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Query: UMLS:C0392680 (shortness of breath)
 5,217 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A new self administered questionnaire completed by parents was used to study the prevalences of wheeze, shortness of breath, and cough in 2503 Southampton schoolchildren aged 7 and 11 together with exacerbating factors and background information including treatment and diagnosis. The questionnaire had a response rate of 84% and was found to be highly repeatable with respect to current symptoms. The overall prevalences of wheeze and shortness of breath in the current year (1986) were 12.1% and 8.5% respectively. Social class, home ownership, parental smoking, and presence of a family pet were unrelated to symptom prevalence. According to the parents the overall diagnosis rate for asthma was 9.5%. In common with other studies, however, we found considerable evidence for undertreatment. The symptoms of wheeze and nocturnal and morning breathlessness occurred more commonly in boys, but this sex ratio decreased with increasing age. The prevalences of wheeze and shortness of breath were similar in the two age groups. In contrast, there were only small differences between the sexes with respect to cough whereas, among children without wheeze or shortness of breath, there was a fall in the prevalence of cough from 18.9% at 7 years to 8.7% at 11 years. When controlling for the other respiratory symptoms, wheeze was the only symptom significantly related to parental asthma. The fall in the prevalence of cough between the two age groups is unlikely to be related to changes in asthma prevalence and, when not associated with wheeze, may be an indicator of separate pathology.
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PMID:Prevalence of respiratory symptoms among 7 and 11 year old schoolchildren and association with asthma. 278 26

A population survey was conducted in 1982-1983 among 3,812 persons aged 65 years and older residing in East Boston, Massachusetts, a geographically defined urban community. Three measurements of peak expiratory flow rate were obtained by using calibrated mini-Wright meters. Peak expiratory flow rate was strongly related to age, sex, smoking, and years smoked. After adjustment for these factors, low peak expiratory flow rate was associated with chronic respiratory symptoms (cough, wheeze, shortness of breath, exertional dyspnea, orthopnea, and paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea; p less than 0.0001) and with certain cardiovascular variables (history of stroke, p = 0.0014; angina, p = 0.05; and high pulse rate, p = 0.004). No significant associations were found with history of myocardial infarction or systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Peak expiratory flow rate was positively related to education (p less than 0.0001) and income (p less than 0.0001). Peak expiratory flow rate also was strongly related (p less than 0.0001) to measures of functional ability and physical activity, self-assessment of health, and simple measures of cognitive function. The correlations of peak expiratory flow rate with pulmonary symptoms and other indices of chronic disease raise the possibility that peak expiratory flow rate will predict mortality in an elderly population.
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PMID:Peak expiratory flow rate in an elderly population. 278 11

The patient was a 61-year-old female, complaining of cyanosis, dyspnea and shortness of breath on exertion. She was diagnosed as having a pulmonary arteriovenous fistula (PAVF) in combination with mitral stenosis. The fistula was located in the left lower lobe and a right-left shunt of 28.7% was detected. Cardiac catheterization showed a pulmonary artery pressure of 44/22 mmHg (mean pressure, 31 mmHg). By occluding the PAVF using a balloon catheter, PaO2 increased from 47 mmHg to 88 mmHg. The mitral stenosis of this patient was though to be a mild form, and PAVF seemed to be responsible for symptoms. Since left lobectomy together with mitral valve replacement was considered to have a high risk, left lower lobectomy was performed initially. Thereafter mitral valve replacement was done successfully. Separate operations for PAVF and mitral stenosis are likely to be beneficial in patients with mitral stenosis associated with moderate pulmonary hypertension.
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PMID:[A case of pulmonary arteriovenous fistula with mitral stenosis]. 279 1

We report an unusual neurologic complication of herpes zoster. After thoracic herpes zoster, our patient complained of severe shortness of breath as a result of myoclonus of the abdominal muscles as documented by electromyography. The myoclonus resulted in repetitive interruption of expiratory air flow, resulting in shortness of breath and a staccato speech. This case demonstrates the need to evaluate the function of all the respiratory muscles in a patient complaining of dyspnea.
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PMID:Respiratory muscle dysfunction after herpes zoster. 293 14

Two postal questionnaire surveys were carried out among the adult population of Southampton aimed at clarifying the diagnostic criteria for asthma (study 1) and at testing the validity of symptoms so identified as diagnostic of bronchial hyper-reactivity (study 2). The questionnaires asked about respiratory symptoms and included three questions thought likely to disclose increased bronchial reactivity. Laboratory measurements on subsamples of respondents included spirometry and bronchial challenge with increasing doses of histamine till a concentration was reached provoking a fall of more than 20% (PC greater than 20) in forced expiratory volume in one second. In the first study no normal subject (that is, one who did not report shortness of breath or wheezing on the questionnaire) had a PC greater than 20 below 0.5 g/l. Of 51 subjects who reported shortness of breath or wheezing, or both, nine had a cluster of abnormalities consisting of one or more symptoms of bronchial irritability, nocturnal dyspnoea, and prolonged morning tightness together with PC greater than 20 values of 0.5 g/l or less. These symptoms in conjunction with a low PC greater than 20 were termed the bronchial irritability syndrome. In the second study bronchial challenge confirmed the close association of these symptoms with bronchial hyper-reactivity, all other subjects being less reactive to histamine. Only 27% of subjects with symptoms of the bronchial irritability syndrome had been diagnosed as asthmatic by their general practitioners. The bronchial irritability syndrome is a definable entity for epidemiological study and patient care.
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PMID:Respiratory symptoms and bronchial reactivity: identification of a syndrome and its relation to asthma. 309 1

