Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0376358 (prostate cancer)
 59,338 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The finding of amyloid deposits in the seminal vesicles has been known for many years. The deposits are usually localized and asymptomatic. In recent years seminal vesicle amyloidosis has been reported to simulate prostate and bladder cancer invasion on MRI. We therefore feel that knowledge of the entity is important and present herein a typical case confirming the previous findings that amyloidosis of the seminal vesicles is a unique form of amyloidosis, a relatively common incidental finding and one that may be related to prostate cancer.
 ...
PMID:Amyloidosis of the seminal vesicle--a case report and review of the literature. 1467 29

Aim of this work was to asses whether a novel 99mTc labeled Bombesin (BN) can play a clinical role in diagnosis and staging of prostate cancer. 14 patients were studied with trans-rectal ultrasonography-guided biopsy, CT and MRI and with 99mTc BN Scintigraphy. Five patients were also imaged by 111In Octreotide (O) scan. All the patients but one were submitted to surgery and final diagnosis was reached by pathology, taken as the gold standard method. Two patients showed benign adenoma and 12 patients showed cancer at biopsy. 99mTc BN SPECT was positive in all 12 patients with cancer. Four of these patients also showed pelvic focal uptake, referred to inguinal lymph-nodal involvement. MRI and CT provided similar findings in only three cases. Pathologic evaluation after operation confirmed the invasion of nodes in all four subjects. Both 99mTc BN and 111In O scans provided normal findings in the two subjects affected by benign adenoma, while 111In O was positive in only two of three patients with cancer and was always unable to detect nodal invasion. These preliminary data suggest that 99mTc BN SPECT scan could be useful to detect primary prostate cancer and to reveal loco-regional node involvement.
 ...
PMID:Role of 99mTc-bombesin scan in diagnosis and staging of prostate cancer. 1506 15

The goal of this study was to examine the use of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) for the assessment of early progression of photodamage induced by Pd-bacteriopheophorbide (TOOKAD)-based photodynamic therapy (PDT). TOOKAD is a novel second-generation photosensitizer for PDT of solid tumors developed in our laboratory and presently under clinical trials for prostate cancer (PC) therapy. Using the subcutaneous human prostate adenocarcinoma WISH-PC14 xenografts in nude mice as a model, a unique biphasic change in the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was observed within the first 24 hours post-PDT, with initial decrease followed by an increase in ADC. Using DW-MRI, this phenomenon enables the detection of successful tumor response to PDT within 7 hours posttreatment. This process was validated by direct, histological, and immunohistochemical examinations and also by evaluation of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels that decreased significantly already 7 hours posttreatment. In vitro studies of multicellular cell spheroids confirmed a PDT-induced decrease in ADC, suggesting that lipid peroxidation (LPO) significantly contributes to ADC decline observed after PDT. These results demonstrate that TOOKAD-based PDT successfully eradicates prostate adenocarcinoma xenografts and suggests DW-MRI to be useful for the detection of early tumor response and treatment outcome in the clinical setting.
 ...
PMID:Photodynamic therapy of established prostatic adenocarcinoma with TOOKAD: a biphasic apparent diffusion coefficient change as potential early MRI response marker. 1515 34

The combination of magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) and imaging (MRI) has led to mapping metabolites from normal and neoplastic tissue within the time limits of a routine study. MRSI (magnetic resonance spectroscopy imaging) detects metabolites that contain protons, phosphorus, fluorine, or other nuclei. The uniqueness of the information available in vivo and in a non-invasive manner encouraged radiologists and oncologists to apply MRSI in research and clinical practice. Both (1)H- and (31)P-MRS have revealed significant disturbances in amino acids, lipids, and phosphorus-containing metabolites within tumors. Phosphocreatine is often diminished in neoplasms compared to their primary host or surrounding tissues. However, the reduction of the compound does not appear to be closely correlated to the degree of malignancy. Moreover, abnormalities in (31)P spectra from neoplasms are shared by other disorders. Changes in high-energy phosphate levels almost invariably occur with radio- and chemotherapy of tumors. The spectroscopic alterations are often seen before any variations in tumor size and shape can be detected. However, opposite responses can be associated with the same clinical outcome. (1)H-MRS has been successfully used to quantify the extent of neuronal cell loss imposed on the brain during radiotherapy. Recently, MRSI was successfully integrated into radiotherapy planning in prostate cancer patients. (19)F-MRS opens access to artificially induced fluorocompounds such as 5-fluorouracil and its metabolites.
 ...
PMID:Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in clinical oncology. 1524 22

