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Query: UMLS:C0392674 (exhaustion)
 13,658 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The oxygen uptake (VO2) attained during a constant speed 800-m pace trial on a treadmill is less than the maximal VO2 (VO2max) in male middle-distance runners with a high VO2max (i.e., > 65 ml x kg (-1) x min (-1)). We therefore investigated whether the VO2 attained was influenced by the pacing strategy adopted. Eight male middle-distance runners (age 25.8 +/- 3.3 years; height 1.78 +/- 0.10 m; mass 67.8 +/- 4.7 kg) with a personal best 800-m time of 112.0 +/- 3.3 s volunteered to participate. Subjects undertook a speed ramped progressive test to determine VO2max and three 800-m pace runs to exhaustion all in a randomised order. The three 800-m pace runs included constant speed, acceleration, and race simulation runs. Oxygen uptake was determined throughout each test using 15-s Douglas bag collections. Following the application of a 30-s rolling average, the highest VO2 during the progressive test (i.e., VO2max) and the highest VO2 during the 800-m pace runs (i.e., VO2peak) were compared. For the eight runners, VO2max was 67.2 +/- 4.3 ml x kg (-1) x min (-1) x VO2peak was 60.1 +/- 5.1 ml x kg (-1) x min (-1), 61.1 +/- 5.2 ml x kg (-1) x min (-1), and 62.2 +/- 4.9 ml x kg (-1) x min (-1), yielding values of 89.3 +/- 2.4 %, 90.8 +/- 2.8 %, and 92.5 +/- 3.1 % VO2max for the constant speed, acceleration and race simulation runs, respectively. Across runs, repeated measures ANOVA revealed a significant effect (p = 0.048). Trend analysis identified a significant linear trend (p = 0.025) with the % VO2max attained being higher for the acceleration run than the constant speed run, and higher still for the race simulation run. These results demonstrate that in middle-distance runners a) pacing strategy influences the VO2 attained, with a race simulation run elevating the VO2 attained compared with other pacing strategies, and b) regardless of pacing strategy the VO2 attained in an 800-m pace run on a treadmill is less than VO2max.
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PMID:Influence of pacing strategy on oxygen uptake during treadmill middle-distance running. 1638 40

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the metabolic response and running performance during intermittent graded sprint running were affected by moderate hypobaric hypoxia (H; 2,500 m above sea level) in competitive middle-distance runners. Nine male runners performed intermittent graded sprint running until exhaustion, to evaluate the metabolic response and running performance in H and normobaric normoxia (N). The test constructed of incremental (25 m min(-1)) 20 s running bouts (4 degrees inclination) interspaced with 100 s recovery periods. Maximal running speed was not different between conditions [453 (7) m min(-1) vs. 458 (4) m min(-1) in N vs. H]. V(O2) at each speed was lower in H than N (ANOVA; P < 0.05). Although, oxygen deficit (D(O2)) at each speed was not different between N and H (ANOVA; P = 0.1), total accumulated D(O2) in all bouts was significantly higher in H than N [165 (10) ml kg(-1) in N and 173 (10) ml kg(-1) in H]. The ratio of D(O2).V(O2)(-1) was similar in all bouts, but higher in H than N. These results suggest that intermittent graded sprint running performance is not affected by moderate hypobaria despite a reduction in the energy supplied by aerobic metabolism due to a compensatory increase in the energy supplied by the anaerobic metabolism in competitive middle-distance runners.
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PMID:Metabolic response during intermittent graded sprint running in moderate hypobaric hypoxia in competitive middle-distance runners. 1703 92

We tested the validity of an new methodological approach to the calculation of oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES) [i.e. the use of exercise end-points based on fractions of heart rate reserve (HR(res))], as an alternative to the traditional time-based calculation. Twenty-nine healthy sedentaries >60 years of age (18 males, 11 females) performed an incremental cycling exercise to exhaustion. Respiratory variables and HR were measured breath by breath. Resting and peak variables were calculated and ventilatory threshold (VT) was identified by standard technique. OUES was calculated on 75, 90 and 100% of the incremental exercise data (OUES75, OUES90, OUES100) and on data corresponding to 60 and 80% of the HR(res) (OUES60%HR(res), OUES80%HR(res)). No significant difference (repeated measures ANOVA) was detected between time-based (OUES100, OUES90, OUES75) as well as HR(res)-based measures of OUES (OUES80%HR(res), OUES60%HR(res)). The Bland-Altman analysis revealed a bias not significantly different from 0 (22.0 and 53.3 for OUES80%HR(res)-OUES100 and OUES60%HR(res)-OUES100, respectively), a precision of 171.2 and 289.0 and 95% limits of agreement from -313 to +358 and from -513 to +620 for OUES80%HR(res)-OUES100 and for OUES60%HR(res)-OUES100, respectively. High correlations were detected between (VO(2peak)) and OUES60%(res) and OUES80%HR(res) (r (2) = 0.70 and 0.81, respectively) and between VT and OUES60%(res) and OUES80%HR(res) (r (2) = 0.58 and 0.66, respectively). The main finding of this study is that OUES can be reliably calculated based on HR(res) end-points during incremental cycling exercise, in healthy elderly subjects. Furthermore, our study confirms the validity of OUES as an indicator of aerobic exercise capability in this population.
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PMID:Calculation of oxygen uptake efficiency slope based on heart rate reserve end-points in healthy elderly subjects. 1771 80

