Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0392326 (discomfort)
 22,423 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a randomized double-blind cross-over study, 19 young women received iron tablets (Neo-Fer) containing 0.20 g ferrous fumarate (60 mg Fe++), and placebo tablets, twice daily during two periods of 8 weeks each. Development of discolorations on fillings and tooth surfaces was studied by careful clinical examination, and by paired comparison of color transparencies taken before and after each period of treatment. Any tendency of this oral iron preparation to cause dental discolorations could not be detected in the present group of women with good oral hygiene. Seven participants reported gastrointestinal discomfort, two of them only when receiving placebo tablets.
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PMID:Dental discolorations and side effects with iron and placebo tablets. 39 47

A progesterone intrauterine device (IUD), Progestasert, was prescribed for 25 patients unable to use an ordinary non-hormonal IUD. Both the amount of menstrual bleeding and the discomfort was observed to decrease more often than increase during the period of use of the progesterone IUD. Hemoglobin, hematocrit and the serum iron levels either remained static or increased. Continuation rate was 76 per cent after one year. The authors consider Progestasert a suitable alternative to the ordinary non-hormonal IUD in women with dysmenorrhea or menorrhagia and those in whom a previous IUD had been associated with pain or increased menstruation.
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PMID:Intrauterine progesterone contraceptive system as an alternative in cases where conventional IUD's are unsuitable. 57 35

Fifty pregnant women with a hemoglobin between > 10 and < or = 12 g/100 ml during the second three months of pregnancy participated in a non-comparative clinical trial intended to evaluate, during a one month treatment period, the acceptability and effectiveness of an iron supplement (Bio-fer), combined with a high iron diet. Gastric discomfort regressed (present in 11 and 3 women before and after treatment) (p < 0.05), the same applying to constipation (p < 0.05) (present in 17 and 8 women before and after treatment). Reasons for abandoning treatment were nausea (n = 2) and vertigo (n = 1). Anemia or deficiency, evaluated on the basis of hemoglobin and iron-binding capacity levels, improved or stabilised in 34 patients out of 47 (72.3%). Hemoglobin increased (p < 0.0001) on average from 11.4 +/- 0.6 to 11.7 +/- 0.8 g/100 ml.
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PMID:[Efficacy and tolerance of a dietary iron supplement (Bio-fer) in pregnancy anemia]. 148 77

Twenty adult male volunteers were studied in an unblinded, ascending-dose study to evaluate the safety, tolerance, and pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered nonionic gadodiamide injection. Dosages administered were 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3 mmol/kg. Subjects were monitored from 36 hours before, through 72 hours after administration. There were no clinically relevant changes in vital signs or electrocardiograms. No clinically significant changes occurred in blood or urine laboratory parameters, although a tendency for minor, transient elevations in serum iron levels 8 to 48 hours after administration was noted. These changes were not dose-related. Nine of 20 subjects reported at least one adverse event; all events were transient and of mild intensity, the most common being dizziness/lightheadedness and perversion of taste or smell. One subject reported discomfort consisting of mild stinging at the injection site during administration. Gadodiamide was excreted unmetabolized in the urine with greater than 95% recovery at 72 hours after administration. The serum elimination half-life was approximately 70 minutes.
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PMID:A phase I clinical trial with gadodiamide injection, a nonionic magnetic resonance imaging enhancement agent. 174 22

The relationship between oral discomfort and menopause was assessed in 149 women who were divided into three groups determined by response to a questionnaire. The groups consisted of 50 premenopausal women (30 to 43 years old), 47 menopausal women not receiving medical treatment for symptoms of menopause (37 to 66 years old), and 52 menopausal women attending a menopause clinic before and during treatment for menopausal symptoms (30 to 63 years old). The last group had a general medical assessment, including psychological and oral examinations with oral smears and cultures, and the following blood tests: full blood examination, follicle-stimulating hormone, oestradiol, folate, vitamin B12, iron, and total iron binding capacity. Of this last group, 33% reported oral discomfort but had no obvious organic abnormalities that could account for this symptom. The prevalence of oral discomfort was found to be significantly higher in perimenopausal and postmenopausal women (43%) than in premenopausal women (6%). The results also showed an association between oral discomfort and psychological symptoms in menopausal women. Approximately two thirds of the menopausal women with oral discomfort, but without oral clinical signs, found that this symptom was relieved after hormone replacement therapy. The results indicated that oral discomfort is a common symptom of menopause, that it often occurs without overt clinical signs, and that it frequently resolves during appropriate hormone replacement therapy.
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PMID:Oral discomfort at menopause. 249 21

The present communication reports preliminary findings of haematological investigations carried out on patients attending an oral medicine clinic in the University of Iceland over a two year period. Patients have been referred to this newly-established clinic with candidosis, aphtous ulceration, sore tongues, burning mouth syndrome and other miscellaneous conditions. Many were investigated for underlying causes for their oral disorder. A high proportion of patients (33/45: 73%) referred for haematological investigation had abnormal findings largely related to a deficiency of iron (21/45: 47%). Most of these reported improvement in their oral discomfort after a course of iron tablets. Only two patients had abnormally reduced erythrocyte counts but a further 19 (42%) were found to have sideropaenia. Diabetes was diagnosed in two patients and one previously unknown case of megaloblastic anaemia was also discovered. The results were sufficiently encouraging to warrant continuing the clinic and collection of further data.
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PMID:[Haematological investigation of patients attending an oral medicine clinic in the Dental Faculty, University of Iceland, 1987-1988]. 263 50

