Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0376358 (prostate cancer)
 59,338 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Castrate resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is a disease that is resistant to both hormone therapy and chemotherapy. At present, no curative therapy for CRPC has been established. Therefore, it is necessary to determine a novel molecular target for the development of therapeutic agents. We previously reported that AlkB homolog 3 (ALKBH3) is highly expressed in prostate cancer but not in benign prostatic hyperplasia or in normal prostate epithelium and that the expression levels of ALKBH3 protein are significantly correlated with the hormone-independent state of prostate cancer. Moreover, ALKBH3 regulates the invasion of prostate cancer cells via the regulation of matrix metalloproteinase 9. Here, we show that ALKBH3 gene silencing markedly induces apoptosis in hormone-independent prostate cancer cell line DU145 but not in the normal prostate epithelial cell line PNT2. Moreover, the in vivo tumorigenicity of DU145 cells was significantly inhibited by the administration of ALKBH3 siRNA. Furthermore, the anchorage-independent growth of DU145 cells was inhibited by ALKBH3 knockdown and promoted by ALKBH3 overexpression, significantly. ALKBH3 shRNA-expressing prostate cancer cells formed significantly smaller tumors than those of control shRNA transfectants in an in vivo xenograft model. These findings suggest that ALKBH3 is a promising target molecule for the development of CRPC therapeutic agents.
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PMID:anti-tumor effect of AlkB homolog 3 knockdown in hormone- independent prostate cancer cells. 2251 25

A series of 1-aryl-3,4-substituted-1H-pyrazol-5-ol derivatives was synthesized and evaluated as prostate cancer antigen-1 (PCA-1/ALKBH3) inhibitors to obtain a novel anti-prostate cancer drug. After modifying 1-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-3,4-dimethyl-1H-pyrazol-5-ol (1), a hit compound found during random screening using a recombinant PCA-1/ALKBH3, 1-(1H-5-methylbenzimidazol-2-yl)-4-benzyl-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-ol (35, HUHS015), was obtained as a potent PCA-1/ALKBH3 inhibitor both in vitro and in vivo. The bioavailability (BA) of 35 was 7.2% in rats after oral administration. As expected, continuously administering 35 significantly suppressed the growth of DU145 cells, which are human hormone-independent prostate cancer cells, in a mouse xenograft model without untoward effects.
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PMID:Design and synthesis of prostate cancer antigen-1 (PCA-1/ALKBH3) inhibitors as anti-prostate cancer drugs. 2446 53

Prostate cancer antigen-1 (PCA-1)/ALKBH3 has been recently identified in human prostate cancer and its expression is correlated with disease progression and prognosis. However, the precise role and function of PCA-1/ALKBH3 in human malignancies are largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the clinical significance and therapeutic potential of PCA-1/ALKBH3 in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). PCA-1/ALKBH3 expression was examined by immunohistochemistry in 101 RCC patients who underwent radical or partial nephrectomy. Its expression was positively correlated with advanced pathological T- and M-factors and TNM stage (T, P<0.05; M, P<0.01; TNM, P<0.01, respectively). In the prognostic analysis, PCA-1/ALKBH3-negative patients with RCC had a significantly better prognosis than PCA-1/ALKBH3-positive patients (5-year survival rate, 92.9 vs. 75.9%, respectively; P<0.05). Next, the therapeutic potential of targeting PCA-1/ALKBH3 was further evaluated by small interfering RNA method using a human RCC cell line (CAKI-1). We found that PCA-1/ALKBH3 knockdown significantly inhibited the growth of CAKI-1 cells compared with the control (P<0.001). Furthermore, knockdown of PCA-1 induced apoptosis in CAKI-1 cells, as assessed by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-cleavage assays. We demonstrated for the first time that PCA-1/ALKBH3 expression has a significant prognostic impact on patient prognosis in RCC. Furthermore, its knockdown has a therapeutic efficacy on RCC. Taken together, both our clinical and experimental data strongly suggest that PCA-1/ALKBH3 may be functionally important and a novel molecular target for human RCC.
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PMID:Clinical significance and therapeutic potential of prostate cancer antigen-1/ALKBH3 in human renal cell carcinoma. 2603 43

The 2-oxoglutarate-dependent iron enzyme ALKBH3 is an antitumor target and a potential diagnostic marker for several tumor types, including prostate cancer. However, there is at present no simple way to measure this enzyme's activity. Here we describe a fluorogenic probe design (MAQ) that is directly responsive to ALKBH3 repair activity. It makes use of the fluorescence-quenching properties of 1-methyladenine; removal of the alkyl group results in a >10-fold light-up signal. The probe is specific for ALKBH3 over its related homologue ALKBH2 and can be used to identify and measure the effectiveness of enzyme inhibitors. Measurements of the enzyme substrate parameters show that MAQ displays Km and kcat values essentially the same as those of the native substrate. Finally, we show that the probe functions efficiently in cells, allowing imaging and quantitation of ALKBH3 activity by microscopy and flow cytometry. We expect that MAQ probes will be broadly useful in the study of the basic biology of ALKBH3 and in clinical cancer applications as well.
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PMID:Fluorescence Monitoring of the Oxidative Repair of DNA Alkylation Damage by ALKBH3, a Prostate Cancer Marker. 2696 62

Novel potent prostate cancer antigen-1 (PCA-1)/alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase alkB homolog 3 (ALKBH3) inhibitors both in vivo and in vivo were designed and evaluated by a stability assay in an S9 mixture, a mixture of rat liver homogenate and co-factors, and oral absorbability assay in rat, as well as enzyme and cell assays, and resulted in the synthesis of a novel potent PCA-1/ALKBH3 inhibitor in vivo. Among them, compound 7l exhibited potent inhibitory activities in a xenograft model bearing DU145 tumor at 10 mg/kg by subcutaneous administration without negative side-effects. This inhibitory activity in vivo was more potent than that of HUHS015 at 32 mg/kg, a known PCA-1/ALKBH3 inhibitor, or docetaxel at 2.5 mg/kg, the drug clinically used for androgen-independent prostate cancer.
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PMID:Novel Metabolically Stable PCA-1/ALKBH3 Inhibitor Has Potent Antiproliferative Effects on DU145 Cells In Vivo. 2927 75