Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0376358 (prostate cancer)
 59,338 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The use of molecular targets in novel strategies of tumor treatment largely depends on the identification of proteins with a tumor- or tissue-restricted expression. We identified the novel protein D-GPCR that is selectively overexpressed in human prostate cancer and prostate and belongs to the subfamily of odorant-like orphan G protein-coupled receptors. Quantification of D-GPCR transcripts in different human tissues by real-time PCR demonstrated 27-fold overexpression in prostate compared to skeletal muscle, the organ with second highest transcript numbers in males. Investigation of tumor/normal cDNA pairs obtained from 241 cancer patients including four prostate tumors confirmed the preferential expression in prostate. When comparing the mean transcript level of 15 prostate cancer tissues to their non-tumorous counterparts, D-GPCR was almost 6-fold upregulated. Coupled in vitro transcription and translation of D-GPCR cDNA produced a protein band of approximately 28 kDa. Recombinant, His-tagged protein was expressed in transfected HEK293 cells and gave rise to a 30 kDa band specifically detected by anti-His antibody. These data provide the basis for future studies evaluating the diagnostic potential of D-GPCR and its utility as a novel target in immunotherapy of prostate cancer.
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PMID:D-GPCR: a novel putative G protein-coupled receptor overexpressed in prostate cancer and prostate. 1531 97

Recently, we identified the novel protein D-GPCR (Dresden G protein-coupled receptor) which is selectively overexpressed in human prostate cancer (PCa) and belongs to the subfamily of odorant-like orphan GPCRs. Quantification of D-GPCR transcripts in paired malignant and non-malignant prostate tissues of 106 patients with primary PCa by real-time PCR demonstrated a significant up-regulation of this gene in tumor samples. Furthermore, its expression increases with higher tumor stages and grades. The evaluation of D-GPCR expression as a potential molecular tumor marker was performed by receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis resulting in an area under the curve (AUC) value of 0.6452. Hence, the evaluation of D-GPCR as possible additive diagnostic tool and putative therapy target appears promising.
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PMID:Transcript quantification of Dresden G protein-coupled receptor (D-GPCR) in primary prostate cancer tissue pairs. 1597 82

The G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) recognize a large variety of extracellular molecules (such as hormones, neurotransmitters, growth and developmental factors) and several sensory messages (such as light, odors and pain). GPCRs and their signal transduction pathway represent important specific targets for a variety of human diseases. To investigate the potential roles of GPCRs in human normal prostate and prostate cancers, we identified and characterized a novel human G-protein coupled receptor, PSGR2, which is highly overexpressed in human prostate cancers. Although PSGR2 shares sequence homology with human olfactory G-protein coupled receptors, the expression of PSGR2 is highly restricted to human prostate tissue, and no expression was detected in 22 normal and 10 tumor tissues examined using Northern blot and PCR analysis. Furthermore, we investigated the expression levels of PSGR2 in 133 human prostate samples with real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and in situ hybridization method. We demonstrated that PSGR2 expression increased significantly in human high grade prostate intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and prostate cancers (approximately 10-fold) as compared to normal and BPH (benign prostatic hyperplasia) tissues (p < 0.001), suggesting PSGR2 may play an important role in human prostate cancer development and progression. Together, our results suggest that PSGR2 is a novel prostate specific G-protein coupled receptor and may be useful as a tissue marker and molecular target for the early detection and treatment of human prostate cancers.
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PMID:PSGR2, a novel G-protein coupled receptor, is overexpressed in human prostate cancer. 1620 86

The development of prostate cancer (PCa) is regulated by the androgen-dependent activity of the androgen receptor (AR). Androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT) is therefore the gold standard treatment to suppress malignant progression of PCa. Nevertheless, due to the development of castration resistance, recurrence of disease after initial response to ADT is a major obstacle to successful treatment. As G-protein coupled receptors play a fundamental role in PCa physiology, they might represent promising alternative or combinatorial targets for advanced diseases. Here, we verified gene expression of the olfactory receptors (ORs) OR51E1 [prostate-specific G-protein coupled receptor 2 (PSGR2)] and OR51E2 (PSGR) in human PCa tissue by RNA-Seq analysis and RT-PCR and elucidated the subcellular localization of both receptor proteins in human prostate tissue. The OR51E1 agonist nonanoic acid (NA) leads to the phosphorylation of various protein kinases and growth suppression of the PCa cell line LNCaP. Furthermore, treatment with NA causes reduction of androgen-mediated AR target gene expression. Interestingly, NA induces cellular senescence, which coincides with reduced E2F1 mRNA levels. In contrast, treatment with the structurally related compound 1-nonanol or the OR2AG1 agonist amyl butyrate, neither of which activates OR51E1, did not lead to reduced cell growth or an induction of cellular senescence. However, decanoic acid, another OR51E1 agonist, also induces cellular senescence. Thus, our results suggest the involvement of OR51E1 in growth processes of PCa cells and its impact on AR-mediated signaling. These findings provide novel evidences to support the functional importance of ORs in PCa pathogenesis.
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PMID:The activation of OR51E1 causes growth suppression of human prostate cancer cells. 2737 83