Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0393754 (HSA)
 2,996 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The capacity of amoxicillin to elicit allergenic reactions in vitro was determined on benzyl-penicillin sensitive patients. RAST and histamine release were performed on blood of these patients using B pen linked to human serum albumin (BPO-HSA) as allergen. A relationship was noted between the results of the in vitro tests and the date of the allergic manifestations. When results of RAST and histamine release were significant, amoxicillin was tested for its capacity to elicit histamine release and to inhibit RAST performed with BPO-HSA. A cross-allergenicity was observed in six sera out of eight. The results suggested that amoxicillin may be capable to react with cell-bound or serum IgE to give hypersensitive manifestations in some penicillin sensitive patients.
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PMID:Drug allergy: in vitro cross-allergenicity between amoxicillin and benzyl penicillin. 9 May 31

Immunological tolerance is induced in mice by intrathymic injection of HSA. The tolerance thus induced is mediated by suppressor T cells. Strong tolerance persists more than 56 days after the induction, and the high efficiency of the tolerance thus induced is accounted for in terms of the number or the potentiality of suppressor cells. Possible mechanisms of suppressor T cell induction by iT injection of the antigen are discussed briefly.
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PMID:Intrathymic injection of antigen: a potent procedure for the induction of suppressor T cells. 9 9

Radioactive human serum albumin (125I-HSA) was injected into the hind foot pads of unimmunized mice, actively immunized mice and mice passively immunized with mouse or rabbit anti-HSA serum. Eleven days later the unimmunized mice had cleared most of the 125I-HSA. In contrast, a high concentration of 125I-HSA was retained in the feet and draining lymph nodes and, to a lesser extent, in the spleen of the actively or passively immunized mice. Although immune retention required specific antibody, it appeared to be independent of T-cells or T-cell factors, since passively immunized nude mice retained antigen as well as actively or passively immunized normal mice. Depletion of the complement system with cobra venom factor (CVF) increased antigen retention in the feet but decreased retention in the spleen. Treatment with CVF did not decrease antigen retention in lymph nodes of actively immunized mice. Such treatment did, however, decrease retention in lymph nodes of passively immunized mice although not to the same extent as in the spleen. Retention of antigen in the feet was not only complement-independent but was also Fc independent, since F(ab')2 fragments of IgG could mediate immune retention. Antigen dose response studies indicated that immune retention in lymph nodes occurred optimally with minute amounts of antigen, whereas optimal retention in the feet required much higher concentrations of antigen. Foot pad injections of non-radiolabelled HSA eliminated 60% of the radioactivity retained in the foot pads of immunized mice. In contrast, non-radioactive egg albumin (EA) had almost no effect on retained HSA. However, if the mice were immunized to both EA and HSA, an injection of EA would displace a significant amount of retained HSA. Complexes of one specificity can apparently displace some retained antigen of a differing specificity.
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PMID:Immune retention: immunological requirements for maintaining an easily degradable antigen in vivo. 9 45

Serum samples from eighty-one patients with suspected penicillin allergy were investigated with Phadebas RAST using the penicillin derivatives Benzylpenicilloyl-human serum albumin (PBO-HSA) and Phenoxymethylpenicilloyl-human serum albumin (PMPO-HSA) and the results were compared with skin test results and clinical data. Of the sixty-one patients who had anaphylactic shock and/or urticaria as a possible consequence of penicillin administration, reagins against PBO-HAS and PMPO-HSA could be detected in thirty-four cases (56%). Five per cent of these patients, with positive RAST results, showed negative skin tests; in the other 95% both RAST and skin tests were positive. All, except eight, of the RAST-negative patients had had their adverse reactions at least 2 years prior to the blood sampling and in some of these cases skin tests were also negative. RAST and provocation test results agreed in 80% of the cases where exposition was performed. It is concluded that the RAST technique is a valuable diagnostic tool for the detection of immediate type hypersensitivity to penicillin.
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PMID:IgE antibodies against penicillin as determined by Phadebas RAST. 11 20

Carp anti-DNP antibodies were raised by various DNP-carrier conjugates. Their intrinsic affinity (K0) to monovalent E-DNP-L-lysine and functional affinity (DF) for binding to the multivalent DNP-T4 bacteriophages were determined. The functional affinity of antibodies elicited by T-cell-dependent DMPn-HSA (n = 3, 15, 33) is relatively high (KF):1010-1012 M-1). These KF values increase more than K0 during the immune response. The functional affinity is dependent on the molar KNP: HSA ratio. The mediate coupled DMP15-HSA elicits antibodies with the highest functional affinity. Carps immunized with T-cell-independent DNP-conjugates synthesize antibodies which have similar K0 as the antibodies elicited with DNP-HSA. However, the KF-values are in the range from 107 to 1010 M-1 only. The KF of antibodies raised with DNP-BA are 103-104 fold, those of DNP-S III and DNP-Ficoll elicited are only 4 . 101 to 4,7 . 102 fold higher than their corresponding K0-values. This means that these antibodies are not very effective in binding the multivalent DNP-T4. Specifically purified antibodies have also such low functional affinities. These strong differences in the functional affinity of carp DNP-antibodies elicited by T-cell dependent and independent DNP-conjugates are discussed with regard to stimulation of different B-cell subpopulations.
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PMID:[Regulations of IgM immune response. IV. Effect of the hapten: carrier ratio and the nature of the carrier on the intrinsic and functional affinity of carp DNP-antibodies]. 12 87

