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Query: UMLS:C0376358 (prostate cancer)
 59,338 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Clinical observations on prostatic cancer were studied in 27 patients who had been managed in our department between April, 1980 and December, 1986. The mean age at the time of initial clinical visit was 70.6 years old with a range of 55 to 88 years old. Of all 27 patients, 15 men (55.6%) were senior citizens over 70 years old and indeed 23 men (85.2%) were over 60 years old. According to the general rules for clinical and pathological studies on prostatic cancer, there were 10 patients with stage A, 2 patients with stage B, and 15 patients with stage D disease. However, none of our patients had stage C foci of prostatic cancer. Histopathologically, biopsied or surgically resected specimen all showed adenocarcinoma. More frequently the incidence of poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma was found in the specimen from the patients with advanced clinical disease. Anti-androgen therapy with castration or a combined hormonal manipulation initially was done in 25 patients. Simple hormonal treatment using chlormadinone acetate (CMA) was given in 13 patients. Of 25 patients who received hormone treatment, 22 underwent castration whereas, 12 of 13 having undergone single hormonal therapy were castrated. Combined chemohormonal therapy using UFT and CMA or additionally given estramustine phosphate disodium (Estracyt) was subjected only to stage D disease of prostatic cancer. Of 15 patients surgically treated, 11 received transurethral resection of the prostate on the basis of initial diagnosis of benign prostate hypertrophy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Clinical study on prostatic cancer patients]. 272 21

Both anticancer and adverse reactions of Estracyt were investigated by oral administration to 200 patients with prostatic cancer. Two capsules of Estracyt were given twice a day and the administration was principally continued for more than six months. The 200 patients consisted of 68 and 132 patients who were previously untreated and treated, respectively. Thirty seven cases had been treated only with Estracyt and 132 cases also received other treatments. Seventy-five cases were of primary therapy, 71 cases were of maintenance therapy, and 27 cases were of the re-activated stage therapy and 27 cases were of other categories. In conclusion, among the 190 cases for which the due judgement of the effect was possible, Estracyt was markedly effective in 40 cases (21.1%), effective in 43 cases (22.6%), slightly effective in 38 cases (20.0%) and ineffective in 69 cases (36.3%). Adverse reactions were observed in 67 cases (33.5%), among which the administration was discontinued in 18 cases.
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PMID:[The phase IV studies with Estracyt in prostatic cancer]. 305 33

Tumor oriented anticancer agents with estrogen as a carrier have been extensively studied since 1950's. Only Estracyt and bestrabucil have been evaluated to be useful in clinical trials. Although the use of estrogen as a carrier for anticancer agents aimed at the development of the anticancer drug for the receptor mediated chemotherapy, these two drugs did not show any affinity to estrogen receptor. The history tells us that the development of anticancer agents for the estrogen receptor mediated chemotherapy is extremely difficult. Estracyt is reported to exert its anticancer effect on prostate cancer through the specific binding to the estramustine binding protein (EMBP) which is present only in the prostate gland and cancer. Bestrabucil shows the selective uptake by the various malignant cells and is indicated that bestrabucil exerts its anti-cancer effects on various malignant tumors including breast cancer and hematopoietic malignancy, through the affinity to malignant cells. The mechanism is unknown and to be elucidated.
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PMID:[Tumor-oriented anti-cancer agent with estrogen as a carrier]. 329 67

One problem in the management of prostatic cancer is that about half of the patients with this disease have metastatic lesions at first diagnosis and therefore tend to be given palliative rather than radical therapy. We report here a patient with stage D prostatic cancer who was treated with a single regimen of estramustine phosphate (Estracyt). The patient was a 63-year-old man who was admitted to Keio University Hospital because of sudden onset of double vision. Under a presumptive diagnosis of brain tumor, he underwent thorough examination including brain CT, Ga and bone scan and basic blood tests, which revealed an extraordinarily high level of acid phosphatase. He was therefore referred to our urological division for investigation of possible prostatic cancer. On the basis of the results of urological examinations, a diagnosis of prostatic cancer, stage D, was confirmed. Accordingly, radical surgery was not indicated and instead he was started on oral Estracyt, to which he responded well. He has been enjoying a comfortable life to date, over one and a half years after initial referral.
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PMID:[Stage D1 prostatic cancer benefited by a single regimen of Estracyt]. 336 73

