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Query: UMLS:C0376358 (prostate cancer)
 59,338 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The simultaneous determination of acid phosphatase and citrate concentration in the seminal fluid obtained from 16 patients with prostatic adenoma showed normal values, 6 patiients with prostatic carcinoma (cytologically and histologically verified) however extremely low values. The difference between persons with prostatic cancer and those with adenoma became particulary obvious with both experimental results evaluated in the way of a twodimensional diagram. This clear separation of both clusters by the simultaneouse estimation of both biochemical parameters may possible get useful diagnostic significance.
Hautarzt 1978 Sep
PMID:[Citrate and acid phosphatase in the ejaculate in prostatic carcinoma and adenoma]. 8 Oct 63

Prostatic cancer kills more men than any other malignant condition except that arising from the lung. "Cancer Therapy: Prognostic Factors and Criteria of Response" predicted that there would be approximately 17 500 deaths due to this disease in the United States in 1978. Surgery is only applicable in stages A and B, when the tumour, as shown by various tests, such as measurement of the acid phosphatase value, technetium scanning and radioimmunoassay, is confined to the prostate. Ideally, the lymph glands along the iliac and obturator vessels should first be removed and quick-sectioned. If malignant cells are found in the lymph glands, the disease is considered surgically incurable and the procedure should be abandoned. If, however, the glands are disease free, a total prostatovesiculectomy should be carried out. The author also discusses the place of palliative surgery, such as transurethral resection, in the treatment of cancer of the prostate.
Can J Surg 1979 Sep
PMID:Surgical treatment of carcinoma of the prostate. 9 18

In previous studies the immunoperoxidase method was used to detect intracellular prolactin binding sites in epithelial cells of normal and neoplastic rat prostate. As an extension of this work, the same approach was used to test for and to localize prolactin binding sites in autopsy and biopsy specimens of formalin fixed, paraffin embedded human prostate. Rehydrated tissue sections were exposed to varying concentrations of human placental lactogen or human prolactin and then to human placental lactogen or human prolactin antisera. The loci of hormone binding were visualized by an immunoperoxidase staining sequence. Hormone pretreatment produced immunospecific, dose related staining inside epithelial cells of normal, hyperplastic, and neoplastic human prostate indicative of intracellular prolactin binding. The patterns of intracellular hormone binding in human prostate were similar to those seen previously in rat prostate tissue. The possible involvement of prolactin in prostatic cancer and the potential diagnostic value of the immunoperoxidase approach to hormone binding are discussed.
Hum Pathol 1979 Sep
PMID:The application of immunoperoxidase methodology for the visualization of prolactin binding sites in human prostate tissue. 9 68

This study reports the effect of a vegetarian diet and dexamethasone administration on the hormone status of healthy Caucasian men and premenopausal women. A lower nocturnal release of prolactin and testosterone occurred in men fed a vegetarian diet, while in women, dexamethasone administration decreased the nocturnal release of prolactin and caused a greater decrease of plasma dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA). These results show that diet modification can induce hormonal changes, If similar changes occur in patients with breast and/or prostatic cancer, diet modification may be of benefit in these patients with tumors known to be hormonally dependent.
Cancer Lett 1979 Sep
PMID:Effect of a vegetarian diet and dexamethasone on plasma prolactin, testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone in men and women. 15 72

Cholesterol and triglycerides were measured in plasma samples from patient with cancer of the prostate before and after 3 months treatment with either Premarin, Provera, Provera and diethylstilbestrol, or diethylstilbestrol alone. Cholesterol was also measured before and after one of three doses of diethylstilbestrol or placebo. Pretreatment cholesterol levels at 196 +/- 1.3 mg per 100 ml (X +/- SE, N = 1093) were significantly lower than these reported for similar age group noncancer controls. Significant increases occurred with some of the estrogen treatments. Pretreatment cholesterol levels showed a significant negative correlation with age in Stage III and IV patients of both studies and a positive correlation with hemoglobin in Stage III patients of both studies. Pretreatment triglyceride levels at 120 +/- 1.9 mg per 100 ml (X +/- SE, N = 1089) were similar to levels reported for noncancer controls of similar age. Estrogen treatment produced a significant increase in triglyceride levels. Serum triglycerides were significantly correlated with hemoglobin, weight, and cholesterol and negatively correlated with age, Analysis of covariance for both cholesterol and triglycerides showed highly significant treatment effects, but no stage effects and no stage-treatment interactions. It showed that the pretreatment value is of extreme importance for predicting or explaining the 3-month value. Death rates were calculated by level of pretreatment cholesterol or pretreatment triglycerides for all Stage II and IV patients, all treatments combined, and for Study 2 and Study 3 separately. No consistent trends were evident for cholesterol. Spearman correlation coefficients between category of initial triglyceride value and rank of death rate were computed to test for a quadratic effect. When the absolute values of the initial triglyceride values minus the overall mean were correlated with the death rate, a significant negative correlation was found for all causes of death and for deaths due to cardiovascular disease and prostatic cancer. These results indicate that the death rate is highest near the overal mean for initial triglyceride values and decreases as the initial values deviate above or below the mean. Initial triglyceride levels appear to have potential as indicators of risk of death in patients with prostatic cancer. The percentage of patients dead at 1 year by initial triglyceride levels, measured only in Study 3, revealed a pattern similar to that observed for the death rate, that is, the highest percentages were associated with values near the overall mean.
Cancer 1976 Sep
PMID:Response of serum cholesterol and triglycerides to hormone treatment and the relation of pretreatment values to mortality in patients with prostatic cancer. 18 47

