Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0376358 (prostate cancer)
 59,338 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In the 36 months since its inception, the National Prostatic Cancer Project treatment subgroup has randomly assigned over 360 patients with progressive advanced prostatic cancer who were no longer responsive to endocrine manipulation to either one of four different clinical studies. The initial study demonstrated a clear superiority for 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cyclophosphamide over continued conventional therapy. Beneficial responses were documented and are associated with increased survival rates and relief from pain and other symptoms. A proportionately larger number of patients obtained clinical benefit (stable and partial regression) on cyclophosphamide than on standard or 5-FU therapy. The criteria for evaluation of patients are supported by the survival data, ie, responders have survived for a longer period of time than those patients who continued in progression. Preliminary data from the subsequent protocols have documented a 30% response (stable and partial regression) in patients receiving oral estramustine phosphate and definite responses in patients treated with DTIC; Too few patients have been treated with Leo 1031 to offer total response rates at this time, although the early results are promising. These clinical studies have firmly established a place for chemotherapy in the management of prostatic cancer. New trials will introduce single- and multiple-drug chemotherapy at earlier phases of the clinical course of prostatic cancer patients.
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PMID:National randomized study of chemotherapeutic agents in advanced prostatic carcinoma: a progress report. 14 26

Estramustine has been shown previously to be an effective drug in the treatment of metastatic prostatic cancer, demonstrating significant objective and subjective responses in long-term non-randomized trials and in other randomized trials. In this study prednimustine alone has shown a minimal over-all objective response rate of 12.9% of the cases, although with marked subjective improvement of pain relief and patient performance status. The combination of prednimustine with estramustine did not result in improvement of objective or subjective response parameters. The effects in terms of responses or in terms of toxicity for either agent were not additive when they were given in combination. Cross-over for those patients whose disease progressed on prednimustine therapy to estramustine had some benefit in over-all survival. Prednimustine alone or in combination with estramustine may be used safely and could improve markedly the quality of life for irradiated patients with advanced prostatic cancer who failed on hormonal treatment and have too poor a bone marrow reserve to be treated by other currently available myelosuppressive agents.
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PMID:The use of estramustine and prednimustine versus prednimustine alone in advanced metastatic prostatic cancer patients who have received prior irradiation. 45 47

Estramustine has been shown previously to be an effective drug in the treatment of metastatic prostatic cancer, demonstrating significant objective and subjective responses in long-term non-randomized trials and in other randomized trials. In this study prednimustine alone has shown a minimal over-all objective response rate of 12.9 percent of the cases, although with marked subjective improvement of pain relief and patient performance status. The combination of prednimustine with estramustine did not result in improvement of objective or subjective response parameters. The effects in terms of responses or in terms of toxicity for either agent were not additive when they were given in combination. Cross-over for those patients whose disease progressed on prednimustine therapy to estramustine had some benefit in over-all survival. Prednimustine alone or in combination with estramustine may be used safely and could improve markedly the quality of life for irradiated patients with advanced prostatic cancer who failed on hormonal treatment and have too poor a bone marrow reserve to be treated by other currently available myelosuppressive agents.
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PMID:The use of estramustine and prednimustine versus prednimustine alone in advanced metastatic prostatic cancer patients who have received prior irradiation. 75 26

We treated 21 patients with stage D prostatic adenocarcinoma who had had unsuccessful hormonal therapy with a combination of 600 mg. per M.2 per day estramustine phosphate (Estracyt) and 15 mg. per M.2 per day prednimustine (Stereocyt, Leo 1031) in daily oral doses. Estramustine is a combination of estradiol and nitrogen mustard, and alone has shown objective responses in advanced prostatic cancer. Prednimustine is an ester of chlorambucil and prednisone. The preliminary results (after 2 to 9 months of therapy) show 5 patients (24 per cent) did not benefit from the drug and 7 patients (33 per cent) are stable. These preliminary results indicate the possible advantage of adding an alkylating agent (prednimustine) to estramustine in advanced prostatic carcinoma. Currently, a national randomized trial by the National Prostatic Cancer Project is evaluating this therapeutic innovation.
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PMID:Combined therapy of advanced prostatic carcinoma with estramustine and prednimustine. 83 97

Chlorambucil plus prednisolone were administered to 11 patients with metastasis hormone refractory prostatic cancer, and the results were contrasted with a previously reported series of 23 similar patients treated with the chemical conjugate of these two agents, known as prednimustine or Leo 1031. The conjugated form of treatment (Leo 1031) had a limited therapeutic advantage, in that 3 patients experienced shrinkage of an enlarged prostate, 2 of whom also had elevated acid phosphatase levels return to normal and 5 others experienced only subjective improvement. There were, however, more adverse side effects in this group than those noted in patients treated with the combination of agents. Patients treated with the combination of drugs experienced no appreciable tumor shrinkage and none had acid phosphatase return to normal, although some reduction was noted in 8 of 11 patients who had elevated levels initially. Two of the 11 patients were considered stable for twelve months and one other remained ambulatory with mild pain for six months. Thus, to the degree that these studies permit, it is judged that the conjugated agent may have some limited therapeutic advantage not observed when the unconjugated agents were used.
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PMID:Chemotherapy in metastatic, hormone refractory prostatic cancer using chlorambucil in combination with prednisolone versus conjugate, prednimustine (Leo 1031). 701 69

In experimental and clinical phase II trials GnRH agonists were shown to possess antitumor activity in ovarian cancer. The outcome of prostatic cancer was also improved experimentally by a combination of cytostatic chemotherapy and GnRH analogs. Encouraged by these results, we administered micro-encapsulated triptorelin (Decapeptyl CR), 3.75 mg on the first day of each chemotherapy course, to 15 patients with advanced ovarian cancer in addition to adjuvant, carboplatin-containing chemotherapy (Carboplatin, Epirubicin, Prednimustine and Carboplatin, Etoposide) after radical surgery. Patients received a total of 6 courses. After the completion of combined chemotherapy GnRH analogs were continued for another 6 months at 28-day intervals. Results were compared with those obtained in a group of 15 ovarian cancer patients receiving the same chemotherapy regimen without GnRH medication. At a median follow-up of 36 months no significant differences were seen in terms of response, survival and time to progression. However, patients undergoing chemotherapy+triptorelin tended to show a more positive outcome than those on chemotherapy alone. G1 and G2 tumors in particular were found to respond better to the combined treatment regimen.
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PMID:Triptorelin (D-Trp-6-LHRH) in combination with carboplatin-containing polychemotherapy for advanced ovarian cancer: a pilot study. 813 70