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Query: UMLS:C0392680 (shortness of breath)
 5,217 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case report of an urban family who experienced excessive exposure to organophosphate and carbamate pesticides is presented. All three family members developed symptoms that were compatible with cholinesterase inhibition: headache, lightheadedness, wheezing, shortness of breath, nausea, and fatigue. Serial measurement of red blood cell and serum cholinesterases soon after exposure and during subsequent months confirmed the diagnosis of pesticide poisoning. This report demonstrates that the misapplication of pesticides commonly used in residences in urban areas can cause acute pesticide poisoning and demonstrates the usefulness of repeated measurements of cholinesterase during the post-exposure period in establishing the correct diagnosis.
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PMID:Poisoning of an urban family due to misapplication of household organophosphate and carbamate pesticides. 158 78

Upper respiratory and pulmonary complications of cocaine addiction have been increasingly reported in recent years, with most of the patients being intravenous addicts, users of freebase, or smokers of "crack." The toxicity of cocaine is complex and is exerted via multiple central and peripheral pathways. Recurrent snorting of cocaine may result in ischemia, necrosis, and infections of the nasal mucosa, sinuses, and adjacent structures. Pulmonary complications of cocaine toxicity include pulmonary edema, pulmonary hemorrhages, pulmonary barotrauma, foreign body granulomas, cocaine related pulmonary infection, obliterative bronchiolitis, asthma, and persistent gas-exchange abnormalities. Respiratory manifestations are nonspecific and include shortness of breath, cough, wheezing, hemoptysis, and chest pains. Severe respiratory difficulties have been reported in neonates of abusing mothers. In the absence of a cocaine-abuse history, it may be difficult to recognize the etiological role of cocaine, especially in the absence of needle tracks pointing to previous intravenous drug abuse and/or negative toxicology.
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PMID:Respiratory complications of cocaine abuse. 158 7

Four thousand subjects from Cartagena, Colombia were surveyed in order to establish the prevalence of asthma in this city. They were considered to have asthma when they had consulted their physicians for shortness of breath accompanied with wheezing during the last year and had received asthma medications. Point and cumulative prevalence were 8.8% and 12.2%, respectively. Seventy percent of the affected population was less than 15 years old. There were no significant differences in the prevalence of asthma between sexes. Forty-five percent of asthmatic subjects had family histories of asthma. The prevalence of rhinitis was 16.4% and 30.6% of the patients with asthma. The asthma prevalence of this study is high, indicating that this respiratory disease is a significant health problem in this tropical city.
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PMID:Prevalence of asthma in a tropical city of Colombia. 161 29

This study was carried out in the framework of a health monitoring system set up in the vicinity of a 1400 megawatt coal-fired power plant in Israel. Second- and fifth-grade school children were followed up every 3 years; they performed pulmonary function tests (PFT), and their parents filled out American Thoracic Society-National Heart and Lung Institute health questionnaires. Among the cohort of second graders (in 1983) living in the area expected to be most polluted, a significant increase in the prevalence of part of the respiratory symptoms (such as cough and sputum, wheezing with and without cold and wheezing accompanied by shortness of breath) was evident in 1986. The prevalence of asthma among fifth graders in this area doubled (p = 0.0273) compared with prevalence when they were second graders. Among the children from the older cohort (fifth graders in 1983) living in this community, a similar although milder trend could be observed, especially in regard to an increased prevalence of asthma in 1986 compared with 1983 (13.9% versus 8.1%). Annual increases in PFT in the four groups of children (boys and girls from both cohorts) were found to be higher in the community expected to be polluted (especially in the younger cohort) compared with the two other communities. The discrepancy between the increased prevalence of respiratory symptoms and diseases and the higher annual increase in PFT among children from the expected more polluted community may be partly attributable to differential annual increase in height and to different distribution of background variables (such as socioeconomic status, passive smoking, heating, and respiratory diseases among parents) in the three communities.
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PMID:Follow-up of schoolchildren in the vicinity of a coal-fired power plant in Israel. 195 18

Information gathered in the Zutphen Study, the Dutch contribution to the Seven Countries Study that started in the 1960s, was used for the present study. In 1960 878 men participated in the physical examination and they were followed for 25 years until 1 July 1985. During this follow-up, their morbidity status was verified regularly. With this information the occurrence of chronic non-specific lung disease (CNSLD) at a specific time was coded by one physician, using strict criteria. The CNSLD diagnosis was based on the following criteria: episodes of respiratory symptoms such as regular cough and phlegm for longer than three months or episodes of wheezing and shortness of breath reported to the survey physician, or: diagnosis of CNSLD, including chronic bronchitis or emphysema by a clinical specialist. Occupation in 1960 was coded and used to generate specific occupational exposures with a Job Exposure Matrix. Because the exact time of diagnosis of CNSLD was known, incidence densities could be calculated. For 804 men a complete set of data was available. A Poisson regression analysis was used to analyse the relationships between the incidence density and independent variables like age, calendar period, occupation and specific occupational exposures. Blue collar workers had a significantly elevated incidence density ratio (IDR) compared to white collar workers (1.82, 95% confidence limits (CL): 1.35, 2.46). Subgroups of blue collar workers, wood and paper workers, textile workers, and tailors, construction workers and transport workers had significantly elevated IDRs also. Of the specific exposures heavy metals, mineral dust and adhesives had a significantly elevated IDR.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Occupational exposure and 25-year incidence rate of non-specific lung disease: the Zutphen Study. 208 26

