Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0376358 (prostate cancer)
 59,338 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We established the assay conditions for human testicular FSH receptors using testicular tissues obtained from ten patients with prostate cancer. Based on the results of the time course study on specific FSH binding with increasing concentrations of the testicular homogenate at various temperatures, we found that the incubation was suitable at 25 degrees C for 20 hours using 10 mg wet tissue per tube. Scatchard analysis of specific FSH binding sites showed that FSH receptors in the human testicular tissue consisted of two classes of binding sites, one with a high affinity (Ka, 10(9) M-1) and the other with a low affinity (Ka, 10(8) M-1).
 ...
PMID:[A method of measurement of human testicular follicle-stimulating hormone receptors]. 322 58

The influence of temperature on human Leydig and Sertoli cell functions was investigated in vitro using the organ culture technique. Specific 125I-FSH and 125I-hCG binding sites in testes from patients with prostate cancer cultured for 1, 3, 5 or 7 days at 33 degrees C or 37 degrees C were measured and compared. There were no significant differences in 125I-FSH or 125I-hCG binding sites between the two temperature groups at 1 to 7 days of culture. Testosterone concentration in the medium obtained from testicular organ culture at 33 degrees C did not differ significantly from that at 37 degrees C at 1 to 7 days of culture. In conclusion, a high temperature may not disturb the Leydig and Sertoli cell functions in a short term.
 ...
PMID:[Influence of temperature on the function of the human testes]. 324 24

We have treated 34 patients with advanced prostate cancer, resistant to orchiectomy or oestrogen therapy, with aminoglutethimide. Seven patients (21%) showed improvement in pain and performance status for prolonged periods. By NPCP criteria six patients had stable disease and one had partial tumour response. Six of these patients remained on oestrogen therapy. Suppressed gonadotrophin levels (FSH and LH), despite orchiectomy, correlated strongly with benefit from aminoglutethimide. No relationships between response to treatment and changes in serum testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, oestradiol or prolactin were found. Six patients had side effects requiring cessation of therapy. A further 27 patients developed less severe toxicity. Despite its toxicity, these results show that aminoglutethimide has a role in the management of advanced prostatic cancer resistant to primary hormonal manipulation.
 ...
PMID:Aminoglutethimide in advanced prostatic carcinoma. 355 88

Twenty-two patients with prostatic cancer were treated for 12 to 52 weeks with the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonist, (D-Leu6)-des Gly-NH2 10-LHRH ethylamide (leuprolide). The clinical efficacy of leuprolide was evaluated at 12 weeks according to NPCP criteria. All seven patients with Stage B and C disease demonstrated a partial objective regression. The objective response rate in 12 previously untreated Stage D patients was 92% (partial regression: 5; stable disease: 6). In three relapsing Stage D patients, one demonstrated stable disease and two failed to respond to leuprolide therapy. Even though the dose of leuprolide used in this study was high, no serious side effects were observed in any patients. There was a large increase in serum FSH and LH levels during the first few days of treatment, but serum FSH and LH levels fell below the initial levels by 1 and 2 weeks, respectively. Serum testosterone fell to less than 1 ng/ml within 3 weeks, and at 12 weeks it was 7.99% of the initial level. The present study shows that chronic administration of leuprolide in high doses can safely and effectively reduce the level of serum testosterone in patients with prostatic cancer.
 ...
PMID:Efficacy of (D-Leu6)-des Gly-NH2 10-LHRH ethylamide against prostatic cancer. 391 98

Leuprolide (Lupron, TAP Pharmaceuticals), a potent agonist analogue of GnRH, has been shown to suppress testicular androgen production in animals. In order to determine the potential of leuprolide as an alternative to surgical castration in human males with prostatic cancer, this agent was administered to castrate and noncastrate males with carcinoma of the prostate. Baseline and treatment levels of LH, FSH, testosterone and dihydrotestosterone were determined serially. Leuprolide suppressed pituitary production of LH and FSH and, consequently, testicular production of testosterone and dihydrotestosterone. This agent simulates the results achieved with surgical castration.
 ...
PMID:Evaluation of synthetic agonist analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (leuprolide) on testicular androgen production in patients with carcinoma of prostate. 391 77

Peripheral serum levels of testosterone, immunoreactive oestrogens (E2), FSH, LH, prolactin and growth hormone (hGH) and two steroid-sensitive proteins, 'pregnancy-associated alpha 2-glycoprotein' (alpha 2-PAG) and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG), were measured in patients with prostatic cancer before treatment and after orchidectomy or during combined oral and intramuscular oestrogen treatment. Following orchidectomy, the serum levels of testosterone and E2 decreased whilst the levels of FSH and LH increased significantly. No changes were noted in the serum levels of alpha 2-PAG, SHBG or prolactin. Oestrogen treatment significantly decreased the serum levels of testosterone, FSH and LH whilst levels of alpha 2-PAG, SHBG and prolactin were increased significantly. Serum levels of hGH during oestrogen treatment were significantly higher than in patients subjected to orchidectomy. These data are at variance with the established dogma of the oestrogen/androgen balance as a physiological regulator or liver protein synthesis, and indicate that factors other than the endogenous steroids may be operative. hGH may play an important role in this respect.
 ...
PMID:Influence of orchidectomy or oestrogen treatment on serum levels of pregnancy associated alpha 2-glycoprotein and sex hormone binding globulin in patients with prostatic cancer. 392 1

