Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0393754 (HSA)
 2,996 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The karyotype of microcebus murinus (MIM) (lemuridae) is considered by Dutrillaux (1979) as the closest to the karyotype ancestral to all primates. A large number of homoeologies exists between the banding patterns of MIM chromosomes and those of man (HSA). We report a comparison of the gene maps of these two species which confirms most of these homoeologies. Fifteen cell hybrids were obtained by fusing MIM fibroblasts and an HPRT- Chinese hamster cell line. Twenty-seven enzyme markers were investigated. The following assignments were demonstrated: NP to chromosome MIM 2, homoeologous to HSA 14; the syntenic group PGD-ENO1-PGM1 to MIM 3, homoeologous to HSA 1p; LDHA to MIM 5, homoeologous to HSA 11; Me1 to MIM 6, homoeologous to HSA 6; the syntenic group LDHB-CS-PEPB-ENO2-TPI to MIM 7, homoeologous to HSA 12; the syntenic group AK1-AK3 to MIM 10, which we considered to be homoeologous to HSA 9 (we do not consider MIM 9 to be homoeologous to HSA 9, as does Dutrillaux, 1979); GOT1 to MIM 15, homoeologous to HSA 10; the syntenic group HPRT-G6PD-PGK-GLA to MIM X. Synteny dissociation in three hybrids suggests closer linkage between G6PD and HPRT than between PGK-GLA and HPRT. Three syntenic groups, known in man, were confirmed in MIM but could not be assigned with full confidence: ACP1-MDH1, MP1-PKM2, and PEPD-GPI. GUK1 and PEPC, known to be syntenic in man, were found to be asyntenic in MIM and could not be assigned. PGM2 and SOD1 could not be assigned. A comparison of these gene assignments with those known in Cebus capucinus showed a remarkable homoeology for six chromosomes of the two species.
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PMID:Gene mapping of Microcebus murinus (Lemuridae): a comparison with man and Cebus capucinus (Cebidae). 695 81

HIS50 MAb recognizes a GPI-linked molecule on the surface of rat cells committed to the B lineage but is absent from cells of other hematopoietic lineages. Eukaryotic expression cloning of the cDNA has revealed that HIS50 recognizes a rat homologue of human CD24 and murine HSA. CD24/HSA exists in multiple glycoforms and plays an important role in hematopoietic and neural cell development. HIS50 is significant in that it is the only, presently available, anti-rat CD24/HSA MAb. Furthermore it is the only reported MAb with specificity restricted to B cell forms of CD24. Here we report Western blot analysis of HIS50 antigen (ag). In rat bone marrow HIS50 MAb recognized MW species in the range of 35-70 kDa. These species were shown by immunomagnetic cell sorting to be all derived from the HIS50+ cell subset. In other tissues with varying HIS50 levels as judged by immunostaining, apparent levels of HIS50 ag in the 35-70 kDa range varied accordingly. Thus, Western blot data corresponded to the immunostaining data of HIS50 ag, and the size distribution of B-restricted forms of rat CD24 appeared as wide as that reported for the more extensively expressed forms of human and murine CD24. N-Deglycosylation of cell lysates from lymphoid organs reduced the signal in the 35-70 kDa range, without appearance of lower MW HIS50-reactive species. Thus, unlike certain epitopes on human and murine CD24, HIS50 epitopes appeared (partially) N-linked carbohydrate dependent. The data reported here provide a basis for the further use of HIS50 MAb in studying the role of the highly heterogeneous CD24 molecules in cell development.
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PMID:Characterization of rat HSA/CD24 protein bearing the B lineage-restricted epitope recognized by MAb HIS50. 906 84

Six loci--CALR, EPOR, JUNB, JUND, CEA, and PRKCG--were assigned to bovine chromosomes using PCR-based hybrid somatic cell analysis. The five genes other than CALR are comparative mapping anchor loci. This study, together with the previous assignment of three anchor loci--INSR, LDLR, APOE--and four other genes--AMH, GPI, RYR1, LHB--defines the conserved synteny relationship between human chromosome 19 and cattle chromosomes 7 and 18. Genes on HSA 19p13.3-13.2 are conserved in cattle chromosome 7, while those on HSA19-q13.1-13.4 are conserved in cattle chromosome 18. In contrast, homologous genes from HSA19 are located on four different mouse chromosomes, namely MMU10, MMU8, MMU9, and MMU7. This is further evidence that syntenic conservation between cattle and human generally exceeds that observed between human and mouse.
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PMID:Comparative mapping of anchor loci from HSA19 to cattle chromosomes 7 and 18. 941 94

Sialyl Lewis(a) (sLe(a)), also termed CA19-9 antigen, is recognized by murine mAb19-9 and is expressed on the cancer cell surface as a glycolipid and as an O-linked glycoprotein. It is highly expressed in a variety of gastrointestinal epithelial malignancies including colon cancer and pancreatic cancer, and in breast cancer and small cell lung cancer, but has a limited expression on normal tissues. sLe(a) is known to be the ligand for endothelial cell selectins suggesting a role for sLe(a) in cancer metastases and adhesion. For these reasons, sLe(a) may be a good target for antibody mediated immunotherapy including monoclonal antibodies and tumor vaccines. However, sLe(a) is structurally similar to sLe(x) and other blood group related carbohydrates which are widely expressed on polymorphonucleocytes and other circulating cells, raising concern that immunization against sLe(a) will induce antibodies reactive with these more widely expressed autoantigens. We have shown previously both in mice and in patients that conjugation of a variety of carbohydrate cancer antigen to keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) and administration of this conjugate mixed with saponin adjuvants QS-21 or GPI-0100 are the most effective methods for induction of antibodies against these cancer antigens. We describe here for the first time the total synthesis of pentenyl glycoside of sLe(a) hexasaccharide and its conjugation to KLH to construct a sLe(a)-KLH conjugate. Groups of five mice were vaccinated subcutaneously four times over 6 weeks. Sera were tested against sLe(a)-HSA by ELISA and against sLe(a) positive human cell lines adenocarcinoma SW626 and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) DMS79 by FACS. As expected, mice immunized with unconjugated sLe(a) plus GPI-0100 or unconjugated sLe(a) mixed with KLH plus GPI-0100 failed to produce antibodies against sLe(a). However, mice immunized with sLe(a)-KLH conjugate without GPI-0100 produced low levels of antibodies and mice immunized with sLe(a)-KLH plus GPI-0100 produced significantly higher titer IgG and IgM antibodies against sLe(a) by ELISA. These antibodies were highly reactive by FACS and mediated potent complement mediated cytotoxicity against sLe(a) positive SW626 and DMS79 cells. They showed no detectable cross reactivity against a series of other blood group-related antigens, including Le(y), Le(x), and sLe(x) by dot blot immune staining. This vaccine is ready for testing as an active immunotherapy for treating sLe(a) positive cancer in clinical settings.
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PMID:Synthesis of sialyl Lewis(a) (sLe (a), CA19-9) and construction of an immunogenic sLe(a) vaccine. 1919 Sep 7