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Query: UMLS:C0392674 (exhaustion)
 13,658 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The purpose of this study was to determine peak aerobic power and associated physiological responses in highly competitive spinal cord injured (SCI) paraplegic road racers. Seven (6 male and one female) active paraplegic (lesions T4-T12) road racers and 9 healthy untrained able-bodied males performed continuous graded arm crank ergometer tests to exhaustion for determinations of peak power output (PO), oxygen uptake (VO2), pulmonary ventilation (VE), heart rate (HR), and respiratory exchange ratio (RER). Compared to able-bodied subjects, male paraplegic road racers elicited significantly (p less than or equal to .05) higher mean (+/- SD) peak levels of PO (141.6 +/- 8.8 vs 111.4 +/- 27.7 W), absolute VO2 (2.72 +/- .52 vs 2.22 +/- .381/min), and VO2 per unit of body weight (43.06 +/- 7.4 vs 30.33 +/- 4.3 ml/kg/min). Although peak HR (180.3 +/- 9.5 vs 173.2 +/- 8.5 bpm) and VE (92.8 +/- 17.2 vs 74.6 +/- 20.3 l/min) tended to be higher for male paraplegic road racers than able-bodied subjects, the differences were not statistically significant. The female paraplegic road racer achieved the highest peak levels of PO (119 W) and VO2 (1.99 l/min; 38.0 ml/kg/min) reported to date for wheelchair-dependent women. These data suggest that intense physical training via wheelchair propulsion can markedly enhance upper body cardiovascular fitness in SCI paraplegics. However, the correlational analysis between 10 km time and peak VO2 was nonsignificant (p greater than .05) indicating that factors other than peak upper body aerobic power may influence wheelchair road racing performance.
Paraplegia 1992 Jun
PMID:Aerobic power of competitive paraplegic road racers. 163 93

This study describes the responses of 20 paraplegic athletes (mean age: 26.8 +/- 1.6 years) to a continuous incremental workload test until exhaustion on an arm cranking ergometer (ACE) and on a wheelchair ergometer (WCE). Both ergometers used the same electromagnetic braking device allowing a fair comparison between results. Tests were conducted at a 24 hour interval at the same time of the day. Oxygen uptake (VO2), heart rate (HR), workload (W), blood pressure (BP), Borg index, and mechanical efficiency (ME) were measured at every minute during the effort and the cool down periods of both tests. The purpose of this study was to analyse the different responses obtained on ACE and on WCE during maximal effort by paraplegics, and also to determine which ergometer permits the higher ME. Results indicate that paraplegics reached the same max HR on ACE and on WCE (97% of the predicted max HR). The lack of significant difference (p less than 0.05) between ACE and WCE in terms of maximal values of VO2, VE and HR suggests that the subjects reached their maximal capacity on each test regardless of the type of ergometer. Nevertheless, W max (in Watts) was 26% higher on ACE than on WCE. Maximal ME values were respectively 16% and 11.6% on ACE and WCE. Results suggest that ergometers and protocol used in this study are appropriate to measure physiological responses of paraplegic athletes during arm cranking and wheelchair exercise without excessive or early arm fatigue.
Paraplegia 1991 Sep
PMID:Physiological responses to maximal exercise on arm cranking and wheelchair ergometer with paraplegics. 178 11

Maximal work capacity and aerobic fitness of wheelchair-confined subjects generally have been determined by one of three modes of exercise: wheelchair ergometry, wheelchair exercise on a treadmill (TM), and arm crank ergometry. In the present study, two new types of arm ergometers, the Cybex Upper Body Exercise ergometer (CUBE) and the Schwinn Air-Dyne ergometer (SAE), have been evaluated and compared with older methods for determining aerobic capacities of wheelchair-confined subjects. Seven persons with paraplegia with lesions ranging from T-3 to L-1 and one bilateral amputee each performed four exercise tests to volitional exhaustion, on separate days, utilizing four modes of exercise. These included wheelchair exercise on a treadmill and arm exercise using a Monark arm ergometer (MAE), a CUBE, or an SAE. Peak values for oxygen consumption, heart rate, and blood lactate were similar during each type of exercise. Significant (p less than 0.05) differences were observed only in the peak values for minute ventilation (CUBE greater than MAE, SAE greater than MAE). The similarity of the maximal responses observed in this study indicates that the CUBE and SAE are comparable to TM exercise and to the MAE in assessing the aerobic capacity of wheelchair-confined subjects.
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PMID:Maximal response of wheelchair-confined subjects to four types of arm exercise. 380 Jun 17

