Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0392674 (exhaustion)
 13,658 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The progressive exhaustion of the psychotropic effect of T.R.H. clinical and neuroendocrinological study. The study of a complicated clinical case permitted us to use T.R.H. because of the ineffectiveness of other psychotropic agents the patient (male, aged 38) was given previously. A major and atypical depressive state with severe anorexia was lasting from several months. T.R.H. was administered 3 times per day (at 8 h. 11 h and 14 h) as an intravenous injection of 0.5 mg of T.R.H. lasting 1 min. (total dose per day: 1.5 mg). From the 1st to 7th day the patient showed a market improvement) in the depression symptoms, followed by a light degradation observed from the 7th to 10th day. During a third phase, he showed wild improvement which was maintened stable from the 10th to the 21st day. Then, there was a progressive return to the state prior to T.R.H. period till the 30th day. This phase lasted up to the end of the therapeutic trial of T.R.H. These fluctuations of the depressive state were not found to be correalted with significant plasma-T.R.H. changes and seem to happen when changes in catecholamines and/or serotonin were not observed, according to methods used. Independently of various theoritical approaches concerning the mechanism of psychotropic T.R.H. action, it seems that its effect is exhausted progressively and rapidly.
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PMID:[Progressive exhaustion of the psychotropic effect of T.R.H. Clinical and neuroendocrinologic study]. 82 47

Neurotic depression covers all forms triggered by exogenous factors, often in conjuction with an underlying personality disposition, and includes reactive, exhaustion and neurotic depression. A feeling of sadness and loss of affection is generally present, together with anxiety provoked by insecurity and apprehension. The complexity of the picture makes treatment of the overall situation difficult with one drug only. For this reason, a series of 25 patients aged 31 to 67 yr with syndromes classifiable as neurotic depression were treated with 2 to 6 daily administrations of an association of 25 nortryptiline and 1 mg trifluoperazine. Analysis of the behaviour of a number of target symptoms showed the effectiveness of the association. There were virtually no side-effects. Success was obtained in the management of anxiety, loss of appetite, depression, irritability, weeping, failure to adapt, and remissiveness, especially in the first week of treatment.
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PMID:[Pharmacological treatment of neurotic depressions]. 105 13

Shi-Quan-Da-Bu-Tang (Ten Significant Tonic Decoction), or SQT (Juzentaihoto, TJ-48) was formulated by Taiping Hui-Min Ju (Public Welfare Pharmacy Bureau) in Chinese Song Dynasty in AD 1200. It is prepared by extracting a mixture of ten medical herbs (Rehmannia glutinosa, Paeonia lactiflora, Liqusticum wallichii, Angelica sinesis, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Poria cocos, Atractylodes macrocephala, Panax ginseng. Astragalus membranaceus and Cinnamomum cassia) that tone the blood and vital energy, and strengthen health and immunity. This potent and popular prescription has traditionally been used against anemia, anorexia, extreme exhaustion, fatigue, kidney and spleen insufficiency and general weakness, particularly after illness. In order to restore immunity in cancer patients, potentiate the therapeutic effect and ameliorate adverse toxicity of anticancer agents, 116 Chinese herbal formularies (Kampo) have been screened and evaluated. Fifteen compounds were found to have such actions. Among these, SQT was selected as the most effective as a potent biological response modifier. During the last eight years, animal models and clinical studies have revealed that SQT demonstrates extremely low toxicity (LD50 > 15 g/kg op murine), self-regulatory and synergistic actions of its components in immunomodulatory and immunopotentiating effects (by stimulating hemopoietic factors and interleukins production in association with NK cells, etc.), potentiates therapeutic activity in chemotherapy (mitomycin, cisplatin, cyclophosphamide and fluorouracil) and radiotherapy, inhibits the recurrence of malignancies, prolongs survival, as well as ameliorate and/or prevents adverse toxicities (GI disturbances such as anorexia, nausea, vomiting, hematotoxicity, immunosuppression, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, anemia and nephropathy, etc.) of many anticancer drugs. The application and mechanistic studies of SQT in future development have potential importance in basic and clinical research of the traditional Chinese therapeutic approach of "toning the blood and strengthening Qi (vital energy)" in cancer immunotherapy.
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PMID:Shi-quan-da-bu-tang (ten significant tonic decoction), SQT. A potent Chinese biological response modifier in cancer immunotherapy, potentiation and detoxification of anticancer drugs. 129 61

