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Query: UMLS:C0376358 (prostate cancer)
 59,338 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have used the technique of retropubic implantation of 125I seeds, as introduced by Whitmore and associates in 1972, in 12 selected patients with prostatic cancer. Morbidity has been minimal, and the tumor has been effectively controlled. This technique delivers more radiation and has fewer side effects than external cobalt irradiation, and it should be offered to the patient as an effective alternative to radical prostatectomy. It is best suited for patients with stage A, stage B, or small stage C lesions who have negative bone scans. Edema of the penis follows the lymphadenectomy but gradually subsides.
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PMID:An alternative to radical surgery for cancer of the prostate. 66 73

150 cases of prostate cancer treated with estrogens at the Urology clinic of the Hotel-Dieu from 1963 to 1974 are presented. The men ranged in age from 50 to 91; the majority were 60-69 years. Their clinical stages were 29% Stage 1, no perceptible mass; 43% Stage 2, nodule felt on rectal exam; 13% Stage 3, tumor extended outside the prostate but not metastases, normal prostatic phosphatases; and 15% Stage 4, elevated prostatic phasphatases and metastases. Diagnosis was by urinary symptoms in Stage 2 or above, rectal palpation, and puncture biopsy under local anesthesia. Estrogen treatment consisted of diethylstilbestrol, stilbelstrol diphosphate or TACE (Chlorotraianisene), or estradiol. Estrogen side effects were loss of libido after 1 month, gynecomastia, and nausea. Other treatments included prostatectomy in Stages 1 and 2, cobalt in 5 cases, castration in 3 cases, 1 endo-uretral resection, and 1 hypophysectomy. 50% died in 1 year and 16% were lost to follow up and presumed dead in 1 year; the mean survival of the others was 3 years. Estrogen therapy improved symptoms and reversed tumor growth temporarily in hormone-dependent cancers, but these tumors all escape hormone control eventually.
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PMID:[Course of prostate cancer under estrogen therapy]. 87 31

We have developed a technique of transurethral radiotherapy for prostatic cancer using a remote after-loading system. The radioactive source is a cobalt-60 pellet with 3.7-Ci activity. Four patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate were treated. In all patients, the local tumor response was rapid and satisfactory as judged by physical examination as well as ultrasonography. Serious complications were not seen. A new technique and preliminary clinical results are reported.
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PMID:Remote afterloading transurethral radiotherapy for prostatic cancer. 230 94

In 1985, a dosimetry intercomparison was performed at all 20 radiotherapy centres in The Netherlands. Absorbed dose was determined with an ionization chamber under reference conditions in a water phantom for cobalt-60 gamma-ray and megavoltage X-ray beams. The mean difference between measured and stated dose values was 0.5% with a standard deviation of 1.9%, but up to 6% at maximum. As soon as all institutes apply a common dosimetry protocol, this maximum difference will reduce to about 2%. In addition, an anthropomorphic phantom was irradiated to simulate the treatment of a prostatic cancer. The dose, determined with an ionization chamber at the isocentre and thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD) powder at several points situated in the target volume, the bladder and the rectum, was compared with the stated dose calculated with the local planning system. Only small differences were found between the measured and stated dose at the isocentre: on the average 1.5%, with a standard deviation of 1.5%. The difference between stated and measured dose at several points situated in the target volume was on the average 0.4%, with a standard deviation of 5.2%. Almost the same result was found for a point situated in the bladder. In the rectum, the average difference was about 4%, however, with a large standard deviation, 18%, due to the relatively steep dose gradient at these points.
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PMID:Dose intercomparison at the radiotherapy centres in The Netherlands. 1. Photon beams under reference conditions and for prostatic cancer treatment. 360 28

External beam irradiation was introduced in the 1930s for the palliation of advanced pelvic obstructive disease from carcinoma of the prostate. This treatment was superseded in the early 1940s by hormone deprivation, a remarkably effective method for palliating advanced prostatic cancer. It took some years to recognize, however, that these methods were not curative. In the mid 1950s, aggressive radiation treatment was reintroduced, largely because of the availability of deeply penetrating gamma and x-rays produced by cobalt units, linear accelerators, and betatrons. One extensive series was started at Stanford in 1956; currently over 800 patients are available for analysis. Four hundred fifty-eight patients had disease limited to the prostate (nominal Stages T2 or B), and their survival is 80% +/- 2.0% (+/- 1 standard error) at 5 years, 58% +/- 2.8% at 10 years, and 36.7% +/- 3.8% at 15 years. Three hundred eighty-five patients had extracapsular extension (nominal Stages T3 or C) and their survival is 60% +/- 5.4% at 5 years, 36% +/- 2.9% at 10 years, and 22% +/- 3.5% at 15 years. This study has demonstrated that long-term disease-free survival can be achieved after appropriate prostatic irradiation.
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PMID:Potential for radiotherapy alone in prostatic cancer. 391 22