The purpose of this prospective study was to re-examine the relative importance of various factors in the pathogenesis of angular cheilitis. Sixty-four patients with cheilitis were examined clinically and microbiologically. In addition, a subsample of 23 patients was examined for serum iron and transferrin. The clinical appearance of the lip lesions fell into 4 categories. A ground rhagad at the corner of the mouth involving adjacent skin, was the most frequent type among dentate patients, whereas among denture wearers a deep lesion following the labial marginal sulcus was frequently observed. Dentate patients and denture wearers with cheilitis often had atopic constitution or cutaneous diseases. Pathogenic microorganisms were cultured from the lesions in all 64 patients; Staphylococcus aureus in 40 patients and Candida albicans in 45. The results of this study indicate a correlation between angular cheilitis and pathogenic microorganisms. Furthermore, among dentate patients, a correlation exists between cutaneous discomfort and angular cheilitis. Other etiological factors suggested for this disorder were found to be of subordinate importance.
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PMID:Angular cheilitis: a clinical and microbial study. 308 36

The dietary and supplementary intake of food, energy, and nutrients were examined in 54 patients after various gastrointestinal operations and in 33 patients with gastritis, peptic ulcer, or undefined abdominal pain. Forty-six of the operated and 21 of the nonoperated patients had to avoid certain foods (p less than 0.001, chi 2-test), mainly milk, beans, cabbage and other vegetables, bread, and fried foods. Only a few patients got discomfort from coffee, fatty foods, and meat. The intake of energy was at the level of light physical work. The dietary intake of iron, vitamin A, and niacin did not reach the level of the recommended daily allowance (RDA). One-half of the patients used vitamins and supplements, which increased their intake over the level of RDA. It is important to inform patients before operations about the possibility of persistent abdominal symptoms after the operation.
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PMID:Dietary and supplementary intake of nutrients by patients with gastrointestinal diseases. 380 66

Most laboratory tests are hampered by overlap of the population with a disease and the population without the disease. An efficient approach to clinical problem solving is to order tests in sequence and focus on the overlap zone of each test--the "range of uncertainty." Indeed, only cases that fall in that range need further workup. All others will have the suspected diagnosis made or excluded with reasonable confidence and need no further testing. To demonstrate the application of this concept, we correlated the iron saturation test and ferritin levels sequentially with the presence or absence of stainable iron in the bone marrow of 139 patients. This model should be suitable for other laboratory tests; it may decrease the use of the laboratory in clinical decision making and reduce the discomfort and cost of additional tests.
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PMID:The use of the "range of uncertainty". 383 68

Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB), menstrual bleeding not explained by organic pathology in the pelvis or systemic deseases that exacerbate bleeding, is suspected when a reproductive-aged woman has excessive menstrual flow. Ovulatory DUB is most common in parous women aged 30-45 years. Cycles are regular and predictable and menstrual flows are preceded by breas soreness, mood or energy changes, or pelvic discomfort. Hypochronic microcytic anemia may result from the amount, rapidity, and duration of bleeding. Current evidence supports the hypothesis that DUB is associated with an increased total amount of prostaglandin in the uterus. Prostacyclin appears to be a likely cause of menorrhagia because it is locally produced within the intima of vessels and is a powerful vasodilator and effective inhibitor of platelet aggregation. DUB diagnosis requires careful exclusion of organic pathology through a detailed history, complete physical examination, and a complete blood count. A beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin measurement to rule out obstetric accident, curettage, hysteroscopy, biopsy, or laparoscopic visualization may be appropriate under different conditions. Curettage, thyroid hormone administration, ergot alkaloids, vitamin and mineral preparations, and iron therapy do little to correct the basic problem. Aspirin should be avoided in the week before and on the days of flow since in analgesic doses it inhibits the platelet thromboxanes that promote platelet agggregation and local vasoconstriction. Bed rest or reduced physical activity on days of flow is also advisable. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs are effective in reducing blood loss in women with DUB. The durgs are prostaglandin synthetase inhibitors, but the biochemical modifications causing an improved bleeding pattern are not well understood. All such drugs are effective, but some women experience greater relief with 1 formulation than another. Medroxyprogesterone acetate, 10 mg dialy for 7 days before the onset of flow, reduces bleeding in some women although the mechanism of action is unclear. Oral contraceptives (OCs) containing progestins derived from 19-nortestosterone inhibit endometrial proliferation, so ther is little tissue to be shed and little local prostaglandin to stimulate bleeding. Nonsmoking women under 40 years old with DUB who desire reversible contraception are excellent candidates for OCs. Aminocaproic acid is very expensive and has annoying gastrointestinal side effects. but is cost-effective for women with chronic anemia or life threatening uterine hemorrhage who wish to avoid hysterectomy. Danazol is of little usefulness because of its expense and side effects. Hysterectomy is an acceptable therapeutic option for many women.
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PMID:Dysfunctional uterine bleeding in ovulatory women. 388 Aug 90


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