Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0376358 (prostate cancer)
 59,338 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Newly developed somatostatin analogues may be useful agents in the treatment of breast and prostate cancer. Potential mechanisms of antitumor action include suppression of circulating levels of trophic hormones and growth factors as well as direct effects at the tumor level, potentially involving autocrine/paracrine mechanisms. Pilot clinical trials conducted in heavily pretreated women with advanced breast cancer indicate that SMS 201-995 (Sandostatin R) has minimal toxicity and moderately suppresses stimulated growth hormone secretion and basal somatomedin-C level. Somatostatin analogues have also been found to retard the growth of experimental prostate cancer, particularly when used in combination with LHRH analogues. The therapeutic efficacy of these compounds used alone or in combination with other agents in the treatment of breast and prostate cancer remains to be established in larger clinical trials involving less heavily pretreated patients.
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PMID:Somatostatin analogues in the treatment of breast and prostate cancer. 198 Oct 12

Sandostatin, a synthetic octapeptide analog of a native hormone somatostatin, was labeled with a commonly available, inexpensive radionuclide, 99mTc, and evaluated for its suitability for in vivo imaging. Labeling was accomplished by reduction of the cystine bridge, which provided two sulfhydryl groups for chelation with 99mTc. The complex was examined for thermodynamic stability in vitro and in experimental animals. Receptor specificity of the complex was determined using rat brain cortex membrane rich in somatostatin receptors, and its tissue distribution was studied in nude mice bearing human prostate cancer. In these studies, 99mTc-labeled oxytocin, a nonspecific peptide with similar molecular weight, served as a control and 111In-DTPA-octreotide served as a standard. The labeling method was simple, did not require protecting and deprotecting functional groups and yields were high (ca. 70%). The in vitro and in vivo stability was excellent, and Kd values were in the nanomolar range, similar to those of 111In-DTPA-octreotide. At 24 hours post-injection, the tumor uptake for 99mTc-Sandostatin, expressed as percent of injected dose per gram (% ID/g), was higher, but the tumor/blood and tumor/muscle ratios were lower than those for 111In-DTPA-octreotide. This agent, with its improved target-to-nontarget ratios, should prove to be of value for imaging somatostatin receptor-positive tumors.
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PMID:Sandostatin labeled with 99mTc: in vitro stability, in vivo validity and comparison with 111In-DTPA-octreotide. 887 94

In this pilot study, the predictive value of Octreotide scintigraphy (Octreoscan) and/or Chromogranin-A (CgA) was investigated in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer treated with Octreotide acetate. In total, 20 patients with progressive disease and bone metastases entered the trial. At baseline Octreoscan, CgA, PSA, alkaline phosphates (ALP) and two self-administered questionnaires (EORTC QLQ C-30 (v3) and brief pain index) were performed and a diary of the pharmaceutical was started. The treatment consisted of Octreotide (Sandostatin LAR) acetate 30 mg intramuscular injection every month. The blood samples and questionnaires were repeated every month until 3 months. Clinical responder was defined as a patient with increased global health score more than 10 units and stable or decreased pain score without an increase in analgesic. In all, 17 patients were treated per protocol, and four were assessed as clinical responders. Six patients developed a reduction in ALP (median -26%, range -5 to -78%). All patients increased in PSA. At baseline, three patients had a negative Octreoscan and the patients with positive lesions, demonstrated uptake of low intensity. At baseline the CgA was elevated above the normal range in 15 of the patients, and during treatment five patients decreased their CgA to the normal range. Neither baseline Octreoscan nor CgA could identify the clinical reponders. A minority of patients improves their health-related quality of life. The decrease and normalization of CgA levels in five patients during therapy indicates therapeutic activity but Octreoscan and CgA could not identify clinical responders.
Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2006
PMID:Octreotide scintigraphy and Chromogranin A do not predict clinical response in patients with octreotide acetate-treated hormone-refractory prostate cancer. 1623 Oct 13