Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0376358 (prostate cancer)
 59,338 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a series of studies of the immunobiological sequelae of oestrogens, the in-vitro effect of diethystilboestrol (DES) and the luteinizing-hormone-releasing-hormone leuprolide (Lupron) on the lytic activity of natural killer (NK) cells have been evaluated. Ficoll-Hypaque gradient-isolated human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were pre-incubated with varying concentrations of DES and leuprolide and the degree of lysis for the human erythroleukemia K-562 cell line was evaluated in a 51Cr-release assay. PBMC pre-incubated with DES exhibited an 82% reduction in the ability of NK cells to lyse K-562 target cells compared with a negligible 3% increase with leuprolide (p less than 0.001) vs. untreated PBMC. The inhibitory effects of DES or leuprolide were not due to cytotoxicity since the viability of PBMC incubated for 18 and 24 h (corresponding to the DES/leuprolide preincubation time and the NK cell assay, respectively) was comparable to that of untreated (control) cells. These observations demonstrate the further suppressive effects of DES on components of immunosurveillance. Pending evaluation of the effect of leuprolide on the activity of NK cells for other target cells, and other parameters of immunologic responsiveness, leuprolide may prove to be a favorable alternative to DES, both in view of its reduced clinical side-effects, and because of the suggested absence of deleterious effects to the immune system. Maintenance of tumour-host equilibrium, and some degree of immunocompetency, in the presence of effective therapy with leuprolide, may prove beneficial in achieving more effective therapy in prostate cancer patients.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:In vitro effects of diethylstilboestrol and the LHRH analogue leuprolide on natural killer cell activity. 245 86

The Dunning R3327 tumor represents a system for studying prostate cancer in Copenhagen X Fischer rats. Animals bearing variant sublines (H, G, and MAT-LyLu) differing in growth rate, differentiation, hormone responsiveness, and metastatic ability were assayed for three immunological markers. Spleens were passed through a tissue sieve, and mononuclear cells were obtained by Ficoll-Hypaque centrifugation. These were assayed for leukocytic subsets using monoclonal antibodies. An adherent population was isolated and evaluated using thin-layer chromatography for conversion of radiolabeled arachidonic acid to E series prostaglandins. Finally, sera from these animals were assayed for levels of circulating immune complexes using polyethylene glycol precipitation. Data from 52 rats bearing the various tumors were obtained, correlated with subline aggressiveness, and compared to 15 controls. Each tumor group demonstrated significantly lower helper/suppressor T-cell ratios than controls, probably due to general tumor presence. In addition, the most aggressive R3327 MAT-LyLu variant had significantly increased prostaglandin E synthesis by adherent spleen cells compared to the H or G sublines and significantly increased levels of circulating immune complexes relative to the H subline. G subline values for both prostaglandin E and circulating immune complexes levels were intermediate, suggesting that these markers correlate better with tumor aggressiveness than helper/suppressor T-cell ratios.
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PMID:Immunoregulatory markers in rats carrying Dunning R3327 H, G, or MAT-LyLu prostatic adenocarcinoma variants. 349 74

Thirty-one bone marrow aspirations were performed on patients with prostatic carcinoma metastatic to bone. After separation over a Ficoll-Hypaque gradient viable nucleated cells were cultured in semisolid agar. Colony formation occurred in 14 of 27 (52%) nonbacterially contaminated cultures. Characterization of cells from the colonies showed them to be consistent with malignant prostate cells. After staining, these cells were periodic acid-Schiff positive, prostatic acid phosphatase positive, and prostatic specific antigen positive. Other studies demonstrated the cells to be karyotypically abnormal, ultrastructurally similar to epithelial cells, and capable of secondary colony formation. Three bone marrow aspirate specimens did not have metastatic prostatic carcinoma detected by standard methods but did demonstrate colony formation. However, colony formation was most frequently seen when a radionuclide scan was positive at the aspiration site and when tumor cells were microscopically detectable by Wright staining of a smeared aspirate. The potential utility of colony forming cultures in prostate cancer is discussed. In working with bone marrow aspirates, additional cell separation procedures may be required to calculate and maximize plating efficiencies.
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PMID:Growth in semisolid agar of prostate cancer cells obtained from bone marrow aspirates. 370 87

Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production by peripheral blood leukocytes from bladder cancer patients was compared with that of patients with prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia, nontumor-bearing patients with bacterial infections, and normal controls. Leukocyte preparations including mononuclear cells isolated on a Ficoll-Hypaque density gradient (Fraction 2) and glass-nonadherent mononuclear cells (Fraction 3) were stimulated with Protein A from Staphylococcus aureus, and IFN-gamma production was monitored 24 hr later. The class of interferon produced was identified by antibody neutralization experiments which clearly showed S. aureus Protein A-induced interferon to be IFN-gamma. There was significantly heightened IFN-gamma production by Fraction 3 cells from bladder cancer patients and patients with bacterial infections. Heightened IFN-gamma production by bladder cancer patients was not observed in the Fraction 2 cells. No correlation was observed between IFN-gamma production and patients with invasive or noninvasive bladder cancer, but IFN-gamma production was lower in patients having Stage C or D tumors than in those having Stage A or B tumors. These results in conjunction with previous reports demonstrating heightened IFN-gamma production during periods of antigenic stimulation suggest that bladder tumors may induce a cell-mediated immune response in the host as evidenced by the elevation in IFN-gamma production. Moreover, the results suggest that macrophages may be important regulators of IFN-gamma production in bladder cancer patients.
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PMID:Heightened interferon-gamma production by mononuclear cells from bladder cancer patients. 642 91