Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0392674 (exhaustion)
 13,658 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The blood pressure (BP) response during a maximal ergometer bicycle test was studied in 190 apparently healthy subjects (95 men and 95 women) aged 21-70 years. The starting load was 50 W and was increased by 50 W every 4 min until exhaustion. Mean physical performance expressed as cumulative work was 2276 +/- 789 W in men and 1109 +/- 276 W in women (P less than 0.0001). The maximum heart rate was similar in men and women and declined significantly with age (r = -0.78, P less than 0.001 for men and r = -0.64, P less than 0.0001 for women). The mean maximal systolic blood pressure (MSBP) was 193 +/- 23 mmHg in men and 171 +/- 21 mmHg in women (P less than 0.0001). Men aged greater than or equal to 50 years had a MSBP of 201 +/- 22 mmHg, compared to 188 +/- 22 mmHg in those aged less than 50 years (P less than 0.01). Women aged greater than or equal to 60 years had a MSBP of 190 +/- 21 mmHg compared to 166 +/- 19 mmHg in their younger counterparts (P less than 0.001). The diastolic BP showed a similar modest increase at all ages and in both sexes. SBP is dependent on age and gender and this must be taken into consideration when assessing a normal response in individual patients.
 ...
PMID:Blood pressure response during maximal exercise in apparently healthy men and women. 231 23

Arm ergometry exercise testing is a valuable alternative method used in the evaluation and management of patients with both cardiac disease and lower limb impairment. The purpose of this study is to provide information concerning the physiologic responses of normal healthy subjects to arm ergometry relative to age and gender, which could serve as a standard for comparison. Eighty healthy subjects (age 22 to 59 years) cycled at 75 to 80 rpm (on a bicycle adapted for arm ergometry) starting at a power output of 10 W, increasing at 10 W/2 min until exhaustion. Sixty subjects were classified on the basis of age into three groups, each with 10 men and 10 women. Men achieved significantly (p less than 0.001) higher power output (95 +/- 25 W) and oxygen consumption (20.7 +/- 3.9 ml/kg per min) than did women (56 +/- 19 W and 15.5 +/- 3.1 ml/kg per min, respectively). The heart rate response to total body oxygen demand during arm ergometry was significantly higher in women than in men (p less than 0.001). These findings were also present when men and women of each age group were analyzed separately. Older subjects reached a significantly (p less than 0.02) lower peak power output than did younger subjects although they reached a similar level of oxygen consumption. Separate regression equations for predicting oxygen consumption at each power output were formulated for men and women and validated in 20 other subjects. Small differences in measured and predicted oxygen consumption at each stage were found. These data provide additional information concerning arm ergometry testing and should prove useful in diagnostic exercise testing and cardiac rehabilitation.
 ...
PMID:Physiologic responses to arm ergometry exercise relative to age and gender. 235 88

We evaluated 74 peripheral vascular disease (PVD) patients (54 men, age 61 +/- 7 years and 17 women, age 63 +/- 7 years) for potential coronary heart disease (CAD) using an arm exercise test (AET) protocol. All patients performed upright two-arm cranking using discontinuous stages of 2 minutes of exercise separated by 2 minutes of rest. Exercise intensity was increased by +100 or 200 kpm (kilopond meters) with each stage. ECG was monitored continuously and blood pressure and 12-lead ECG tracings were obtained at the end of each exercise stage. All patients reached an endpoint of subjective exhaustion. Men achieved 91 +/- 14% of age-predicted heart rate at 597 +/- 167 kpm, while women achieved 86 +/- 14% of age-predicted heart rate at 335 +/- 117 kpm. Ischemic ECG responses (+AET) defined as new or additional ST depression greater than 1.0 mm X 80 ms, occurred in 35 men (65%) and 7 women (42%). Coronary angiography was performed in a subset of 22 patients (15 males and 7 females). CAD (greater than 70% stenosis) was found in 11 of 12 men and 4 of 5 women who showed positive or strongly positive AET responses (overall predictive value for AET = 88%). We conclude that arm exercise stress testing is safely performed in PVD patients who cannot complete treadmill exercise. In this limited series of PVD patients, the predictive value of a +AET response for diagnosis of CAD is similar to established values for treadmill exercise.
 ...
PMID:Arm exercise testing for coronary artery disease in patients with peripheral vascular disease. 289 61

The care of elderly relatives with dementia is not any longer a job exclusively done by women nevertheless the care for three quarters of patients is mainly provided by women. This study comprises 70 persons consulting the "Alzheimer Advice Centre" in Leipzig. The aim was to examine the difference between nursing men and women with regard to the way they experience their situation. Independent of sex nursing persons experience their job as a strain. Especially spouses suffer from depressive disorders, states of exhaustion and pain in arms and legs. Nursing spouses differ in their ways of coping with regard to their sex. Wives experience the symptoms of dementia and the limitation of personal freedom as stressing whereas husbands pick out as a central theme the worries about their wives. Men use instrumental support in the nursing situation more often than wives. Altogether mainly women provide care. Sometimes they even take care of several persons. Therefore the resulting strains and limitations are to be regarded as special problems of women.
 ...
PMID:["I never feel free"--women care for the demented husband, father or mother]. 901 54