The Patterns of Care Study data are used to correlate therapy equipment and practice characteristics with outcome, using Hodgkin's disease, prostate cancer, and cervix cancer as examples. The shift to linear accelerators and higher photon energy is supported, as is the increased use of treatment simulators. Part-time practitioners of radiation therapy and facilities whose only equipment is a less-than-80-cm cobalt unit have poor technical support and exhibit poor staging, poor achievement of minimum tumor dose, and poor patient follow-up as compared to the national average or best-performing strata of practice. These facilities should either upgrade their equipment, technical support, and level of practice or close.
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PMID:The need for complex technology in radiation oncology. Correlations of facility characteristics and structure with outcome. 391 28

The authors report a case of prostatic cancer in a 50-year-old patient, for which the sole clinical manifestation was recurrent hemospermia. There was an undoubted connection, in this case, between the hemospermia and the cancer, which is rare. The treatment was endoscopic associated with cobalt therapy. The follow-up is four years.
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PMID:[Cancer of the prostate revealed by hemospermia in a young man]. 402 12

The necessary application of a differentiated therapy for prostatic cancer requires the involvement of the N-category for determining the therapy. Hitherto existing statements on the lymphogenic metastases of this tumor have been made by means of method whose statements have been limited by the non-presentability of the pelvic lymph nodes, inflammatory-degeneratively changed lymph nodes, and micrometastases. The pelvic en-bloc-lymphadenectomy has been performed and the lymph nodes prepared in successive cuts in the light of a functional patient series of 93 prostatic cancer patients. The standardized procedure allowed statements on the distribution of the pelvic lymph nodes and the corresponding metastases, the size of the metastases and their histologic structure. In prostatic cancer is a high percentage of micrometastases. Lymphogenic metastases can already be detected in low tumor categories, on the other hand metastases are not obligatory in advanced tumors. There is no correlation between the histologic degrees of differentiation of the primary tumor and the lymphogenic metastases. Compared with the metastasis histology the primary tumor histology reveals a distinct morphologic change. According to present investigations, the lymphogenic metastases occur prior to the bone metastases. Since pelvic lymphogenic metastases cannot be covered exactly by means of the conventional methods as well as the metastases cannot be estimated in the single case, there is the necessity for making the pelvic en-bloc-lymphadenectomy before performing a localized tumor treatment such as prostatic vesiculectomy or tele cobalt therapy.
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PMID:[Lymphogenic metastases in prostatic cancer--operative and histopathologic investigations ]. 712 58

The results of systematic pelvic lymphadenectomy in 25 cases of early stage prostatic cancer treated by radiotherapy are presented. The relationship between the frequency of the metastatic lymph nodes and the staging and grading of the primary tumor is stressed; the prognostic interest of lymphadenectomy is underlined. From a therapeutic point of view, local radium therapy is associated with external cobalt therapy allowing the administration of 7,000--8,000 rad without severe complication. The results are satisfactory after a 36-month follow-up.
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PMID:The significance of lymphadenectomy in prostatic cancer. Early stage therapy. 739 98

The optimal treatment of prostate cancer in clinical stage C is controversial. On the one hand a disease still confined by definition, as stage C is, should require a curative therapy such as surgery or radiotheratherapy. On the other hand the known fact that 50% of stages C are pathological stages D1, should propose a palliative, even thou effective, medical treatment. In fact both choices are questionable. A radical treatment risks being insufficient, whereas a palliative does not allow for giving a chance of a theoretically possible cure. In an attempt to resolve this difficulty, a sort of compromise is proposed. The patients should be initially treated with radical radiotherapy, and only in the case of progression will standard hormonotherapy be given. Thanks to this behaviour a possibility of cure is maintained, and, in addition, when suffering a progression the patients are likely to benefit from hormonotherapy owing to the fact that they are not pretreated. From 1985 to 1991 forty-eight clinical stage C patients were observed. They were given the choice between two treatments after explaining the theoretical benefits and disadvantages of both. Treatment A consisted of cobalt-60 therapy followed by hormonotherapy after progression, treatment B in primary ormonotherapy with LH-RH analogue +/- Flutamide. Twenty patients opted for treatment A and 21 for B.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Treatment of prostatic carcinoma in clinical stage C. Comparison between radiotherapy plus hormonal therapy after progression and immediate hormonal therapy]. 797 84


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