A case of primary diffuse tracheobronchial amyloidosis in a 45-year-old woman is reported. Because of tracheal stenosis immediately beneath the vocal cords, due to amyloid deposits, she was treated with Nd-YAG laser irradiation. Immediately after treatment, symptoms such as cough, wheezing, and shortness of breath on exertion improved. Bronchoscopic Nd-YAG laser irradiation proved useful for the removal of amyloid deposits from the trachea in this patient.
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PMID:Primary diffuse tracheobronchial amyloidosis treated by bronchoscopic Nd-YAG laser irradiation. 210 14

The 26-year-old man experienced symptoms of chronic airway obstruction with shortness of breath, cough and wheezing, which primarily led to a diagnosis of asthma bronchiale. Absence of adequate response to antiasthmatic treatment and development of hemoptysis and weight loss led to the tentative diagnosis of upper airway obstruction by tumor. Bronchoscopy revealed adenoid cystic carcinoma of the distal trachea.
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PMID:[Cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis]. 215 42

Two police officers developed asthma like illness after a single but prolonged exposure to toluene diisocyanate (TDI) by being in the immediate vicinity of a tank car that had overturned on a highway. One officer experienced upper and lower respiratory tract symptoms with chest tightness about 4.5 hours after initial exposure. Shortness of breath, cough, and wheezing were noted the following day. The other experienced symptoms immediately on exposure, developed shortness of breath 20 minutes later, and presented with wheezing four hours after that. Follow up examinations over seven years showed persistence of respiratory symptoms and continuation of airway hyperreactivity requiring treatment.
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PMID:Persistent reactive airway dysfunction syndrome after exposure to toluene diisocyanate. 215 72

Respiratory symptoms and function were examined in a random sample of 181 farmers (124 pig farmers and 57 dairy farmers) with a mean age of 43 years. Wheezing and shortness of breath during work in the animal house were significantly associated with pig farming (odds ratio 11.4), current smoking (odds ratio 2.2), bronchial hyperreactivity (odds ratio 3.8), and low FEV1 (odds ratio 3.4). Pig farmers had a slightly lower FEV1 than dairy farmers (101% versus 104% predicted, NS). Symptomatic farmers had significantly lower FEV1 than symptomless farmers (93% versus 106% predicted). A multiple linear regression analysis of the cross sectional values of FEV1 showed that there was a decline in FEV1 associated with pig farming (-12 ml/year of pig farming) and smoking (-23 ml/pack year) in addition to the age related decline of 32 ml/year. A multiple linear regression analysis of PC20 histamine showed that bronchial reactivity increased with age, number of pack years, and number of years in pig farming. Work in closed pig rearing units is a pulmonary health hazard and causes decline in lung function.
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PMID:Relation between respiratory symptoms, type of farming, and lung function disorders in farmers. 228 23

We report on the distress associated with physical symptoms in 761 male hypertensive patients enrolled in a clinical trial of the effects of captopril, methyldopa or propranolol on quality of life. Educational level at entry into the trial showed a negative association with a series of physical symptom distress items among patients not previously treated with antihypertensive medications but no association with symptoms among the previously treated. Over the 24 weeks of therapy captopril as monotherapy was associated with no change from baseline in distress in all symptoms examined. In contrast, distress increased in the methyldopa treated patients for dry mouth and blurred vision. Propranolol treated patients had increased "trouble getting breath," bradycardia, shortness of breath or wheezing, and blurred vision. Between group comparisons revealed significant differences favorably comparing captopril to both methyldopa and propranolol in regard to fatigue, and blurred vision, as well as to methyldopa alone for dry mouth and "feeling worn out." There were significant differences as well between captopril and propranolol with patients on propranolol worsening in bradycardia. Other comparisons of patients on propranolol and methyldopa monotherapy showed propranolol patients worsening in bradycardia and loss of taste, but methyldopa patients reported more dry mouth and feeling worn out than those on propranolol. The addition of hydrochlorothiazide to therapy worsened total physical symptom distress scores for methyldopa and propranolol patients. This study confirms the value of methods which assess the degree of distress associated with symptoms commonly reported by hypertensive patients receiving antihypertensive medications. This approach can be useful in establishing a treatment regimen least likely to cause distress and can be of value in preserving quality of life, preventing noncompliance, and withdrawal from treatment.
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PMID:Self-reported side effects from antihypertensive drugs. A clinical trial. Quality of Life Research Group. 240 65


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