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Query: UMLS:C0392680 (shortness of breath)
 5,217 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Four cases of acute laryngeal fracture that demonstrate the history and clinical findings characteristic of blunt laryngotracheal trauma are presented. Symptoms in these patients included shortness of breath, neck pain, dysphasia, dysphonia, and hemoptysis. Physical examination findings suggesting acute laryngeal injury included pain on palpation of neck, swelling or edema of the neck, subcutaneous emphysema, and loss of landmarks in the neck. All four patients were admitted to the surgical intensive care unit and had the diagnosis of laryngeal fracture confirmed at laryngoscopy. Airway obstruction is a potential complication in all patients sustaining blunt laryngotracheal trauma. Early diagnosis and management may lead to a good outcome, as with these four patients.
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PMID:Blunt laryngotracheal trauma. 372 9

A case of spontaneous pneumomediastinum with cervical emphysema is reported. Spontaneous pneumomediastinum may complicate processes that decrease pulmonary interstitial pressure or increase intraalveolar pressure leading to alveolar rupture. Free air may then tract along blood vessels and decompress into the soft tissues of the neck. Clinical symptoms include neck and chest pain, dysphonia, and shortness of breath. Care is supportive unless the patient has a history of trauma or foreign body aspiration. Symptoms typically resolve within days.
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PMID:Spontaneous pneumomediastinum. 830 30

Spontaneous medialstinal emphysema (pneumomediastinum) and pneumopericardium may be defined as the presence of free air or gas in the mediastinal structures and in the pericardial sac without an apparent precipitating cause. It most frequently occurs in young healthy adults without serious underlying pulmonary disease. Although pneumomediastinum and pneumopericardium is often asymptomatic, it may cause pain in the neck and chest, dysphonia and shortness of breath. Treatment is supportive unless the patient has a history of trauma from foreign body aspiration. The course of spontaneous pneumomediastinum and pneumopericardium is usually benign and self-limited. A case of spontaneous pneumomediastinum, pneumopericardium and subcutaneous emphysema in a 20-year-old male is reported in this paper.
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PMID:A case of spontaneous pneumomediastinum and pneumopericardium in a young adult. 1176 80

Paradoxical vocal cord motion (PVCM) is an uncommon disease characterized by vocal cord adduction during inspiration and/or expiration. It can create shortness of breath, wheezing, respiratory stridor, or breathy dysphonia. Possible etiological factors include asthma, underlying psychologic condition, gastroesophageal acid reflux disease, respiratory irritants exposure, central neurologic diseases, viral upper airway infections, and postsurgical procedures. Many treatment modalities were performed for acute attack of PVCM, including reassurance and onsite maneuvers, benzodiazepines, heliox, and so forth. We report a patient with PVCM who had stridor and dyspnea for 10 days and responded to intravenous haloperidol treatment.
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PMID:Paradoxical vocal cord motion--haloperidol usage in acute attack treatment. 1981 5

Vocal process avulsion is a rare condition in which laryngeal trauma causes a separation of the vocal process from the body of the arytenoid cartilage. Typically symptoms are dysphonia and shortness of breath during phonation. Strobovideolaryngoscopy, laryngeal electromyography, and laryngeal computed tomography are helpful in establishing this important and sometimes elusive diagnosis. Several treatment modalities have been reported with varying success. We report four new cases, review four cases reported previously by the senior author, and suggest approaches to diagnosis and optimal treatment of vocal process avulsion.
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PMID:Vocal process avulsion. 2058 May 28

A polytrauma patient on ventilator was admitted to ICU with open tracheostomy, GCS 8/15 and unequal pupils. After 10 days, he was weaned from the ventilator. The patient had respiratory problems i.e. expiratory stridor, shortness of breath, dysphonia and dyspnea on closing tracheostomy. It was diagnosed as a case of asthma, and the patient responded to salbutamol nebulization and intravenous steroid therapy. However, after some time, he desaturated and a plan for rapid sequence intubation was made. Endotracheal tube could not be negotiated beyond vocal cords, so an unprepared tracheostomy without proper equipment had to be immediately done by an anesthetist to save the patient's life. CT scan revealed tracheal stenosis. This case demonstrates that patients with a short 15-days history of previous tracheostomy may have tracheal stenosis.
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PMID:A rare early complication of tracheostomy. 2204 80