The aim of the study was to compare the exercise responses during maximum wheelchair propulsion on a motor driven treadmill (TM) and maximum arm cranking (AC) in a homogenous group of nine paraplegic men with clinically complete spinal cord lesions between T4 and T6. The test order for each ergometer was random and time between the two ergometer tests was 3-7 days. All experiments were conducted in an air conditioned environment (23 degrees C DB, 18 degrees C WB). The highest VO2 recorded during the final minute of arm cranking (1.65 +/- 0.14 l min-1) and wheelchair propulsion on the treadmill (1.72 +/- 0.10 l min-1) was not significantly different. There were no significant differences in heart rate during the final minute of arm cranking (177 +/- 3 b min-1), and wheelchair propulsion on a motor driven treadmill (177 +/- 4 b min-1), nor were there any significant differences in minute ventilation (STPD) between AC (52 +/- 6.6 l min-1) and TM (56.1 +/- 4.8 l min-1). The VCO2 l min-1 for AC (2.00 +/- 0.20 l min-1) and TM (2.00 +/- 0.12 l min-1) was also not significantly different. The present study found that, unlike previous studies, no significant differences in VO2 (l min-1, ml kg-1 min-1) VE (l min-1), VCO2 (l min-1) or heart rate (b min-1) were found between the two modes of ergometry during the last minute of incremental exercise to exhaustion in a homogenous group of T4-T6 paraplegic men.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Paraplegia 1995 May
PMID:Maximal physiological responses during arm cranking and treadmill wheelchair propulsion in T4-T6 paraplegic men. 763 Jun 52

The percent (%) peak oxygen uptake (VO2) and % peak heart rate (HR) relationships were determined in 13 persons with high (T1-T6) and 14 persons with low lesion (T7-T12) spinal cord injured paraplegia (SCI PARA) and 15 nonimpaired subjects during graded arm crank (AC) tests to exhaustion. Subjects were instructed to maintain a target cadence of 60 rpm on a modified electronically braked leg cycle ergometer. After 3 min of unloaded cranking, power output (PO) was increased by 8-16 W.min-1. VO2 and HR were determined via open-circuit spirometry and 12-lead ECG, respectively. Absolute HR and VO2 values for each PO were converted to % peak HR and % peak VO2 values. Linear regression slopes describing individual % peak HR and % peak VO2 relationships were calculated and compared between groups with one-way ANOVA. No significant differences (P > 0.05) were noted between the mean (+/- SD) regression slopes for persons with high lesion SCI PARA (1.48 +/- 0.21), persons with low lesion SCI PARA (1.48 +/- 0.26), and nonimpaired subjects (1.53 +/- 0.29). Regression equations derived using all data points within each group were as follows: High lesion SCI PARA: y = 1.3x-37.0, R = 0.85 Low lesion SCI PARA: y = 1.23x-30.9, R = 0.88 Nonimpaired subjects: y = 1.41x-46.2, R = 0.95 (y = % peak VO2, x = % peak HR). These equations are similar to those previously reported for nonimpaired men and women and cardiac patients during AC and leg cycle ergometry.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Oxygen uptake and heart rate relationship in persons with spinal cord injury. 823 55

The aim of the present study was to verify the basic principles underlying the prediction of VO2 peak from a submaximal exercise test performed by paraplegics on a wheelchair ergometer and thus to propose regression equations of VO2 peak prediction. Forty-six paraplegic subjects (mean age = 33.2 +/- 8.7 years) with a traumatic lesion (T1-L3) performed a graded exercise test on a wheelchair ergometer until exhaustion. The test started with an initial workload of 0 watts, with an increment of 6 watts per 2 minutes. Measurements included power output (W), heart rate (HR) and oxygen consumption (VO2) throughout the test. Linear relationships were observed between VO2 and W (VO2 = 0.79 + 0.02 W, r = 0.80, SEE = 0.22 l min-1) as well as between %VO2 max and % maximal heart rate (% VO2 max = 8.7 + 0.83 %HR, r = 0.83 SEE = 10.5%). Combination of the two equations for estimating VO2 peak led to a linear relationship between the estimated and measured VO2 peak. Nonetheless, the strength and accuracy of the prediction were low (r = 0.49, SEE = 0.29 l min-1). Participation in aerobic exercise, body mass and lean body mass, introduced as correction factors in the regression equation, significantly improved the strength and the accuracy of the prediction (r = 0.85, SEE = 0.29 l min-1).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Paraplegia 1993 Sep
PMID:Prediction of maximal aerobic power from a submaximal exercise test performed by paraplegics on a wheelchair ergometer. 824 1