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of ingesting JavaFittrade mark Energy Extreme (JEE) on aerobic and anaerobic performance measures in recreationally-active male and female coffee drinkers. Five male (27.6 +/- 4.2 yrs, 93.2 +/- 11.7 kg, 181.6 +/- 6.9 cm) and five female (29 +/- 4.6 yrs, 61.5 +/- 9.2 kg, 167.6 +/- 6.9 cm) regular coffee drinkers (i.e., 223.9 +/- 62.7 mg.d-1 of caffeine) participated in this study. In a cross-over, randomized design, participants performed a baseline (BASELINE) graded treadmill test (GXT) for peak VO2 assessment and a Wingate test for peak power. Approximately 3-4 d following BASELINE testing, participants returned to the lab for the first trial and ingested 354 ml of either JEE or decaffeinated coffee (DECAF), after which they performed a GXT and Wingate test. Criterion measures during the GXT included an assessment of peakVO2 at maximal exercise, as well as VO2 at 3 minutes and 10 minutes post-exercise. Additionally, time-to-exhaustion (TTE), maximal RPE, mean heart rate (HR), mean systolic pressure (SBP), and mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured during each condition. Criterion measures for the Wingate included mean HR, SBP, DBP, peak power, and time to peak power (TTP). Participants then returned to the lab approximately one week later to perform the second trial under the same conditions as the first, except consuming the remaining coffee. Data were analyzed using a one way ANOVA (p < 0.05). Our results indicate that JEE significantly increased VO2 at 3 minutes post-exercise when compared to BASELINE (p = 0.04) and DECAF (p = 0.02) values, which may be beneficial in enhancing post-exercise fat metabolism.
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PMID:Effects of ingesting JavaFit Energy Extreme functional coffee on aerobic and anaerobic fitness markers in recreationally-active coffee consumers. 1806 77

Caregivers of patients with dementia often experience chronic and emotional strains, which may lead to emotional exhaustion and burnout. The objective of this study was to examine the relationships between burnout, depression, and quality of life in home caregivers of patients with dementia. The participants were 84 home caregivers (39 male; 45 female), and they were asked to complete three questionnaires: the Beck Depression Inventory Second Edition (BDI-II), the WHO Quality of Life 26 (WHO-QOL26), and the Pines Burnout Measure (BM). Results from a bivariate correlation showed that BM scores significantly correlated with the scores on BDI-II and WHO-QOL26. Results from ANOVA comparing the level of burnout with the scores on BDI-II and WHO-QOL26 revealed that there were differences between the burnout groups and the scores on BDI-II and WHO-QOL26. The higher levels of burnout were found to correspond to higher levels of depressive symptoms and lower QOL. These findings suggest that caregiver intervention to reduce burnout might benefit from strategies to reduce depression and increase QOL.
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PMID:The experience of burnout among home caregivers of patients with dementia: relations to depression and quality of life. 1870 39

Studies on HPA axis regulation in burnout revealed heterogeneous results, possibly due to different psychometric and endocrine measurements, heterogeneous samples or small sample sizes. In the present study, the relationship between salivary cortisol during the day (four time points: 0700 h, 1130 h, 1730 h, and 2000 h) and burnout as well as vital exhaustion was investigated in a large sample of 279 nurses. Burnout was measured using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), which includes scales for emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. A burnout criterion was assumed to be fulfilled, when any of the MBI scales was above the norm. Subjects with two burnout criterions fulfilled (N=18) were characterized by a higher cortisol release over the day compared to those reporting only one criterion (N=77) or no burnout (N=181) (ANOVA, p=.015). On the other hand, subjects who reported high levels of vital exhaustion did not differ from those who did not report signs of vital exhaustion. These findings provide further evidence for HPA axis dysregulation in burnout.
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PMID:Elevated diurnal salivary cortisol in nurses is associated with burnout but not with vital exhaustion. 1932 Dec 66