In a prospective multicenter study, 244 men with highly or moderately differentiated prostatic cancer in stage I, II or III (VACURG) were consecutively randomized to three groups of treatment: Group A (77 patients) received polyestradiol phosphate (Estradurin, Leo) 80 mg i.m. every fourth week + ethinyl estradiol (Etivex, Leo) 150 micrograms daily, group B (72 patients) estramustine phosphate (Estracyt, Leo) 280 mg twice daily, and group C (76 patients) no therapy. Only men without current or previous other malignancy and without cardiovascular disease were admitted to the study. After 4 1/2 years 125 of the 244 patients had left the study, 9 because of cancer progression (stage IV, VACURG). The most serious complications were cardiovascular, including ischemic heart disease, cardiac decompensation, cerebral ischemia and venous thromboembolism, which occurred in 24 patients from group A and 9 from group B as compared to only one patient in group C. The subgroup superficial or deep venous thrombosis comprised 11 group A and 2 group B patients. Estrogens (E + e) offered as palliative treatment to patients with non-generalized prostatic carcinoma is burdened with a high incidence of serious cardiovascular complications.
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PMID:Cardiovascular complications of estrogen therapy for nondisseminated prostatic carcinoma. A preliminary report from a randomized multicenter study. 352 68

In summary, the completed NPCP clinical trials have demonstrated that treatment with single antitumor agents and some combinations provide potential benefit to men with metastatic disease, both in those who have failed conventional hormonal therapy as well as those with newly diagnosed metastatic lesions. A summary of overall objective response rates in trials conducted on hormone-refractory patients is shown in Tables 17 and 18. In addition to demonstrating that chemotherapy can elicit a favorable response in patients with relapsing stage D disease, the NPCP has demonstrated that patients who respond to chemotherapy survive significantly longer than nonresponders. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated in these patients that objective partial regressions have been seen only with chemotherapy. Active single agents in prostatic cancer include methotrexate, cis-platinum, Estracyt, cyclophosphamide, 5-FU, DTIC, and streptozotocin. Finally, there may be some benefit in terms of response rate and survival when adding chemotherapy to conventional hormone therapy in patients with previously untreated stage D disease.
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PMID:Results of trials of the USA National Prostatic Cancer Project. 389 31

23 patients with prostatic cancer were treated with (Estracyt) estramustine phosphate disodium, (Hexron) hexestrol, and (Honvah) diethylstilbestrol 4, 4-diphosphoric ester. 16 cases were given 560-840 mg of Estracyt, 6 cases 30 mg of Hexron, and 1 case 200 mg of Honvan orally daily. Fasting serum lipids and lipoproteins fractions were measured before and during this treatment with these drugs. The results were as follows. 1) In the 1-2 months of Estracyt administration a decrease of (TC) total cholesterol and extreme increase of (TG) triglycerides were confirmed. 2) In those 5 cases where 840 mg of Estracyt/day was given, almost no difference was observed in their TC, (NEFA) free fatty acids, or (PL) phospholipid values. 3) Cardiovascular complications although not serious, were found in 2 cases of the group receiving Estracyt. With these 2 cases, their beta+pre-beta/alpha lipoprotein fraction ratio decline was either very gradual or rather turned to increase markedly despite the extreme rise of their TG values. 4) The serum lipid values in the group receiving Hexron did not show any obvious changes in TG. These values did not change much in the first 5-6 months but an increase was seen between 7-9 months. Lipoprotein fractions were similar to those in the Estracyt group. 5) With those receiving Honvan, TG values began to rise 2-4 weeks following administration. In view of the above results, the coronary risk factors which are a consequence of Estracyt, Honvan, or Hexron ingestion for treatment of prostatic cancer must be taken very seriously and must be closely monitored. (Authors' modified)
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PMID:[Clinical studies on serum lipids in the patients with tumor of the prostate gland. 2nd. Report. Changes of serum lipids and lipoprotein fractions during the treatment of estramustine phosphate disodium, hexestrol and diethylstilbestrol 4, 4-diphosphoric ester for the patients with prostatic cancer (author's transl)]. 615 1