Between July 1986 and April 1989, 334 hospitalized adult Ethiopian patients with chronic liver disease were studied according to a protocol to define their clinical features and to identify risk factors with the aim of preventive intervention. Of these, 14 had chronic hepatitis, 208 cirrhosis and 112 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Both clinical and histological diagnostic criteria were employed. A detailed questionnaire was used to document demographic and clinical data. A common clinical presentation among patients with chronic hepatitis was darkening of the face and hands with or without hypertrichosis of the face and blisters over the dorsi of the hands. This overt or latent form of porphyrea cutanea tarda (PCT) responds to chloroquine. Patients with cirrhosis of the liver commonly present for the first time with ascites, splenomegaly, haematemesis and/or melena from oesophageal varices, and mental changes due to hepatic encephalopathy. Overt or latent forms of PCT are also common features. Peculiar to these cirrhotics is the rarity of spider naevi, gynaecomastia, testicular atrophy, Dupuytren's contracture, parotid gland enlargement and clubbing of the fingers. Exhaustion, loss of appetite, rapid loss of weight, right upper quadrant and/or epigastric pain (all often of less than 6 months' duration, a big, hard, tender and grossly nodular liver with bruit, signs of portal hypertension, and/or hepatic encephalopathy, in a young male with a rapid down hill course characterize the Ethiopian patient with HCC. Serum anti-nuclear factor, anti-mitochondrial anti-bodies and anti-smooth muscle anti-bodies were absent in those with chronic hepatitis and were uncommon in the cirrhotics and HCC cases. One or more hepatitis B virus markers were found in 86% of chronic hepatitis, 88% cirrhosis and 78% HCC and the HBsAg carrier state was found in 36%, 29% and 23%, respectively. Among the HBsAg carriers, HBeAg positivity was less common than anti-HBe but anti-HDV was significantly higher than in the healthy general population. Alphafetoprotein (AFP) levels greater than 500 mg/ml were present in 16 (8%) cirrhotics and 58 (52%) patients with HCC. Histologically, 3 of the chronic hepatitis patients had progressed to cirrhosis, 8 of the cirrhotic patients had chronic active hepatitis and 85% of HCC cases occurred in a background of macronodular cirrhosis. Three cirrhotics developed HCC during follow-up.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Chronic liver disease in Ethiopia: a clinical study with emphasis on identifying common causes. 131

A 67-year-old Japanese housewife, who had been attended the out patient department of medicine, Fukuoka Dental College (FDC) Hospital for paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, was admitted to FDC Hospital because of high fever, exhaustion, anorexia, myalgia and mild stupor. Her ECG finding revealed atrial fibrillation and roentgenologic examination of the chest showed diffuse opacities in the left lung field (S10) without pleural effusion. As she had told her physician that her pet parakeet had been dead recently, she was diagnosed immediately as psittacosis. She was instantly treated with minocycline orally and deslanoside intravenously. Laboratory findings on admission disclosed the following results: Complement-fixing antibodies against Chlamydia psittaci were 1:64, and liver dysfunction (GOT 253, GPT 86, LDH 846) was shown. The white blood cell count was 4,700 associated with shift to the left, C-reactive protein was 6 plus and the erythrocyte sedimentation rate was 109 mm in 1 hour. The course in the hospital was satisfactory and after 38 hospital days she was discharged with complete recovery from the psittacosis. It is emphasized the importance of that the question about the history of contact with psittacine birds or other avian species is essential to diagnose psittacosis.
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PMID:[A case of psittacosis]. 213 52

The ability of RO 23-6457, a retinoid compound with marked in vitro immunosuppressive properties, to prolong vascularized allografts was examined in several in vivo transplantation models. In the murine heterotopic heart model, efficacy was shown in two H-2 incompatible strain combinations, with indefinite graft survival at some doses. In the rat heterotopic heart model, oral administration prolonged Wistar-Furth grafts in Lewis hosts an average of 1 week, with no long-term survivors at a variety of doses. Given subcutaneously, grafts were further prolonged, but the compound proved toxic. In a bilaterally nephrectomized renal transplant model in cynomolgus monkeys treated intravenously at a dose of 2 mg/kg/day, host survival was prolonged to 18, 32, 33, and 74 days, compared with 11, 11, 12, 13, and 26 days in untreated controls (P less than 0.05 by rank-sum testing). The three shorter surviving recipients died from anorexia and weight loss with normal renal function, while the longest survivor rejected its kidney when exhaustion of iv sites precluded further treatment. The toxic effects of the compound resemble the syndrome of hypervitaminosis A. RO 23-6457 will prolong graft survival as a single agent, justifying further preclinical testing and efforts to reduce toxicity.
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PMID:RO 23-6457 prolongs survival of vascularized allografts in rodents and primates. 233 14

