Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0376358 (prostate cancer)
 59,338 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The relationship of asymptomatic microhematuria to urologic disease in a general population was studied by using population-based data resources in Rochester, Minnesota, to identify 635 patients with isolated asymptomatic microhematuria (AMs) and 635 controls. Prevalences of minor urologic diseases were 41.8% in those with positive tests (AMs) and 36.9% in controls (p greater than 0.05). Moderately serious urologic diseases were found in 16.7% of AMs and 9.2% of controls (p = 0.006); significant differences were found only for renal calculi and various causes of increased serum creatinine. Urologic cancers were found in 1.2% of AMs and 0.2% of controls (p = 0.04), but only prostatic carcinoma was found in a significantly higher percentage of those with positive tests (p = 0.047). Urologic cancers were found in 3.6% of test-positive patients with greater than 8 RBC/high-power field vs. 0.5% of those with 1-8 RBC/high-power field and 0.2% of controls (p greater than 0.05). The predictive value of low-grade isolated asymptomatic microhematuria is too low to be of value in screening for urologic cancers in unselected patients, and only certain moderately serious urologic diseases and prostatic cancer were more frequent in patients who had asymptomatic microhematuria than in controls.
J Gen Intern Med
PMID:Isolated asymptomatic microhematuria: a cross-sectional analysis of test-positive and test-negative patients. 349 9

In an attempt to know the applicability of non-cultural detection technique for N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis on pharyngeal and rectal swabs, the swabs taken from N. gonorrhoeae- and C. trachomatis-free subjects were tested by Gonozyme, Chlamydiazyme, Ideia Chlamydia, Gen-Probe and Gen Probe Pace 2. As N. gonorrhoeae- and C. trachomatis-free subjects, the castrated males older than age 70, with known prostate cancer treated at least for 6 months with anti-androgens who were seronegative for C. trachomatis and had a history of Ofloxacin treatment in the last 3 months and whose pharyngeal and rectal swabs were negative for N. gonorrhoeae, were subjected for study. The false negative rates were for N. gonorrhoeae from the pharynx by Gonozyme 57.7%, by Gen-Probe 0%, by Gen-Probe Pace 2 0%, from rectum by Gonozyme 0%, by Gen-Probe 0% by Gen-Probe Pace 2 0%, for C. trachomatis from pharynx by Chlamydiazyme 93.8%, by Ideia Chlamydia 8.3%, by Gen-Probe 0%, by Gen-Probe Pace 2 0%, from rectum by Chlamydiazyme 94.4%, by Ideia Chlamydia 70.9%, by Gen-Probe 20.0% and by Gen-Probe Pace 2 0%. To investigate the incidence of pharyngeal and rectal infection by N. gonorrhoeae among the patients with gonococcal genital infection, as well as pharyngeal and rectal infection by C. trachomatis among the patients with chlamydial genital infection, pharyngeal and recal swabs obtained from the patients with genital infection by N. gonorrhoeae or C. trachomatis were tested by Gen-Probe Pace 2.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Positive rates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis on pharynx and rectum of patients with gonococcal or chlamydial genital infections]. 799 21

Since the late 1960s, vasectomy has been a popular contraceptive option in Great Britain for couples who have achieved their desired family size. In recent years, however, considerable concern has been expressed about possible associations with cardiovascular disease and testicular and prostate cancer as well as long-term localized effects. This article reviewed the literature published during 1986-96 on these health concerns. Although vasectomized monkeys fed atherogenic diets appear to have a higher risk of peripheral artery disease, long-term studies of vasectomized men have failed to detect increased cardiovascular disease. No evidence has been found that vasectomy predisposes to testicular cancer or accelerates the growth of early testicular cancer. Studies demonstrating a 2-fold increase in the risk of prostate cancer after vasectomy were conducted in the US, where prostate cancer is common, and contained possible biases. European studies have not detected such an increased risk. Even if a relationship between vasectomy and prostate cancer is proven, further investigations would be required to determine if vasectomy causes prostate cancer through mechanisms such as hormonal changes, immunologic responses, or failure of growth inhibitors to reach the prostate due to obstruction of the reproductive tract, or whether vasectomized men are more exposed to the real causal agent. Moreover, even if the risk for vasectomized men in the UK is doubled, only 6/1000 men 65-74 years old would be expected to develop prostate cancer each year. The local effects of vasectomy on the reproductive tract are not fully determined. Distention of the epididymal duct occurs in most patients and granuloma formation is common. Vasectomy may also induce autoimmune orchitis. While many men develop structural changes in the reproductive tract after vasectomy, only a minority report discomfort. Although men considering vasectomy should be told that some studies have suggested a small increased risk of prostate cancer, they can be reassured that other health concerns are without foundation.
Br J Gen Pract 1997 Jun
PMID:Is vasectomy harmful to health? 923 76