Permanent implantation of I-125 and Pd-103 seeds is one of the widely used treatment options for the early stage prostate cancer with minimum normal tissue complications and long-term local control of the tumor. This is possible because of several technological advances made in the past decade to better understand the procedural aspects of implantations with the desired clinical outcome and with acceptable morbidities. In addition, with the widespread use of PSA testing, more widely disseminated information about prostate cancer and increased patient awareness, over 70% of patients are diagnosed early with localized disease and therefore are candidates for definitive local therapy. Delineation of soft tissue structures including the prostate, rectum, urethra and bladder has become more accurate with the use of imaging modalities including Ultrasound and MRI, with or without the CT. A re-evaluation of the dosimetric parameters of the radioactive sources has lead to a more precise estimate of the dose delivered to the prostate and the associated critical normal structures. Technological improvements in the post implant dosimetry have helped to understand the factors, which makes an implant a "good implant" or a "poor implant". Intraoperative treatment planning with on line dosimetry is emerging as one of the best approaches for prostate brachytherapy. In addition, better software is now available producing dose-volume histograms with 3D target and normal tissue reconstruction. The combination of seed implant followed by IMRT would provide scope for differentially boosting the regions under-dosed because of uncontrollable and unexpected reasons during the implant and unsuspected micro extensions of the tumor.
 ...
PMID:The impact of technological advances on the evolution of 3D conformal brachytherapy for early prostate cancer. 1527 May 84

A technique for transperineal high-dose-rate (HDR) prostate brachytherapy and needle biopsy in a standard 1.5 T MRI scanner is demonstrated. In each of eight procedures (in four patients with intermediate to high risk localized prostate cancer), four MRI-guided transperineal prostate biopsies were obtained followed by placement of 14-15 hollow transperineal catheters for HDR brachytherapy. Mean needle-placement accuracy was 2.1 mm, 95% of needle-placement errors were less than 4.0 mm, and the maximum needle-placement error was 4.4 mm. In addition to guiding the placement of biopsy needles and brachytherapy catheters, MR images were also used for brachytherapy treatment planning and optimization. Because 1.5 T MR images are directly acquired during the interventional procedure, dependence on deformable registration is reduced and online image quality is maximized.
 ...
PMID:System for prostate brachytherapy and biopsy in a standard 1.5 T MRI scanner. 1533 92

The purpose of this study was to examine the feasibility and safety of MR-guided biopsies with a transgluteal approach in patients with uncertain or suspicious prostate lesions. Twenty-five patients with uncertain or suspicious focal prostate lesions detected by high-field MR imaging of the prostate gland using endorectal coil imaging were biopsied with a transgluteal approach in a low-field MRI system (0.2 T, Concerto, Siemens). The procedures were guided using T1-weighted FLASH sequences. The prostate gland was biopsied repeatedly with a coaxial technique through a 15-gauge pencil tip with a 16-gauge biopsy handy (median 3.8 samples per patient). Complications and biopsy findings were documented retrospectively. Using T1-weighted sequences biopsy procedures were performed successfully with MR guidance in all cases without any side effects or complications. The median intervention time was 11.3 min. Pathological findings revealed ten cases of hyperplasia or atrophy, three cases of prostatitis, ten cases of carcinoma and two cases of normal tissue. The clinical follow-up showed that in two patients prostate cancer was missed at MR-guided biopsy. Transgluteal MR-guided biopsy of the prostate gland is a safe and promising approach for histological clarification of uncertain or suspicious lesions.
 ...
PMID:MR-guided transgluteal biopsies with an open low-field system in patients with clinically suspected prostate cancer: technique and preliminary results. 1535 2