The present study examined the impact of motivational music and oudeterous (neutral in terms of motivational qualities) music on endurance and a range of psychophysical indices during a treadmill walking task. Experimental participants (N=30; mean age=20.5 years, SD=1.0 years) selected a program of either pop or rock tracks from artists identified in an earlier survey. They walked to exhaustion, starting at 75% maximal heart rate reserve, under conditions of motivational synchronous music, oudeterous synchronous music, and a no-music control. Dependent measures included time to exhaustion, ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), and in-task affect (both recorded at 2-min intervals), and exercise-induced feeling states. A one-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to analyze time to exhaustion data. Two-way repeated measures (Music Condition ? Trial Point) ANOVAs were used to analyze in-task measures, whereas a one-way repeated measures MANOVA was used to analyze the exercise-induced feeling states data. Results indicated that endurance was increased in both music conditions and that motivational music had a greater ergogenic effect than did oudeterous music (p<.01). In addition, in-task affect was enhanced by motivational synchronous music when compared with control throughout the trial (p<.01). The experimental conditions did not impact significantly (p>.05) upon RPE or exercise-induced feeling states, although a moderate effect size was recorded for the latter (etap2=.09). The present results indicate that motivational synchronous music can elicit an ergogenic effect and enhance in-task affect during an exhaustive endurance task.
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PMID:Psychophysical and ergogenic effects of synchronous music during treadmill walking. 1932 86

This study examined the reliability of an incremental arm ergometry (AE) protocol during peak aerobic power (VO2(peak)) determination in healthy females. Fifteen females completed two incremental AE tests to exhaustion, seven to eleven days apart, using a mechanically braked arm ergometer. The initial work rate was 16W and increased by 16W every two minutes until exhaustion. Significant differences between tests were determined by repeated measures ANOVA, and paired t-tests or Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, where appropriate. Reliability was determined by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), typical error, coefficient of variation (CV) and measurement bias/ratio and 95% limits of agreement (LOA). Peak cardio-respiratory responses were similar between tests, except for tidal volume (1.95 +/-0.47 vs. 1.81 +/- 0.41 L, P<0.05). Reliability for peak variables was moderate to high (ICC=0.659-0.941; CV< or =10%) while LOA were considerable for most variables including VO2(peak) (LOA=0.57 L.min(-1)). Similar peak cardio-respiratory responses, low CV and moderate-high ICC confirmed the reliability of the current incremental AE protocol to be similar to that of prior reported protocols for VO2(peak) determination. Substantial within-participant variability (LOA) for respiratory rate and tidal volume was common during the AE protocol and possibly reflects the influence of respiratory entrainment on reliability that requires further investigation.
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PMID:The reliability of VO2(peak) determination in healthy females during an incremental arm ergometry test. 1945 79

The purpose of this study was to determine whether an isocaloric beverage with added protein and vitamins (CHOPA) would influence oxidative stress and inflammation after cycling to exhaustion as indicated by plasma protein carbonyls (PC), lipid hydroperoxides (LOOH), and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Twelve trained men (18-33 yr) volunteered and performed this randomized crossover study. Participants cycled at 70% VO2peak until fatigue and at 80% VO2peak 22-24 hr later to fatigue with either carbohydrate or CHOPA. Blood collected before the cycling at rest and 24, 48, and 72 hr after the exercise was analyzed for PC and LOOH spectrophotometrically and for IL-6 via an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The data were analyzed with SPSS using repeated-measures ANOVA. PC demonstrated significant treatment (p = .037) and time (p = .004) effects with no Treatment x Time interaction. PC was higher in the CHOPA treatment than with CHO independent of time and increased at 24 (48%), 48 (59%), and 72 (67%) hr after exercise compared with preexercise values. Resting LOOH and IL-6 did not have any significant changes with time or treatment. These data indicate that an isocaloric CHOPA drink after 2 cycling bouts to exhaustion will exacerbate the resting PC level compared with an isocaloric drink, with no influence on plasma LOOH or IL-6. In addition, a modest significant increase in PC over time independent of treatment occurred, which suggests a mild oxidative stress in the days after exhaustive exercise.
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PMID:Protein and antioxidants in an isocaloric carbohydrate drink: effect on plasma oxidative-stress markers and IL-6. 1947 37

An intervention based on conservation of resources theory was conducted in an organization installing new information technology (IT) to enhance participants' psychological resources and thereby reduce anticipated stress and facilitate adjustment to the new IT. Before installation, 218 IT users in 25 units participated in 5 days of technical training; only the randomly assigned experimental group also participated in a "resource workshop." All participants filled out questionnaires before the workshop, 2 weeks later, and 2 months after the IT installation. ANOVA detected a significant increase in users' means efficacy in the experimental group and a decline in the control group. The new IT caused the control users more dissatisfaction and exhaustion, whereas the experimental users were spared these increases in strain, as predicted. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
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PMID:Impact of enhanced resources on anticipatory stress and adjustment to new information technology: a field-experimental test of conservation of resources theory. 1958 18


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