Serum LH and FSH levels were determined before and after LH-RH injection (100 micrograms, i.m.) in patients with prostatic cancer who were chronically treated with either chlormadinone acetate (CMA, 100 mg/day) or ethynylestradiol (EE, 1 mg/day). In patients treated with EE, the levels of serum LH and FSH before and after injection of LH-RH were significantly lower than those in controls. On the other hand in patients treated with CMA, the basal levels of serum gonadotropins did not differ from those in controls, and the increase in gonadotropin after LH-RH injection was comparable to that in controls. To examine the effects of these steroids on the hypothalamo-hypophysial axis in the regulation of gonadotropin secretion, CMA or EE was implanted in castrated male rats. CMA, EE or cholesterol (control) was implanted in the hypothalamic median eminence-arcuate nucleus region through a stainless doublecannula. EE implantation resulted in a 75% decrease in serum LH (p < 0.001) and a 38% decrease in serum FSH (p < 0.05) from the control levels on day 5 of implantation. On the other hand, CMA implantation induced a 33% decrease in serum LH (p < 0.05) from the control level on day 3 of implantation, but no significant change in serum FSH levels. The injection of 2 micrograms/kg of LH-RH on day 7 of implantation induced significant lowering of LH and FSH levels. There was no significant difference between serum levels of the hormones 20 min after LH-RH injection for these two groups and those for the control group. These studies suggest that EE has a potent negative feedback effect on both LH and FSH secretion, and that CMA has a mild negative feedback effect on LH secretion.
 ...
PMID:Negative feedback effects of chlormadinone acetate and ethynylestradiol on gonadotropin secretion in patients with prostatic cancer and male rats. 616 35

An alternative program for medical castration for treatment of prostate cancer has been developed using a progestational antiandrogen, megestrol acetate (MA), in combination with small doses of diethylstilbestrol (DES; 0.1 mg/day). The administration of MA (40-80 mg/day) with 0.1 mg DES to nine patients resulted in castrate levels of plasma testosterone (less than 0.4 ng/ml) and significant suppression of both FSH and LH (P less than 0.05) for up to 12 months. Although large clinical trials must ultimately establish its safety, clinical side effects of this combined therapy to date have consisted of mild gynecomastia in two patients. The symptoms did not necessitate discontinuing the medications. It is concluded that the use of 0.1 mg DES with a minimum of 40 mg/day MA results in medical castration with sustained suppression of plasma testosterone. Because of the possible additional therapeutic advantage of blockade of intracellular androgen-mediated action by MA in androgen-dependent tumors, this combined therapy should be further explored as a possible initial treatment of choice for advanced prostate cancer.
 ...
PMID:Medical castration of males with megestrol acetate and small doses of diethylstilbestrol. 616 42

The influence of the LH-RH agonist ICI 118630 on circulating levels of the pituitary gonadotrophins LH and FSH and the gonadal steroids oestradiol, progesterone, 17-hydroxyprogesterone and testosterone has been studied in phase I clinical trials of the drug in patients with advanced breast or prostate cancer. ICI 118630 initially stimulated plasma levels of LH and FSH. On continued treatment however, the drug reversed this response and produced a rapid decline in plasma testosterone and progesterone in male and female patients respectively. Plasma oestradiol concentrations equivalent to those seen in oophorectomised or postmenopausal women were eventually produced in all 5 female patients treated with ICI 118630. In one patient however persistent follicular activity occurred until her third menstrual cycle. No appreciable side effects of the drug were observed. These data indicate that ICI 118630 initiates a castration-like endocrine response and has potential in the treatment of hormone dependent tumours of the breast and prostate.
 ...
PMID:Therapeutic significance and the mechanism of action of the LH-RH agonist ICI 118630 in breast and prostate cancer. 623 16

LH/hCG binding and concentrations of pregnenolone, progesterone, 17-hydroxy-progesterone, androstenedione, testosterone and 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone were measured in testicular tissue obtained from patients undergoing orchiectomy for prostatic cancer. One group of the orchiectomized patients had received an injection of 80 mg polyestradiol phosphate 1-9 days before the operation, another group were treated with monthly injections of the oestrogen for several months, and the remainder were not treated with oestrogen. In non-oestrogen treated patients (n = 8) the hCG-binding capacity was 28.0 +/- 15.0 (SD) ng/g and the equilibrium association constant of binding was 0.69 +/- 0.38 x 10(10) M-1. The binding capacity was significantly (P less than 0.025) lower (10.3 +/- 8.7 ng/g) in patients (n = 6) receiving the first oestrogen injection 3-9 days prior to the operation. A further decline to the level of 1.77 +/- 1.03 ng/g occurred in patients (n = 3) treated over 3 months with the oestrogen injections. At the same time, no significant changes were observed in peripheral serum LH and FSH levels. In the testicular endogenous steroid levels, statistically significant decreases were seen 9 days after the oestrogen injection in pregnenolone (from 505 +/- 315 ng/g to 138 +/- 86 ng/g) and in testosterone (from 669 +/- 243 ng/g to 254 +/- 49 ng/g) whereas no significant changes could be seen in the levels of the other steroids analysed. This study gives further evidence for the direct inhibitory action of oestrogens on human testicular steroidogenesis and suggests that the loss of testicular luteinizing hormone receptors may be one facet of this inhibitory action.
 ...
PMID:Effect of oestrogen treatment on testicular LH/HCG receptors and endogenous steroids in prostatic cancer patients. 626 94


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Next >>