Positron emission tomography (PET) using ((18)F)2-fluoro-D-2-desoxyglucose (FDG) has been shown to be a highly sensitive and specific imaging modality in the diagnosis of primary and recurrent tumors and in the control of therapies in numerous non-urologic cancers. It was the aim of this review to validate the significance of PET as a diagnostic tool in malignant tumors of the urogenital tract. A systematic review of the current literature concerning the role of PET for malignant tumors of the kidney, testicles, prostate, and bladder was carried out. The role of FDG PET for renal cell cancer can be seen in the detection of recurrences after definitive local therapy and metastases. The higher sensitivity of PET in comparison to other therapeutic modalities (CT, ultrasound, MRI) in recurrent and metastatic renal cell cancer suggests a supplemental role of this diagnostic procedure to complement other imaging modalities.The clinical value of PET is established for the identification of vital tumor tissue after chemotherapy of seminomatous germ cell tumors. This diagnostic method has little significance for primary tumor staging and diagnosis of non-seminomatous germ cell tumor because of the high probability of false-negative results in adult teratomas. FDG PET is not sensitive enough in the diagnosis of primary or recurrent tumors in prostate or bladder cancer. Also PET did not prove to be superior to conventional bone scintigram in the detection of mostly osteoblastic metastases in prostate cancer. The recent use of alternative tracers, which are partly not eliminated by urinary secretion (acetate, choline) has increased the sensitivity and specificity of PET also in this tumor entity so that further clinical investigations are needed to validate these technical modifications in their significance for this imaging modality. PET appears to be sufficiently evaluated only for the diagnostic follow-up of patients with seminomatous germ cell tumors after chemotherapy to regard it is the diagnostic tool of first choice. For all other tumors of the urogenital tract this proof is still awaited.
 ...
PMID:[Positron emission tomography (PET) for diagnosis and monitoring of treatment for urological tumors]. 1550 7

A combination of magnetic resonance (MR) methods (T2-weighted MRI, proton MR spectroscopy, and dynamic contrast enhancement) gives the highest sensitivity and specificity for identification of prostate cancer by MRI. The prostate MR findings of a patient with a congenital cystic disease of seminal vesicle are presented. To our knowledge, this is the only case described in the literature. The MR examination resulted in a false-positive indication of prostate cancer.
 ...
PMID:Combined MR examination of prostate: is it reliable? 1551 25

The discovery and the use of serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) has considerably improved the diagnosis of prostate cancer during the past 20 years. Before PSA era, early diagnosis was only based on the digital rectal examination (DRE) of which the Limitations have been evidenced; over half of the tumours diagnosed by such means had already spread out of the prostate and were incurable. Assessment of serum PSA has allowed the diagnosis to be made at an earlier stage of the disease, curable by current treatments. Whichever the diagnostic tools, transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) prostatic biopsies remain necessary for diagnosis ascertainment, taking into account the low specificity of PSA assessment. The feasibility of a diagnosis at an early and curable stage of the disease has logically resulted in screening procedures aimed at reducing the high mortality related to prostate cancer. The numerous publications on prostate cancer screening provide precise information on the accuracy of available diagnostic means (PSA, DRE, TRUS, combined PSA and DRE), on the characteristics of screened tumours (stage and differentiation), and also on the population of men likely to benefit from the screening (age at beginning and end of the screening, frequency of PSA testing, identification of the men with ethnic and/or genetic predisposition). In those early diagnosed prostate cancers, the assessment of loco-regional cancer extension (extracapsular and/or, microscopic nodal involvement), remains unsatisfactory because no imaging technique (ultrasonography, CT scan, MRI,...) allows visualising the tumour itself or microscopic metastases. Nevertheless, the combination of multiple parameters such as DRE data, PSA level, biopsy data and tumour differentiation helps approaching with an increasing precision (nomograms) the true pathologic stage of the disease. Such advances allow distinguishing, among the very heterogeneous group of prostate cancers, tumours that differ from one to another in terms of disease stage, progression and prognosis, which is helpful for the determination of an adapted therapeutic strategy.
 ...
PMID:[Prostate cancer: Diagnosis and staging]. 1557 Jul 5


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>