A decline in economy of mobility indicates that more physical work is required for a task (ie., walking) and may suggest an abnormal gait pattern. A normal gait pattern is essential for maintaining independence in older adults. The purpose of this study was to compare economy of mobility between sedentary older men and women. The subjects were 47 men (mean +/- SD; age = 71 +/- 4 years, weight = 83 +/- 8 kg, height = 175 +/- 7 cm) and 51 women (70 +/- 3 years, 65 +/- 8 kg, 161 +/- 5 cm). Men were significantly (p < 0.05) older, heavier, and taller than women. Maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) was collected while subjects walked on a treadmill until volitional exhaustion. On a separate day, a submaximal test was performed at one speed requiring approximately 60% of VO2max on a level treadmill for 5 minutes. Men had significantly greater absolute and relative VO2max than women. Men walked at a significantly faster speed (92 +/- 8 vs. 86 +/- 7 m/min) than women during the submaximal test. Economy of mobility was the same for older men and women (0.17 +/- 0.02 ml/kg/m) with differences in walking speed controlled. The results indicate that there is not a gender-specific decrement in economy of mobility with aging.
 ...
PMID:Economy of mobility in older adults. 924 4

The medical complications of heat disorders, including haematological, cardiovascular and renal damage, have been well documented. However, very little has been written on its neurological complications. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of heat exhaustion on postural stability and neurobehavioral functions of men. The study is prospective in design and spans a 3-year period. All soldiers who were diagnosed to have heat exhaustion (cases) from 1 March 1998 to 31 August 1998 were included in the study. For each case, a healthy soldier (matched for age, ethnicity, years of education and military vocation) was recruited to serve as control. Each subject had a neurobehavioral assessment by using the Swedish Performance Evaluation System (SPES), a computerized test battery. The postural stability of the subjects was assessed using a computerized postural sway system. Findings for 37 heat exhaustion cases and 37 controls revealed that cases had a significantly higher prevalence of neurasthenia symptoms compared to the controls. There were significant (small) differences between the cases and controls in the neurobehavioral tests of choice reaction time, digit span and some parts of colour word stress and logical series measures. Postural stability in the cases was significantly poorer when in the "eyes-closed" condition, compared with the controls. Men with heat exhaustion, studied 2 weeks after the acute episode, had significantly more symptoms of neurasthenia, poorer performance in short-term memory and slower reaction time. The cases (as a group) had significantly poorer postural stability.
 ...
PMID:Postural stability and neurobehavioural effects of heat exhaustion among adult men. 1179 34

Chad was used as an example of how women and children were the most affected during national and international conflicts. The conditions of women before and during the conflict were described. Chad has been a country involved in a war provoked by psychological differences between the way of life, economic activity, and culture of Arab Muslims who are nomadic pastoralists, and Animist and Christian farmers. The important year was 1979, when the country was torn apart by civil war. Women before the conflict were part of a patriarchal society of men heading households and sole producers for the family. One decision maker controlled family matters: the man. Men also possessed all household goods. Women were biological and social producers, and value was placed on having large numbers of children. Muslim women lived in seclusion. Married women, who engaged in commercial activity, were mocked and exposed their husbands to the humiliation of not being able to provide sufficiently for the family. Between 1979 and 1982, many men were exiled to other countries nearby, which sometimes meant the abandonment of women and children. The remaining men were limited in their ability to earn money, and reverted to fishing, farming, and hunting. Gender relations changed. Survival strategies were developed, such as women working as domestics or selling products. Petty trading and agricultural and market gardening enterprises were flourishing. Women learned skills in dressmaking, embroidery, or knitting. Sometimes long distances were traveled in order to secure income. Women set up their own banking system with a system of "tontines" or savings cooperatives. The war's impact was to disrupt social and private life, which allowed women to enter the public domain and contribute to economic security. The downside of the conflict was the toll in human life and poverty for vast numbers of women and children. The physical, financial, and psychological exhaustion helped to create an awareness of women's essential role in the survival of their families and communities.
 ...
PMID:Conflict and the women of Chad. 1234 11