The effects of mitochondrial uncoupling on the calcium homeostasis of prostatic cells were investigated using the prostatic cancer cell line LNCaP and indo-1 spectrofluorimetry. Carbonyl cyanide m-chloro-phenylhydrazone (CCCP) was used as uncoupler. Resting LNCaP cells responded to CCCP by a biphasic increase in [Ca2+]i. The first phase of increase which corresponded to the release of a mitochondrial CCCP-sensitive Ca2+ store was followed by a second increase phase consisting of Ca2+ influx through the plasma membrane. The relationship between the CCCP- and the InsP3-sensitive stores was investigated using thapsigargin (TG). The release part of the Ca2+ response to TG was reduced in a time-dependent manner by previous exposure of the cells to CCCP, suggesting that CCCP also acts on non-mitochondrial stores. Our results show that CCCP releases Ca2+ from both mitochondrial and non-mitochondrial stores in prostatic cells. The possible mechanisms of these effects are discussed.
Gen Physiol Biophys 2000 Sep
PMID:Calcium store depletion induced by mitochondrial uncoupling in prostatic cells. 1131 57

Adenoviruses are promising vectors for human cancer gene therapy. However, the extensively used adenoviruses serotypes 2 and 5 (Ad2 and Ad5) from species C have a major disadvantage in being highly prevalent; thus, most adults have an immunity against the two viruses. Furthermore, the expression of coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptors for Ad2 and Ad5 varies in different cells. This study aims to identify adenovirus serotypes with specific tropism for endothelial cells and epithelial tumour cells. Comparison of the binding affinities of Ad31, Ad11, Ad5, Ad37, Ad4 and Ad41, belonging to species A-F, respectively, to established cell lines of hepatoma (HepG2), breast cancer (CAMA and MG7), prostatic cancer (DU145 and LNCaP) and laryngeal cancer (Hep2), as well as to endothelial cells (HMEC), was carried out by flow cytometric analysis. Ad11 from species B showed markedly higher binding affinity than Ad5 for the endothelial cell line and all carcinoma cell lines studied. Ad4 showed a specific binding affinity for hepatoma cells and laryneal carcinoma cells. The ability of Ad11, Ad4 and Ad5 to be expressed in hepatoma, breast cancer and endothelial cell lines was studied by immunostaining and (35)S-labelling of viral proteins in infected cells. Ad11 and Ad4 manifested a higher proportion of infected cells and a higher degree of hexon expression than Ad5.
J Gen Virol 2003 Mar
PMID:Human adenovirus serotypes 4 and 11 show higher binding affinity and infectivity for endothelial and carcinoma cell lines than serotype 5. 1260 21

We examined the association between caregiving for a spouse and preventive clinical services (self-reported influenza vaccination, cholesterol screening, mammography, Pap smear, and prostate cancer screening over 2 years and monthly self-breast exam) for the caregiver in a cross-sectional analysis of the Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults aged > or = 50 years (N = 11,394). Spouses engaged in 0, 1-14, or > or = 14 hours per week of caregiving. Each service was examined in logistic regression models adjusting for caregiver characteristics. After adjustment for covariates, there were no significant associations between spousal caregiving and likelihood of caregiver receipt of preventive services.
J Gen Intern Med 2004 Aug
PMID:Quality of preventive clinical services among caregivers in the health and retirement study. 1524 74

Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is an acquired coagulation disorder that may occur in a wide variety of clinical conditions. Suspicion of DIC should lead to a differential diagnosis that includes primary fibrinolysis and other bleeding diatheses such as thrombocytopenias of diverse etiology. Confirmation of the diagnosis of DIC should always prompt a search for an underlying medical disorder, including sepsis, severe trauma, solid and hematological malignancies, obstetrical complications, and vascular disorders. Here, we describe an unusual case of acute bleeding and DIC as the presenting manifestation of metastatic prostate cancer in a 60-year-old man. Treatment with a luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) agonist and a short course of an antiandrogen, together with supportive measures (i.e., clotting factors, heparin, and platelets), led to normalization of all coagulation parameters within 1 week, and to clinical improvement and decline in the serum level of prostate-specific antigen (PSA). We discuss the pathogenesis, differential diagnosis, and association of DIC with prostate cancer along with the management of this condition.
J Gen Intern Med 2006 Nov
PMID:Disseminated intravascular coagulation as the presenting sign of metastatic prostate cancer. 1745 72

Using the RT-PCR method for allele discrimination, we examined nine known SNPs in seven genes (GHR, IGFBP3, IGFR1, IRS1, FMN1, ANXA2, TaGLN) in ethnic Russians and in patients with prostate cancer (PC). For Russian population data on genotype distribution in studied SNPs was obtained. It was revealed that six of nine analyzed sites in examined locus were polymorphic. Distributions of alleles and genotypes frequency of polymorphic site 1388 T/C (Leu463Pro) in gene FMN1 (rs2306277) were distinguished between patients and control groups (delta = 0.019; chi2 = 7.884). In particular, correlation of OO genotype with increased risk of PC was observed (OR = 2.1591 95% CI 1.2055-3.8726). Moreover, the analysis of the polymorphic site 2911G/A (Glu917Arg) in gene IRS1 (rs1801278) revealed the accumulation of allele A in cancer group in comparison with control group (chi2 = 4.038; p = 0.044). Thus, the obtained data indicate the possibility of participation of polymorphism in genes FMN1 and IRS1 in formation of predisposition to PC.
Mol Gen Mikrobiol Virusol 2010
PMID:[A study of the single nucleotide polymorphism in seven genes (GHR, IGFBP3, IGFR1, IRS1, FMN1, ANXA2, TaGLN) in ethnic Russians and in patients with prostate cancer]. 2054 Mar 60

Molecular biology seems to bring more convincing markers for the detection of prostate cancer as well as the development of metastases than immunohistochemistry. The main goal of present work was to detect the expression of prostate specific antigen (PSA) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSM) genes in the micrometastases by the RT-PCR to assess the progression of prostate cancer. We analyzed 50 patients: 28 patients with clinically localized or locally advanced prostate cancer who underwent radical prostatectomy, 7 patients with clinically proven metastases, 8 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia, and 7 healthy young men. The results of RT-PCR in the first group of 28 patients varied, however, they were in good correlation with the health status of the patients. Positive results of PSA and notably for PSM were good predictors of beginning metastasing process. Seven patients with metastatic disease had positive RT-PCR results both for PSA and PSM. All of the patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and healthy young men had negative RT-PCR results for PSA and PSM. The study showed that positive RT-PCR results for PSA and especially for PSM correlated well with the progression of the disease and negative results reflected good health status of the patients.
Gen Physiol Biophys 2010 Dec
PMID:The application of the RT-PCR method for the staging of the prostate cancer progression. 2115 99

Given the relatively small impact of prostate cancer screening on cancer mortality, experts are now suggesting that chemoprevention with 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors (5-ARI) may be a more effective strategy for cancer control. Two large placebo-controlled randomized trials found that men receiving 5-ARI were about 25% less likely than controls to be detected with cancer. However, most cancers were detected on routine biopsies required by study protocols. The benefit from receiving 5-ARI was minimal among men who underwent biopsy for clinical indications. Additionally, men receiving 5-ARI were more likely than controls to be diagnosed with high-grade cancers, though post-hoc analyses adjusting for biases accounted for the excess risk in one of the studies. A recent guideline recommended that men considering prostate cancer screening also consider chemoprevention. The rationale is that reducing cancer incidence, given the known risks for overdiagnosis and subsequent overtreatment, is sufficient justification for chemoprevention. However, a large randomized controlled trial found that screening was associated with a 70% increase in prostate cancer diagnosis--which chemoprevention would then reduce by 25%. This does not seem an acceptable trade-off especially because the potential increased risk for high-grade cancers could lead to higher cancer mortality.
J Gen Intern Med 2011 Jul
PMID:Battling prostate cancer with 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors: a pyrrhic victory? 2122 71


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