Fibrinogen and plasminogen were measured in plasma samples from prostatic cancer patients before and after 3 months of treatment with either Premarin, Provera, Provera and diethylstilbestrol, one of three doses of diethylstilbestrol, or placebo. Plasminogen levels generally were increased significantly with the estrogens but were unchanged following placebo or Provera treatment. Pretreatment plasminogen levels in Study 3 were significantly lower (p less than .001) than in Study 2. Plasminogen pretreatment levels were significantly correlated with age, hemoglobin, body weight, and blood pressure. Fibrinogen pretreatment levels were significantly elevated above normal. They were not significantly with age, hemoglobin, body weight, or blood pressure. Fibrinogen levels generally were significantly decreased by the estrogens. Comparisons of means of pretreatment fibrinogen and plasminogen levels from patients dying during the first year of the study with the mean pretreatment levels of the patient group alive after 1 year on study yielded no significant differences. Death rates were calculated by pretreatment plasminogen or fibrinogen for all treatments of all Stage III and Stage IV patients combined for Study 2 and Study 3 separately. Such rates were calculated for all causes combined and for deaths from prostatic cancer or cardiovascular disease separately. The levels of plasminogen were significnatly negatively correlated with death rate from all causes combined and with cardiovascular disease considered separately, but not with death from prostatic cancer. The levels of fibrinogen were signigicantly positively correlated with death rates from all cuses and nearly significantly with prostatic cancer, but not cardiovascular disease. Elvated pretreatment fibrinogen levels were associated with an increased proportion of deaths at 1 year from all causes and from cancer of the prostate.
Cancer 1976 Sep
PMID:Response of plasma fibrinogen and plasminogen to hormone treatment and the relation of pretreatment values to mortality in patients with prostatic cancer. 18 48

Cells from spontaneous adenocarcinomas of the prostate (Pollard, M.: J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 51: 1235, 1973) in aged Lobund Wistar rats were examined by electron microscopy. Cytologic structures of the rat prostate tumor cells resembled analogous structures from human prostate tumor cells. These findings support the prospect that the rat prostate tumor will provide a model system of prostate cancer in man.
Invest Urol 1976 Sep
PMID:Ultrastructural cytology of prostate carcinoma cells from Wistar rats. 18 62

Eighty-eight patients with metastatic and hormonally unresponsive carcinoma of the prostate gland were treated with a multiagent chemotherapy protocol. Because of the difficulty in evaluating the response of patients to therapy, data were collected in a prospective fashion and analyzed for clinical or laboratory changes that correlated with improved survivorship. Decrease of initially abnormal values of either acid or alkaline phosphotase into the normal range was associated with prolonged survival; weight gain of more than 10% was also associated with improved survival. Thirty-three patients demonstrated a fall of acid or alkaline phosphatase into the normal range or they increased their weight by at least 10%. The median survival time for this group of patients was 76.1 weeks as compared to 28.2 weeks for patients who failed to exhibit these changes. In future studies of the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer, these changes might be used as criteria of response to therapy.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1979 Sep
PMID:Treatment of metastatic endocrine-unresponsive carcinoma of the prostate gland with multiagent chemotherapy: indicators of response to therapy. 38 51

Acid phosphatase was the first "tumor marker" to be measured in the blood, and over 40 years have passed since an elevation of the serum acid phosphatase level was observed in patients with prostatic carcinoma. However, significant elevations in the level of this enzyme have been observed in other diseases, as well as elevations of other tissue phosphatases. Many improvements in the colorimetric technique have been introduced, but none has been used successfully to detect the tissue origin of this ubiquitous enzyme. The finding that prostatic acid phosphatase is antigenically distinct from acid phosphatase of other tissues opened a new horizon in the measurement of acid phosphatase in prostatic cancer. On the basis of this immunochemical specificity, several immunoassays have been employed for determining the prostatic acid phosphatase level.
Hum Pathol 1979 Sep
PMID:Acid phosphatase: new developments. 39 9

The effect of flutamide, a potent nonsteroidal antiandrogen, on the metabolism of iv tracers of [3H]estradiol was studied in five patients with advanced prostate cancer. The drug produced no change in the percentage of the injected radioactivity recovered in urine or in the glucuronide or nonglucuronide conjugate fractions. Of the five individual metabolites that were quantitated, estrone, estradiol, and estriol were unaffected by flutamide, but the drug caused striking decreases in conversion of estradiol to 2-hydroxyestrone (4.0% vs. 7.4%) (P less than 0.005) and 2-methoxyestrone (1.1% vs. 2.6%; P less than 0.05); every one of the patients showed a marked fall in recovery of both of these compounds. This depression of the formation of 2-oxygenated metabolites is reminiscent of the findings in liver disease; the same abnormality occurs regularly in cirrhosis and frequently in extrahepatic biliary obstruction. Taken together with our previous studies of the effects of flutamide on testosterone and cortisol metabolism, this study demonstrates that flutamide produces multiple functional, reversible, cirrhosis-like disturbances of steroid metabolism. Because these disturbances are universal in the patients studied regardless of whether they had clinical responses to flutamide, we doubt that the steroid metabolic changes play a role in the therapeutic effect of the drug.
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1979 Sep
PMID:Effect of flutamide on estradiol metabolism. 46 81


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