This study examined the force production characteristics, activation/coactivation and endurance capacity of the neck extension and flexion muscles in healthy men (n=29) and women (n=28) divided into three age groups (18-26 years, 30-37 years and 45-55 years). Force and electromyography (EMG) measurements were performed during the maximal voluntary isometric extension and flexion actions. This was followed by an endurance test (ET; 60% force level of maximal voluntary contraction sustained until exhaustion), after which the force and EMG recordings were repeated. Men were both stronger and had higher values (P<0.001) for explosive force (rate of force development, RFD) than women in both actions. Younger subjects of both genders exhibited larger (P<0.05 in women) RFD values than older subjects in extension. The coactivation of the antagonist muscles during the maximal extension or flexion did not differ significantly between men and women, but the coactivation of the antagonists was larger (P<0.05) in the older age groups than in the youngest group. Women maintained the 60% force level longer than men in both actions (extension, P<0.001; flexion, not significant). The fatiguing loading led to significant decreases in maximal isometric force (P<0.001) and RFD (P<0.01-0.001), but these relative decreases did not differ between the groups. In conclusion, large gender differences in the voluntary extension and flexion force production characteristics of the neck muscles did exist, as reported earlier for other muscles of the body. No age-related differences were observed in maximal force of the extension and flexion actions within the age ranges of the subject groups studied here, but the older subjects exhibited greater coactivation and produced lower force values in the early portions of the force/time curve of the extension than the youngest group. The data indicate that explosive force production may be sensitive to aging earlier than maximal strength in the case of the neck extensor muscles.
 ...
PMID:Maximal force, force/time and activation/coactivation characteristics of the neck muscles in extension and flexion in healthy men and women at different ages. 1245 68

The aim of the present study was to establish fat oxidation rates over a range of exercise intensities in a large group of healthy men and women. It was hypothesised that exercise intensity is of primary importance to the regulation of fat oxidation and that gender, body composition, physical activity level, and training status are secondary and can explain part of the observed interindividual variation. For this purpose, 300 healthy men and women (157 men and 143 women) performed an incremental exercise test to exhaustion on a treadmill [adapted from a previous protocol (Achten J, Venables MC, and Jeukendrup AE. Metabolism 52: 747-752, 2003)]. Substrate oxidation was determined using indirect calorimetry. For each individual, maximal fat oxidation (MFO) and the intensity at which MFO occurred (Fat(max)) were determined. On average, MFO was 7.8 +/- 0.13 mg.kg fat-free mass (FFM)(-1).min(-1) and occurred at 48.3 +/- 0.9% maximal oxygen uptake (Vo(2 max)), equivalent to 61.5 +/- 0.6% maximal heart rate. MFO (7.4 +/- 0.2 vs. 8.3 +/- 0.2 mg.kg.FFM(-1).min(-1); P < 0.01) and Fat(max) (45 +/- 1 vs. 52 +/- 1% Vo(2 max); P < 0.01) were significantly lower in men compared with women. When corrected for FFM, MFO was predicted by physical activity (self-reported physical activity level), Vo(2 max), and gender (R(2) = 0.12) but not with fat mass. Men compared with women had lower rates of fat oxidation and an earlier shift to using carbohydrate as the dominant fuel. Physical activity, Vo(2 max), and gender explained only 12% of the interindividual variation in MFO during exercise, whereas body fatness was not a predictor. The interindividual variation in fat oxidation remains largely unexplained.
 ...
PMID:Determinants of fat oxidation during exercise in healthy men and women: a cross-sectional study. 1533 16

The number of elderly people is growing in western populations, but only few maximal performance data exist for people >75 years, in particular for European octogenarians. This study was performed to characterize maximal performance of 55 independently living subjects (32 women, 81.1 +/- 3.4 years; 23 men, 81.7 +/- 2.9 years) with a focus on sex differences. Maximal performance was determined in a ramp test to exhaustion on a bicycle ergometer with ergospirometry, electrocardiogram and blood lactate measurements. Maximal isometric extension strength of the legs (MEL) was measured on a force platform in a seated position. Body composition was quantified by X-ray absorptiometry. In >25% of the subjects, serious cardiac abnormalities were detected during the ramp test with men more frequently being affected than women. Maximal oxygen consumption and power output were 18.2 +/- 3.2 versus 25.9 +/- 5.9 ml min(-1) kg(-1) and 66 +/- 12 versus 138 +/- 40 W for women versus men, with a significant sex difference for both parameters. Men outperformed women for MEL with 19.0 +/- 3.8 versus 13.6 +/- 3.3 N kg(-1). Concomitantly, we found a higher proportion of whole body fat in women (32.1 +/- 6.2%) compared to men (20.5 +/- 4.4%). Our study extends previously available maximal performance data for endurance and strength to independently living European octogenarians. As all sex-related differences were still apparent after normalization to lean body mass, it is concluded that it is essential to differentiate between female and male subjects when considering maximal performance parameters in the oldest segment of our population.
 ...
PMID:Biologically relevant sex differences for fitness-related parameters in active octogenarians. 1721 73


1 2 3 Next >>