linked to Sepharose beads by the cyanogen bromide method was reacted with ammonium tetrachloroplatinite (II) (NH4)2PtCl4. This conjugate was more suitable for the RAST, than conjugates of HSA and the platinum salt prepared in solution and then linked to the activated Sepharose, showing better sensitivity and giving lower levels of non-specific uptake of IgE from sera of non-exposed subjects with high total levels of IgE, e.g. allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillotics.
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PMID:Specific IgE antibodies to platinum salts in sensitized workers. 8 84

The capacity of amoxicillin to elicit allergenic reactions in vitro was determined on benzyl-penicillin sensitive patients. RAST and histamine release were performed on blood of these patients using B pen linked to human serum albumin (BPO-HSA) as allergen. A relationship was noted between the results of the in vitro tests and the date of the allergic manifestations. When results of RAST and histamine release were significant, amoxicillin was tested for its capacity to elicit histamine release and to inhibit RAST performed with BPO-HSA. A cross-allergenicity was observed in six sera out of eight. The results suggested that amoxicillin may be capable to react with cell-bound or serum IgE to give hypersensitive manifestations in some penicillin sensitive patients.
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PMID:Drug allergy: in vitro cross-allergenicity between amoxicillin and benzyl penicillin. 9 May 31

Incorporation of a p-tolyl (mono) isocyanate-human serum albumin (TMI-HSA) antigen conjugate into a solid phase radioimmunoassay permitted detection of tolyl-specific IgE antibodies in 3 of 4 workers with clinical hypersensitivity to toluene diisocyanate (TDI). By comparison 19 TDI-exposed, non-sensitized workers had antibody titers similar to those found in normal adults. High titers of tolyl-specific IgE antibodies were not correlated with high levels of total serum IgE. Use of the monofunctional isocyanate in place of TDI in antigen preparation prevented cross-linking of antigen protein, an effect usually associated with TDI, and also assured that tolyl groups were sterically exposed. TMI-HSA antigens may prove beneficial in serological or cutaneous evaluation of TDI-sensitized workers.
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PMID:Tolyl-specific IgE antibodies in workders with hypersensitivity to toluene diisocyanate. 21 Jun 46

Inhalational exposure to trimellitic anhydride (TMA) produces an immediate-type asthmatic or a late respiratory systemic syndrome in certain workers after a latent period of work exposure. TMA has been found to react with proteins to produce a hapten-protein complex (trimellitate [TM] protein) or become hydrolyzed in aqueous, alkaline solutions to produce a salt, NaTM. Using a solid-phase radioimmunoassay technique, antibodies of different Ig classes were detected against TM-protein conjugates. IgE antibody was detected in three of five workers with asthma. IgG and IgA antibodies were detected in most exposed workers but higher levels of antibody were found in symptomatic workers even after long periods without direct TMA exposure. IgM antibody activity against TM-human serum albumin (TM-HSA) was detected but did not differentiate symptomatic from asymptomatic workers. NaTM served as a hapten for study because it does not react with proteins to form a hapten-protein complex as TMA does. The NaTM only partially inhibited IgG antibody activity against TM-HSA and much smaller amounts of TM-HSA than of NaTM were required to neutralize IgG antibody. A similar result was found with TM-ovalbumin. The latter results suggest that some IgG antibody is directed against a TM-protein moiety, probably a TM-amino acid determinant. In contrast to IgG, marked inhibition by NaTM of IgA and IgM antibody against TM-HSA was found in the sera studied.
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PMID:Human antihapten antibodies in trimellitic anhydride inhalation reactions. Immunoglobulin classes of anti-trimellitic anhydride antibodies and hapten inhibition studies. 71 61

The formation of homocytotropic antibodies (IgE) as determined by immunochemical characteristics against penicilloyl in rabbits was shown. The production of such antibodies to azidocilloyl-human serum albumin (AzO10-HSA) in alum was found optimal using 1 mg of antigen in the tested range of 0.01-8 mg. At the lowest dose (0.01 mg) only haemagglutinating but no IgE antibodies were formed. Immunization with azidocilloyl-bovine gamma-globulin (AzO9-BGG) resulted in a slower increase in antibody levels than was caused by AzO10-HSA. Univalent benzylpenicilloyl-epsilon-aminocaproate or ampicillin given together with the antigen upon immunization decreased the levels of penicllloyl specific IgE and haemagglutinating antibodies, but induced the formation of IgE antibodies against the carrier molecule. Further, the administration of penicilloyl specific IgG antibodies diminished formation of both IgE and haemagglutinating antibodies, but no antibodies specific for the carrier were formed. The usefulness of this animal model for the experimental study of penicillin allergy is discussed.
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PMID:Formation of homocytotropic antibodies with penicilloyl specificity in the rabbit. 94 64