Juzen-taiho-to (TJ-48) is prepared by extracting a mixture of ten kinds of medicinal plants. This prescription has long been used traditionally against anemia, anorexia, extreme exhaustion and fatigue. TJ-48 may now provide new advantages with little toxicity in combination with chemotherapy or radiation therapy, and promising results have actually been obtained in terms of preventing leukemia in cancer patients who have taken antitumor agents. The combination of TJ-48 and mitomycin C (MMC) produced significantly longer survival in p-388 tumor-bearing mice than MMC alone, and TJ-48 decreased the diverse effects of MMC such as leukopenia, thrombopenia and weight loss. However, mechanisms of the pharmacological action are still unclear. One of the possible mechanisms of the action of TJ-48 may be some effects on immune responses. Therefore we studied the effects of TJ-48 on immune response in mice and characterization of immunologically active substances. TJ-48 augmented antibody production and activated macrophage by oral administration of TJ-48, but reduced the MMC-induced immunosuppression in mice. TJ-48 showed a mitogenic activity in splenocytes but not in thymocytes, and an anti-complementary activity was also observed. Anti-complementary activity and mitogenic activity were both observed in high-molecular polysaccharide fraction but not in low-molecular weight fraction. Of several polysaccharide fractions in TJ-48, only pectic polysaccharide fraction (F-5-2) showed potent mitogenic activity. F-5-2 was also shown to have the highest anti-complementary activity. However, the polygalacturonan region is essential for the expression of the mitogenic activity, but that the contribution of poly-galacturonan region to the anti-complementary activity is less. F-5-2 activates complement via alternative complement pathway and induces the proliferation of B cells but does not differentiate those cells from antibody producing cells.
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PMID:[Chemical characterization and biological activity of the immunologically active substances in Juzen-taiho-to (Japanese kampo prescription)]. 278 80

Ten patients with adrenal cortical carcinoma were treated from 1966 to 1986. There were 7 males and 3 females. The typical clinical manifestations, marked increase of 17-ketosteroid, 17-hydroxycorticoids and DHA, and negative dexamethasone suppression test were essential for the diagnosis. Of the ten patients, eight had secretive function and their 17-ketosteroid and 17-hydroxycorticoids varied from 36.8-93 mg% and 32.5-150 mg%, respectively. DHA was measured in 5 cases with the result of 6.95-44mg%. Those without secretive functions or obvious endocrine disturbances were usually misdiagnosed as kidney tumor, splenomagaly, liver tumor or pancreatic mass. Wood had summarized that nonsecretive ACC patients commonly had fever, pain, exhaustion syndrome (emaciation, fatigue, perspiration, anorexia), mass and distant metastasis. Adrenal scan, IVU, abdominal aortic arteriography, retroperitoneal pneumography and CT were helpful in localization. The differential diagnosis between ACC and adenoma by pathology was difficult. It is generally agreed that if the mass is larger than 100 grams, capsulated, having blood or lymphatic vessel invasion, hemorrhage, necrosis and calcification or even distant metastasis, malignant tumor should be considered. Surgical removal of the tumor is the only effective treatment. For advanced or recurrent lesions, selective adrenal artery thrombosis could be used. One of the ten patients was thus treated by this facilitated subsequent surgery. Postoperative chemotherapy, such as O.P-DDD, might be used in some cases.
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PMID:[Adrenal cortical carcinoma (ACC)--report of 10 cases]. 297 73

The study was aimed at determining the role of cerebral dysfunction in exhaustion syndrome involving various disorders of feeding motivation (anorexia, bulimia). Clinicopsychological study (neurological, endocrinological investigation, Cattell, Levine-Hoppe and MMIL testing) was performed in 23 women with exhaustion syndrome. The patients were divided into 2 groups: (1), 12 patients with bulimic neurogenic anorexia; (2), 11 neurotic patients with genuine anorexia. All patients displayed the background dysfunction of the cerebral integrative systems with motivational, neuro-metabolic-endocrine and autonomic disorders. Constitutional acquired hypothalamo-hypophyseal insufficiency had special traits in either group, a factor substantially influencing the course of the disease. The fact that neurogenic anorexia combined with hypothalamo-hypophyseal insufficiency was crucial for the establishment of bulimic form in particular, and for increased incidence of neuro-metabolic-endocrine disorders. Contrarily, the exhaustion syndrome in neuroses developing on the background of hypothalamo-hypophyseal insufficiency was influenced by the decompensation of initial motivational (anorexia) and neuro-metabolic (asthenic constitution) signs. It was also under the impact of specificity of symptom formation in neuroses with hypothalamohypophyseal disorders, including the feeding behavior pathology. The study implies the necessity of evaluation of the brain states with due consideration of cerebral factors in shaping neurogenic anorexia and neurosis.
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PMID:[Neurologic analysis of cerebral exhaustion]. 322 63

In 67 patients with giant cell arteritis (GCA) and 133 control patients, the value of eight clinical parameters and five laboratory findings for the diagnosis of GCA was analyzed. Out of the clinical parameters characteristic for GCA, headaches, visual disturbance, pains of the shoulder or hip regions and fever were of diagnostic value. Of the laboratory findings, only the BSR was of diagnostic value. Inappetence, exhaustion and fatigue, although characteristic of GCA, as well as blood count, alpha-globulins, CRP and alkaline serum phosphatase were of no value in differentiating between GCA and other diseases. Each of the valuable parameters increased the probability of diagnosing GCA from 33% (incidence of GCA in our patients) up to between 48% and 52%. The simultaneous evaluation of several parameters elevated the probability of diagnosing GCA to up to 88%. These results provide a basis for a rational decision in favor of or against biopsy of the temporal artery. In the case of a negative histology, they help to decide in favor of or against long term corticoid therapy.
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PMID:[The value of anamnesis, clinical findings and laboratory parameters in the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis]. 323 46


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