Rabbits were immunized with synthetic immunogens HSA-(Gly-L-Ala-L-Ala-D-Ala-D-Ala)39 and HSA-(Gly-gamma-D-Glu-L-Ala-D-Ala-D-Ala)40, respectively. Antibodies against HSA-(Gly-L-Ala-L-Ala-D-Ala-D-Ala)39 showed a strong precipitin reaction with the homologous antigen, with HSA-(Gly-gamma-D-Glu-L-Ala-D-Ala-D-Ala)40 and with solubilized peptidoglycan containing peptide subunits with C-terminal D-alanyl-D-alanine. The albumin-peptide conjugates also cross-reacted with rabbit antisera to Streptococcus A-variant, which contain antibodies directed against the peptide moiety of peptidoglycan. The proof for identical determinant groups of peptidoglycan of Streptococcus A-variant and HSA-(Gly-L-Ala-L-Ala-D-Ala-D-Ala)39 was furnished by Ouchterlony gel diffusion studies and by the appropriate inhibition tests of the quantitative precipitin reaction. Immunization of rabbits with HSA-(Gly-gamma-D-Glu-L-Ala-D-Ala-D-Ala)40 yielded antisera which, besides the specificity of antisera to HSA-(Gly-L-Ala-L-Ala-D-Ala-D-Ala)39, showed an additional specificity.
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PMID:Immunochemical studies with synthetic immunogens chemically related to peptidoglycan. 12 50

Previous studies have shown that peptidoglycans from group A and B streptococci inhibit the migration of peritoneal exudate cells from non-sensitized rats and guinea pigs. In the present studies peptidoglycans from S. aureus and S. epidermidis were found to inhibit the migration of cells to the same extent as group A streptococcal peptidoglycan. In contrast, HSA-pentapeptide, an immunologically active synthetic analog of the peptide moiety of peptidoglycan which is free of the intrinsic toxicity of naturally occurring peptidoglycans, did not induce migration inhibition of peritoneal exudate cells from non-sensitized guinea pigs. Sensitization of animals with 200 mug HSA-pentapeptide emulsified in incomplete Freund's adjuvant significantly reduced the inhibitory effect of streptococcal and staphylococcal peptidoglycan; HSA-pentapeptide again showed no activity. However, when HSA-pentapeptide was tested against cells from animals sensitized with 200 mug HSA-pentapeptide incorporated in complete Freund's adjuvant, a strong inhibition of migration was evident. Skin tests performed in these animals, in contrast to the dermonecrotic reaction elicited by streptococcal or staphylococcal peptidoglycan, revealed a characteristic delay hypersensitivity to HSA-pentapeptide.
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PMID:Migration inhibition of peritoneal macrophages by peptidoglycan. 12 62

In this study, the dependence of the health systems agency, formed under P.L.93-641 in its planning environment, has been analyzed. After presenting some generic barriers to the implementation of the Act, the specific components of the planning environment that support the HSA were identified. The hypothesis is that the viability of the new HSA depends largely upon an improved planning environment. The present constituencies of the HSA are weak, or even negative. A strategy of interventions is tailored for each major component of the planning environment, on the assumption that each is unique in its structure and objectives and therefore in its client relationship to the HSA. The innovative planning processes required by P.L.93-641 will not be achieved without vigorous support from each component.
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PMID:The planning environment of health systems agencies: a strategy for intervention. 14 48

Single crystal gammacamera and minicomputer were employed in 71 patients to determine left-ventricular ejection fraction (EF) (17 mCi 99mTc-HSA; 30 degrees RAO projection) by means of the first tracer passage. In 30 out of these patients, ventricular wall motion could be analyzed additionally because later on the gammacamera was equipped with a converging collimator. Comparison with cineventriculographically determined EF values revealed a good correlation (r = 0.91), not depending on left-ventricular wall motion pattern. Hereby, with first transit, high EFs were computed somewhat lower and low EFs were found somewhat higher. This non-limiting discrepancy is closely related to the influence of paracardiac "background"-radioactivity. Comparative analysis of segmental wall motion demonstrated agreement in 83% of the 90 segments examined. Therefore, it can be confirmed that performance of the first tracer passage for a evaluating segmental wall motion must not mandatorily be done with a multicrystal camera.
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PMID:[Results of employing single crystal gammacamera and minicomputer in the first tracer passage to determine left-ventricular ejection fraction and wall motion (author's transl)]. 15 5

For the first time results of investigations on rats with radioactive compounds in autochtonal tumors of the central nervous system, induced via placenta by Ethyl-Nitrose-Urea (ENU), are reported. In contrast to transplantation tumors the tumors induced by ENU are comparable in regard to the szintigrafic results with human brain tumors. The radiopharmaceuticals 131I-HSA, 99mTc-Pertechnetate, 203Hg-Chlormerodrin and 113m/111In-DTPA are similar to human brain tumors taken up by the ENU-tumors. For these findings it may be important, that the ENU-tumors are of neurogenic origin and do not differ histologically from the human brain tumors. The accumulation of the radioactive substances in ENU-tumors can be explained with the lesion at the blood-brain-barrier and at the blood-nerv-barrier. Therefore, it is discussed that the mechanism of the uptake is similar in human brain neoplasms and in ENU-tumors of the brain. The ENU-tumor model is suitable for testing new radiopharmaceuticals before their application in men.
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PMID:[Experimental investigations on the accumulation of radioactive compounds in autochtonal tumors in the rat (author's transl)]. 17 56


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