We used a BALB/c model of passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA), an IgE-mediated, mast cell-dependent reaction, to demonstrate the early production of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) mRNA and protein product. Northern blot analysis detects IL-6 mRNA 1, and 2 hours after antigen challenge (dinitrophenyl30-40 human serum albumin [DNP30-40-HSA]) and in situ hybridization reveals that it is primarily cells with round-to-oval nuclei within the dermis (1 to 3 per high-power field) expressing IL-6 mRNA. Immunohistochemistry revealed perinuclear and cytoplasmic staining for immunoreactive IL-6 in mononuclear dermal cells and also cells within the basal keratinocyte layer. Injection of recombinant murine IL-6 (rmIL-6) either systemically or locally during antidinitrophenyl IgE skin sensitization resulted in increased vasopermeability at the PCA site after DNP30-40-HSA. However, this increased permeability was not associated with a change in the character of the cellular infiltrate at the PCA site 8 hours later. Although the specific role of IL-6 in the generation of the allergic response remains unknown, its detection during PCA unequivocally demonstrates that IL-6 be considered one of the mediators identified in inflammation that follows allergic reactions.
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PMID:Passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in mouse skin is associated with local accumulation of interleukin-6 mRNA and immunoreactive interleukin-6 protein. 143 Jul 7

This is a report of 46 employees exposed to trimellitic anhydride (TMA). The evaluation consisted primarily of periodic serum antibody studies and a questionnaire that identified symptoms compatible with allergic asthma and/or rhinitis, late respiratory systemic syndrome (LRSS), or pulmonary disease anemia (PDA) syndrome. Industrial hygiene data from the plant in 1989 reported exposures that were lower than levels in 1979. Seven employees had positive IgE antibody against trimellityl-human serum albumin (TM-HSA); one had TMA rhinitis, and another possibly had TMA asthma/rhinitis. Fourteen employees had positive IgG antibody against TM-HSA of whom only three had titers high enough to cause disease, and none of them had symptoms compatible with LRSS or PDA. At most, two workers had asthma or rhinitis during the 1990 evaluation. In summary, in this employee population with low level TMA exposure there is a low incidence of immunologically mediated disease due to TMA.
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PMID:A cross-sectional survey of 46 employees exposed to trimellitic anhydride. 150 55

Twenty-one workers with hard metal asthma, including eight atopics, diagnosed on the basis of peak flow diaries and positive reaction to cobalt chloride (CoCl2) and/or nickel sulphate (NiSO4) in skin and provocation tests were studied for sensitization by detection of specific antibodies to nickel-conjugated human serum albumin (Ni-HSA), and nickel-conjugated exchange resin (Ni-resin). Their results were compared with those of sera obtained from control sera from 60 asthmatic patients and pair-matched asymptomatic control workers in the hard metal plant. In the RASTs (radioallergosorbent tests), sera from the same six subjects developed positive reactions both to Ni-HSA (RAST index greater than 2.0, P less than 0.01) and Ni-resin (RAST index greater than 2.0, P less than 0.01), while the counts measured for the others of the 15 subjects (RAST index less than 1.52) were about the same as those for control groups (RAST index less than 1.58). Subject HSA RAST and resin RAST results (378 +/- 52 c.p.m. in HSA RAST and 324 +/- 56 in the resin RAST) were about the same as those of the control sera (388 +/- 65 c.p.m. and 398 +/- 59 c.p.m., respectively). There was no difference in the prevalence of smoking habit and high IgE between Ni-RAST positive and negative subjects. However, subjects with simultaneous sensitivity to nickel and/or cobalt still developed asthmatic attacks following medications, while those without sensitivity to these metals were almost symptom free. The positive sera had simultaneous sensitivity to both cobalt and nickel, suggesting the presence in them of specific IgE antibodies to nickel playing some role in the aetiology of hard metal asthma.
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PMID:Specific IgE antibodies to nickel in workers with known reactivity to cobalt. 157 14

Thirteen guinea pigs were immunized with TDI-BSA conjugates employing CFA or AHG adjuvant or only adjuvant as a control via intraperitoneal route. After 5-8 weeks, 30.8% of the sensitized animals experienced asthma attacks after a TDI-HSA challenge. The dynamic airway pulmonary ventilation imaging with Tc-99m-DTPA showed an accumulation of radioactivity. The radioactivity ratio of trachea or bronchus/lung was increased 6.46-29 times in contrast with before challenge. A specific IgE and IgG type antibodies were developed in 87.5% of TDI-BSA/CFA sensitized animals and 40% of TDI-BSA/AHG sensitized animals by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA). Results of these suggested that allergic response play an important role in the mechanism of TDI-induced asthma.
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PMID:[An experimental etiological study of toluene diisocyanate (TDI) induced occupational asthma]. 166 62


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