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Query: UMLS:C0392680 (shortness of breath)
 5,217 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Chest radiographs of 39 patients with ankylosing spondylitis were studied. Three showed apical pulmonary fibrosis, two with cavitary lesions. Other known causes of lung disease were excluded. Symptoms and roentgenographic evidence of spondylitis were present for many years prior to the onset of pulmonary symptoms, which variably included shortness of breath, cough, hemoptysis, pleuritic chest pain, fever, and chills. Apical pulmonary lesions of unknown cause were absent in 53 age, sex, and racematched osteoarthritis control patients. The findings suggest that apical pulmonary fibrosis may be an extra-skeletal manifestation of ankylosing spondylitis, the frequency of which approaches that of spondylitic heart disease.
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PMID:Pulmonary manifestations of ankylosing spondylitis. 120 76

A knowledge of the layman's illness concepts is of value both for diagnosis and therapy in the practical application of the medical services. It is also valuable for the estimation of morbidity and of the need for medical assistance. The present article describes an investigation intended to throw light on the import of ten different illness concepts and on the implications these may have for the utilization of the medical services. The study is based on interviews with 100 middle-aged women. Most of the respondents considered that an illness may have many causes--a multifactorial aetiology. Great differences between the illnesses were noted with respect to the opinions as to whether examination by a doctor was necessary for diagnosis. The interpretations as to whether an illness needed treatment--medical attention, medicine, hospital care--seemed however to be more closely related to its duration than to its nature. A long duration was regarded by a surprisingly large number as a sign that hospitalization was required--even in the case of a common cold! Only 8% considered obesity 'serious'. As regards the choice of illness alternatives, earlier experience of illness influenced this only in the case of 'shortness of breath' and 'nervous symptoms'. Social class was not found to affect the type of answer.
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PMID:The layman's medical vocabulary. A study of illness definitions and perceived need for medical care. 127 49

Chronic heart failure is a common clinical condition with a high mortality and morbidity. Patients with the condition suffer from shortness of breath and fatigue on exercise. This article reviews the recent advances made in the understanding of the pathophysiology of chronic heart failure and explores further possible research options.
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PMID:The mechanisms underlying the increased ventilatory response to exercise in chronic stable heart failure. 128 2

A 65-year-old woman presented with increasing shortness of breath, chest pain and ST-T wave abnormalities on the electrocardiogram suggestive of unstable angina. Cross-sectional echocardiography performed to assess wall-motion abnormality and left ventricular function revealed a pedunculated right atrial thrombus prolapsing into the right ventricle which suddenly dislodged and migrated into the pulmonary circulation during the examination. A diagnosis of recurrent pulmonary thromboembolism was made, necessitating urgent pulmonary angiography with infusion of streptokinase. The patient made an uneventful recovery.
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PMID:Right atrial thrombus migration during echocardiography: a case for urgent intervention. 128 5

A 35-year-old woman had a 13-year history of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with recurrent flares since 1972 responding to corticosteroid therapy. In August, 1990 she presented with a 2-month history of dyspnea at rest, 4-pillow orthopnea and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. Respiratory rate was 32-36/min, chest expansion 2 cm and crackles were present at the lung bases. On chest radiograph diaphragms were elevated. Pulmonary function tests (PFT) showed further reduction in lung volumes, maximum inspiratory pressures, maximum expiratory pressures and arterial blood gases. Ventilation/perfusion and gallium lung scans were normal. A diagnosis of "shrinking lungs syndrome" was made. Treatment with 40 mg of prednisone resulted in resolution of the patient's shortness of breath. PFT showed improvement in all variables. Corticosteroid therapy for acute "shrinking lungs syndrome" in active SLE can improve symptoms and pulmonary function.
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PMID:The "shrinking lungs syndrome" in systemic lupus erythematosus--improvement with corticosteroid therapy. 129 50

Metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD) is a neurodegenerative disorder with autosomal recessive inheritance, in which cerebroside sulphate (sulphatide) accumulates in the central and peripheral nervous systems due to a deficiency of arylsulphatase A. This article presents a 2-year-old boy who had occasional shortness of breath, horizontal nystagmus and unstable gait for 3 months prior to the entry. He was admitted to our hospital due to shortness of breath, frequent apnea, generalized hypotonia and conscious disturbance. The lumbar puncture, brain CT scan, serum amino acid analysis, urine organic acid assay and nerve conduction velocity of lower extremities all showed negative findings. The electron microscopic finding of muscle elicited lipid deposition. The auditory brainstem response showed bilateral impairment. The routine EEG revealed diffuse slow waves. The brain MRI showed widespread low signals over the white matter of bilateral frontal and parietotemporal areas of the cerebral hemispheres, as well as the white matter of the bilateral cerebellar hemispheres, and the brain stem in the T1-weighted image corresponding the high signals in T2-weighted image. The blood leukocyte lysosomal enzyme activity test revealed arylsulphatase A deficiency. Rapid progressive neurological deterioration was noted since admission. Unfortunately, the patient expired due to respiratory failure in the final.
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PMID:Late infantile form metachromatic leukodystrophy: report of one case. 129 37

A 60-year-old man was admitted to our hospital on January 29, 1991 with dry cough, shortness of breath on exertion, appetite loss and abnormal shadows on chest X-ray. Chest X-ray on admission showed marked vascular shadows in both lung fields accompanied by left interlobar effusion. Chest CT showed thickening of vessels and bronchial walls with prominent interlobular septa in the subpleural regions. These findings suggested that the lesions were located in the peribronchial and perivascular interstitium and interlobular septa. Biopsy specimens of bronchial epithelium, lung tissue and right supraclavicular lymph nodes revealed small cell carcinoma (intermediate cell type). Because of the absence of lesions in other organs, the initial diagnosis was carcinomatous lymphangiosis of small cell carcinoma of the lung. However, the mild symptoms, normal arterial blood gas and good response to chemotherapy suggested the possibility of extensive small cell carcinoma of longitudinal spread type. Although small cell carcinoma of the lung is not a rare disease, this case suggests two possibilities. 1) Carcinomatous lymphangiosis of small cell carcinoma may have different symptoms, clinical course and prognosis from that of non-small cell carcinoma. 2) Carcinomatous lymphangiosis of small cell carcinoma may not be a clinical entity and in fact may simply represent extensive small cell carcinoma of longitudinal spread type.
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PMID:[A case of small cell carcinoma of the lung with carcinomatous lymphangiosis-like shadow]. 133 62

Percutaneous mitral commissurotomy using the Inoue balloon was performed in seven pregnant women between May 1990 and November 1991. The mean age of the group was 31.5 years (range 28-35 years). The mean gestation time was 29 weeks (range 20-38 weeks). All patients presented with severe symptoms; two had a recent history of pulmonary oedema, the rest exhibited marked shortness of breath, and mild exercise and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea. All were in sinus rhythm. Two patients had previously undergone closed mitral valvulotomy five and 14 years before their recent hospitalization. Echocardiographic examination revealed severe mitral stenosis, with the mitral valve area being less than 1.2 cm2 in all but one patient. None of the patients had left atrial thrombi or mitral regurgitation as seen on two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography. Four patients (two with restenosis) had severe lesions of the subvalvular apparatus with thickening and marked shortening of the chordae, as assessed by echocardiography. Successful percutaneous mitral valvulotomy was completed in all seven patients using 25-28 mm Inoue balloons. There was one, transient maternal complications. Fetal complication did not occur. It is concluded that percutaneous, transseptal, mitral balloon valvulotomy during pregnancy with the Inoue balloon is a safe procedure, which can be recommended for suitable clinical cases.
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PMID:Percutaneous mitral commissurotomy with the Inoue balloon for severe mitral stenosis during pregnancy. 134 30

Half of the patients with advanced cancer suffer from shortness of breath. This may be due to the cancer itself, result from its treatment or arise from concurrent conditions. Careful assessment should precede any intervention. Treatment should be directed toward altering the underlying pathological process as far as possible (e.g. tumour reduction or pleural puncture). The relieve of symptoms by reassuring presence and morphine application are the mainstay, when it is not possible to reverse the cause of dyspnea, and can also successfully complement specific therapy.
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PMID:[Respiratory problems in cancer--causes and treatment]. 137 May 89

Pseudocysts of the pancreas are a rare cause of a mediastinal mass. They are clinically characterized by the combination of thoracic symptoms (shortness of breath, dysphagia, pleural effusions) with complaints in the upper abdominal quadrants and weight loss. The diagnosis is usually made by CT scan or MRI including upper abdominal views. Internal drainage via an abdominal route performed either as cystogastrostomy or cystojejunostomy is the treatment of choice.
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PMID:Mediastinal pancreatic pseudocyst. 137 30


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