Six prospective studies in the field of prostatic carcinoma have been carried out to date by the EORTC Urological Group. In three phase II studies, adriamycin, procarbazine, vindesine, and mitomycin C have been studied. Two of the three protocols have been completed. In three phase III studies, 3 mg of diethylstilbestrol (DES) is compared to cyproterone acetate (CPA), medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), and Estramustin phosphate (Estracyt). These two protocols have been closed to entry. The current protocol compares DES, 1 mg, to castration and to cyproterone acetate plus castration. From the phase II studies, no drug has emerged that is recommended for treatment of hormone-resistant prostatic cancer. The endocrine protocols, designed for the primary treatment of T3, T4, and M1 carcinoma of the prostate, have resulted in several important observations. Responses to DES, 3 mg/day, and to Estracyt were very similar and amounted to 25-30%. There was somewhat less objective response in the CPA and significantly less (P = 0.005) in the MPA group. It has become evident that DES at a dosage of 3 mg/day carries a significantly higher risk of overall cardiovascular toxicity than does cyproterone acetate, but severe cardiovascular complications did not differ between treatment groups. Up to now, no differences in survival were observed within the different treatment groups. Grade, local tumor extension, and performance were found to have a significant impact on survival.
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PMID:Treatment of prostatic cancer: the EORTC experience--preliminary results of prostatic carcinoma trials. 623 35

Cisobitan, an organosilicon compound with estrogenic and antigonadotropic properties has been evaluated clinically in comparison with an estrogen preparation. In a multicenter study a total of 140 patients with well and moderately well differentiated prostatic cancer were randomly allocated to treatment with Cisobitan or Estradurin/Etivex, 70 to each group. Of 34 patients with poorly differentiated prostatic cancer 18 were given Cisobitan--and 16 were given Estracyt-treatment. Among the patients with well and moderately well differentiated prostatic cancer there were, disregarding mortality, no major differences in subjective, objective or laboratory response to the two kinds of treatment. The pattern of side effects was similar, but oedema requiring diuretics occurred more often in the estrogen treated group. There was a significant difference in mortality at 12 months between the groups, two in the Cisobitan group and ten in the estrogen treated group. Cancer was the cause of death in two patients in the estrogen treated group. All other patients succumbed in cardiovascular diseases. At 24 months the difference in mortality rate was less pronounced: Another ten patients had died in the Cisobitan treated group and seven among the estrogen treated patients. Cancer was responsible for the deaths in seven of the Cisobitan patients compared to four of the estrogen treated patients. Within three years one more patient in both groups had died. Of the 34 patients with poorly differentiated cancer, twelve were alive at the 24 months' follow up, six in the Cisobitan group and six in the Estracyt group.
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PMID:Cisobitan in treatment of prostatic cancer. A prospective controlled multicentre study. 634 76

Patients with locally advanced (category T3-4 of the TNM system) and metastatic prostatic cancer, not previously treated, seen by one of the authors (P.H.S.) have been entered into EORTC Protocol 30762 which has compared the therapeutic effects of estramustine phosphate (Estracyt) and of diethyl-stilboestrol (DES) as primary treatment. A gradual and as yet unexplained rise in the total leucocyte count was seen in patients treated with estramustine phosphate. This was always apparent within 2 months of starting treatment and did not change significantly thereafter unless treatment was stopped, when the raised values soon returned to normal. In four patients in whom the white cell count rose to levels above the normal range a neutrophil leucocytosis was always reported. The cause of this is not yet understood.
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PMID:Change in white cell count during treatment of advanced cancer of the prostate with estramustine phosphate and with stilboestrol. 634 45


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