Laryngeal haemangioma is commonly seen in children. Adult laryngeal haemangiomas are rare and usually involve the supraglottic region. Most common symptom includes dysphagia, dysphonia and shortness of breath. Detailed history, fiberoptic laryngoscopy and computerized scanning may suggest benign nature of the lesion but diagnosis is only confirmed by a biopsy. In comparison to infantile haemangiomas which usually respond to propronolol, the treatment of adult laryngeal haemangiomas is always surgical removal. We present a case report of a supraglottic haemangioma in an adult male, who was treated surgically without any complications.
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PMID:Adult laryngeal haemangioma; a rare entity. 2275 85

Anterior cervical osteophytes are common and usually asymptomatic in elderly people. Due to mechanical compressions, inflammations, and tissues swelling of osteophytes, patients may be presented with multiple complications, such as dysphagia, dysphonia, dyspnea, and pulmonary aspiration. Paradoxical vocal cord motion is an uncommon disease characterized by vocal cord adductions during inspiration and/or expiration. This condition can create shortness of breath, wheezing, respiratory stridor or breathy dysphonia. We report a rare case demonstrating combined symptoms of dyspnea, dysphonia as well as dysphagia at the same time in a patient with asymptomatic anterior cervical osteophytes. Moreover, this is the first report demonstrating that anterior osteophytes can be a possible etiological factor for paradoxical vocal cord motion that induces serious respiratory symptoms.
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PMID:Anterior cervical osteophytes causing Dysphagia and paradoxical vocal cord motion leading to dyspnea and dysphonia. 2423 61

Cystic fibrosis is a common autosomal recessive disorder with drastic respiratory symptoms, including shortness of breath and chronic cough. While most of cystic fibrosis treatment is dedicated to mitigating the effects of respiratory dysfunction, the potential effects of this disease on vocal parameters have not been systematically studied. We hypothesized that cystic fibrosis patients, given their characteristic respiratory disorders, would also present dysphonic symptoms. Given that voice disorders can severely impair quality of life, the identification of a potential cystic fibrosis-related dysphonia could be of great value for the clinical evaluation and treatment of this disease. We tested our hypothesis by measuring vocal parameters, using both objective physical measures and the GRBAS subjective evaluation method, in male and female cystic fibrosis patients undergoing conventional treatment and compared them to age and sex matched controls. We found that cystic fibrosis patients had a significantly lower vocal intensity and harmonic to noise ratio, as well as increased levels of jitter and shimmer. In addition, cystic fibrosis patients also showed higher scores of roughness, breathiness and asthenia, as well as a significantly altered general grade of dysphonia. When we segregated the results according to sex, we observed that, as a group, only female cystic fibrosis patients had significantly lower values of harmonic to noise ratio and an abnormal general grade of dysphonia in relation to matched controls, suggesting that cystic fibrosis exerts a more pronounced effect on vocal parameters of women in relation to men. Overall, the dysphonic characteristics of CF patients can be explained by dysfunctions in vocal fold movement and partial upper airway obstruction, potentially caused by the accumulation of mucus and chronic cough characteristic of CF symptomatology. Our results show that CF patients exhibit significant dysphonia and suggest they may potentially benefit from voice therapy as a parallel treatment strategy.
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PMID:Voice disorder in cystic fibrosis patients. 2479 91

Adult laryngeal hemangiomas are rare and mainly involve the supraglottic region. Most common symptoms include dysphagia, dysphonia, shortness of breath and occasionally recurrent bleeding which sometimes cause a diagnostic dilemma for pulmonologists and head and neck surgeons. There is no consensus about the most appropriate treatment modality for laryngeal hemangiomas. We present a case of supraglottic hemangioma in an adult female, which was diagnosed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy and coagulated by Argon plasma coagulation (APC) with no complication.
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PMID:Supraglottic Hemangioma as a Rare Cause of Recurrent Hemoptysis: A New Treatment Modality with Argon Plasma Coagulation (APC). 2550 77


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