Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0393754 (HSA)
 2,996 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have recently shown that Flt3 ligand administration dramatically increases dendritic cell (DC) numbers in various mouse tissues. This has enabled the identification of distinct mature DC subpopulations. These have been designated: population C (CD11c(bright) CD11b(bright)), D (CD11c(bright) CD11b(dull)), and E (CD11c(bright) CD11b(negative)) This report demonstrates that the mature DC subsets (C, D, and E) from Flt3 ligand-treated mice differ with respect to phenotype, geographic localization, and function. The myeloid Ags CD11b, F4/80, and Ly-6C are predominantly expressed by population C, but not D or E. In addition, a subset of population C-type DC expresses 33D1 and CD4. In contrast, DC within population D and E selectively express the lymphoid-related DC markers CD8alpha, DEC 205, CD1d, as well as CD23, elevated levels of CD117 (c-kit), CD24 (HSA), CD13, and CD54. Immunohistology indicates that the different DC subsets reside in distinct microenvironments, with populations D and E residing in the T cell areas of the white pulp, while DC within population C localize in the marginal zones. These DC subpopulations showed different capacities to phagocytose FITC-zymosan and to secrete IL-12 upon stimulation with Staphylococcus aureus cowan I strain + IFN-gamma + granulocyte-macrophage-CSF. Population C-type DC were more phagocytic but secreted little inducible IL-12 while population D- and E-type DC showed poor phagocytic capacity and secreted considerably higher levels of IL-12. These results underscore the importance of viewing DC development in vivo, as an interplay between distinct lineages and a maturational dependence on specific microenvironmental signals.
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PMID:Developmental pathways of dendritic cells in vivo: distinct function, phenotype, and localization of dendritic cell subsets in FLT3 ligand-treated mice. 927 10

Hemokinin-1 (HK-1), encoded by the TAC4 gene, is a tachykinin peptide that is predominantly expressed in non-neuronal cells, such as immune cells. We have disrupted the mouse TAC4 gene to obtain a better understanding of the actions of HK-1 during hematopoiesis. We demonstrate here that TAC4(-/-) mice exhibit an increase of CD19(+)CD117(+)HSA(+)BP.1(-) "fraction B" pro-B cells in the bone marrow, whereas pre-B, immature, and mature B cells are within the normal range. We show that in vitro cultures derived from TAC4(-/-) bone marrow, sorted "fraction B" pro-B cells or purified long-term reconstituting stem cells, contain significantly higher numbers of pro-B cells compared with controls, suggesting an inhibitory role for HK-1 on developing B cells. Supporting this idea, we show that addition of HK-1 to cultures established from long-term reconstituting stem cells and the newly described intermediate-term reconstituting stem cells leads to a significant decrease of de novo generated pro-B cells. Based on our studies, we postulate that HK-1 plays an inhibitory role in hematopoiesis, and we hypothesize that it may be part of the bone marrow microenvironment that supports and regulates the proliferation and differentiation of hematopoietic cells.
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PMID:Targeted deletion of the tachykinin 4 gene (TAC4-/-) influences the early stages of B lymphocyte development. 2066 Jul 92