Six patients receiving CDDP, MMC, and CPM chemotherapy for adjuvant chemotherapy after a resection due to lung cancer developed interstitial pneumonia. They were re-admitted for dyspnea, shortness of breath, and dry cough from 80 to 118 days from start of their treatment. On re-admission, their chest radiographs showed reticular infiltrates, and their laboratory data showed severe hypoxemia. The pathological findings of a transbronchial lung biopsy showed a thickening of the alveolar septa. Steroid therapy resulted in a complete resolution in one patient and a partial resolution the 5 others. One year later, two patients had died, one patient remains in complete resolution, but a shortness of breath still exists in the remaining three patients. Considering the disadvantages of that shortness of breath can cause to daily life, we should be more cautious about administering antineoplastic agents for adjuvant chemotherapy to patients with a cancer in an early stage.
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PMID:[Interstitial pneumonia after CMC (CDDP, MMC, CPM) therapy]. 312 31

To evaluate available clinical methods (self ratings and questionnaire) for rating dyspnea, we (1) compared scores from the recently developed baseline dyspnea index (BDI) with the Medical Research Council (MRC) scale and the oxygen-cost diagram (OCD) in 153 patients with various respiratory diseases who sought medical care for shortness of breath; and (2) evaluated the relationships between dyspnea scores and standard measures of physiologic lung function in the same patients. The dyspnea scores were all significantly correlated (r = 0.48 to 0.70; p less than 0.001). Agreement between two observers or with repeated use was satisfactory with all three clinical rating methods. The BDI showed the highest correlations with physiologic measurements. Dyspnea scores were most highly related to spirometric values (r = 0.78; p less than 0.001) for patients with asthma, maximal respiratory pressures (r = 0.34 and 0.35; p less than 0.001) for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and PImax (r = 0.51; p = 0.01) and FVC (r = 0.44; p = 0.03) for those with interstitial lung disease. These results show that: (1) the BDI, MRC scale, and OCD provide significantly related measures of dyspnea; (2) the clinical ratings of dyspnea correlate significantly with physiologic parameters of lung function; and (3) breathlessness may be related to the pathophysiology of the specific respiratory disease. The clinical rating of dyspnea may provide quantitative information complementary to measurements of lung function.
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PMID:Evaluation of clinical methods for rating dyspnea. 334 69

In 44 patients with supraventricular arrhythmias various pacemakers were studied after closed-chest ablation of the atrioventricular conduction system. There were 22 patients with a rate-programmable VVI pacemaker (Group I), 15 patients with an activity mode (ACTIVITRAX 8400) (Group II) and seven patients with a QT-mode pacemaker (QUINTECH 911) (Group III). To study both physical work capacity and heart-rate behaviour, exercise testing was performed using a treadmill. Sixteen patients in Group I (72.7%) complained of shortness of breath during exercise in comparison to four patients (26.7%) in Group II and three patients (42.9%) in Group III. Normal physical work capacity was observed in three of 22 patients (13.6%) in Group I and in all patients in Groups II and III. The heart rate both increased and decreased more rapidly at the onset and end of the stress test, respectively, in patients with activity-mode compared to patients with QT-mode pacing systems. These data show that, despite successful His-bundle ablation, both dyspnea and decreased work capacity are observed when VVI pacemakers are used. In contrast, the use of rate-responsive pacing systems leads to better cardiac performance.
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PMID:Rate-responsive pacing as compared to fixed-rate VVI pacing in patients after ablation of the atrioventricular conduction system. 340 94

In a longitudinal population study, 855 men, born in 1913 and initially examined when 50 years old, were followed for 17 years with measurements of dyspnoea and other variables performed at ages 50, 54, and 67 years. In addition a sample of 226 men born in 1923 was followed from 50 to 57 years of age. At the latest examination, four different methods for measuring dyspnoea were used, one based on questionnaire, one on interview, and two on visual analogue scales. The estimates from these methods were highly intercorrelated, and correlated with measures of cardiopulmonary function as well. The prevalence of dyspnoea grade 2 (shortness of breath when walking with someone of the same age on the level) or more, not counting the mildest form of dyspnoea in these populations, was 2.8%, 3.0%, 5.2% and 10.3% at 50, 54, 57 and 67 years of age, respectively. Dyspnoea grade 1 (shortness of breath when walking quickly on the level or uphill) was less well related to age. A scoring system to differentiate various possible causes of dyspnoea was applied. About one third of the dyspnoeic men had signs and symptoms of cardiac disease, one quarter had pulmonary disease, and a quarter had a combination of both causes. The remaining 20% had no signs or symptoms indicating cardiopulmonary disease but in the majority of the cases other plausible causes were found.
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PMID:Dyspnoea in a cross-sectional and a longitudinal study of middle-aged men: the Study of Men Born in 1913 and 1923. 349 19

This report describes the clinical and pulmonary function manifestations found in a 37-yr-old commercial abalone diver who developed diffuse lipoid pneumonitis due to inhalation of aerosolized mineral oil contained in the unfiltered air generated from his surface air compressor. Four years later, the patient continued to be symptomatic with shortness of breath and dyspnea during exertion, and repeat physiologic evaluation continued to demonstrate findings of a restrictive ventilatory defect.
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PMID:Lipoid pneumonitis in a commercial abalone diver. 368 44


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