Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0376358 (prostate cancer)
 59,338 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Twenty-five patients with advanced prostatic cancer progressing after one course of endocrine treatment entered a phase II study of weekly administration of 30 mg Idarubicin orally. Twenty-two patients were evaluable for response and partial response (PR) was noted in 2 patients and stable disease (NC) in 10 patients. Median survival was 31 weeks and median time to progression was 14 weeks. Twenty-three patients were eligible in a score system combining analgetic consumption and pain reduction measured on a Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) and 30% achieved a subjective response. Fifteen patients fulfilled treatment with the planned dose and 10 patients had dose reduction to a median of 23.8 mg Idarubicin. Haematological toxicity was greater than or equal to grade 3 (WHO) in 20% of the patients. Non-haematological toxicity was dominated by nausea/vomiting with 48% grade 3 (WHO). In conclusion, Idarubicin seems of limited value in the treatment of patients refractory to first line endocrine treatment.
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PMID:Weekly oral idarubicin in advanced prostatic cancer. A phase II study. 162 55

We report the use of the steroidal aromatase inhibitor, 4-hydroxyandrostenedione (4-OHA, CGP 32349), in the management of patients with advanced, hormone resistant, prostatic cancer. Eighteen of 25 patients (72%) showed a subjective response, mainly in the form of pain relief and increased performance. There were no objective improvements. A tumour flare occurred in 17/25 (68%). Detailed endocrine studies were performed during treatment. These showed that suppression of serum oestradiol levels occurred in 19/25 (76%) of patients during treatment with 4-OHA. Serum levels of androstenedione increased in 9/14 patients (64%). Concentration of serum testosterone and 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone were elevated in 3/14 (21%) and 2/11 (18%) patients respectively. There appeared to be no correlation between response or tumour flare and changes in steroid levels during treatment with 4-OHA. The mechanism of action of 4-OHA in palliating patients with advanced prostatic cancer remains obscure. 4-OHA or its metabolites may be acting on metastatic bone metabolism via effects on oestrogen related osteoclastic and osteoblastic activity. Further investigation of the effects of aromatase inhibitors on prostatic biology, and bone metabolism in patients with metastatic prostate cancer, would appear worthwhile.
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PMID:Aromatase inhibition: 4-hydroxyandrostenedione (4-OHA, CGP 32349) in advanced prostatic cancer. 163 64

High-dose medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) was given orally to 7 patients with advanced prostatic cancer and severe pain due to bone metastases; 5 patients had stable and 2 had progressive disease. Pain relief was obtained in 6 patients. Two patients who reported complete relief of pain showed suppressed levels of gonadotrophins after MPA treatment. In the other patients, suppression of plasma gonadotrophin levels was observed before treatment. The plasma levels of prolactin, growth hormone and thyroid stimulating hormone were not affected by MPA. Only 1 patient showed suppression of plasma adrenocortical trophic hormone. The plasma levels of cortisol and dihydroepiandrosterone sulphate were suppressed in 6 patients, but there was no correlation between the suppression and the occurrence of pain relief. These findings suggest that the mechanism of pain relief by high-dose MPA may be very complicated.
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PMID:Effect of high-dose medroxyprogesterone acetate on plasma hormone levels and pain relief in patients with advanced prostatic cancer. 169 98

Rhenium-186(tin) hydroxyethylidene diphosphonate (HEDP) is a new radiopharmaceutical that localizes in areas of osseous metastases in a manner similar to that of standard bone-scanning agents. It also emits beta particles with sufficient energy to be therapeutically useful. A single intravenous injection of about 33 mCi (1,221 MBq) was given to each of 20 elderly patients with advanced skeletal metastases from hormonally resistant prostate cancer. Prompt, significant relief of pain occurred 80% of the time with no significant side effects and only minimal, transient marrow toxicity. Re-186(Sn) HEDP appears to be a useful new agent for the palliation of painful osseous metastases in prostate cancer.
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PMID:Re-186(Sn) HEDP for treatment of painful osseous metastases: initial clinical experience in 20 patients with hormone-resistant prostate cancer. 169 84

In a 44-year-old man with persistent back-pain for 3 months duration, radiological and echological investigations revealed prostatic mass lesion with multiple osteoblastic involvements. Transrectal biopsy to the prostate demonstrated pathohistologically poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma (Gleason's score 4-4:8). Serum ACP, ALP and IAP were elevated at the initial diagnosis pathologically. The clinical and pathological stage was D2, without metastasis to lung and liver. Combination chemo-endocrine therapy (methotrexate, adriamycin, pepleomycin, Estracyt and tegafur) with bilateral orchiectomies was performed exclusively as initial treatment. These consecutive treatments brought remarkable reduction of the prostatic mass lesion, decrease of tumor markers to normal range, rapid improvement of subjective symptoms and distinct decrease of abnormal activity in bone scintigram. More than 3 years survival was obtained, and normal performance-status was kept. Prostatic cancer in middle-aged adults is reviewed and discussed.
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PMID:[A case of advanced prostatic cancer in a 44-year-old treated effectively with combination chemo-endocrine therapy]. 169 64

In summary, hemibody irradiation has developed as a safe, efficient technique for palliating multiple sites of symptomatic osseous metastases, which occur so often in advanced prostatic carcinoma. The rapidity, frequency, and duration of pain relief, as well as the convenience to the patient of a solitary treatment to multiple symptomatic areas simultaneously, make this type of treatment especially appealing. By following premedication and radiation dose guidelines, both acute and delayed side effects can be kept tolerable or at a minimal incidence. Although sequential hemibody radiation has also been explored as "systemic" therapy, the results in prostatic carcinoma have not proved dramatic, and complications have been considerable. Hormonal therapy would certainly seem to be less life-threatening and equally beneficial according to present data. As a palliative treatment, however, hemibody irradiation is a pragmatic option for relieving prostatic cancer pain.
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PMID:Hemibody irradiation in advanced prostatic carcinoma. 170 59

We compared the effect and toxicity of estramustine phosphate and weekly low-dose epirubicin in a prospective randomized trial in 41 patients with metastatic prostate cancer refractory to hormonal manipulation. No significant difference between treatment modalities was seen. Palliation was reached in over 60% of patients. The median survival was 15 months in both groups. Toxicity was mild. Further, we investigated the effect of epirubicin after the failure of preceding estramustine phosphate therapy in additional 20 patients. Pain relief was achieved in 50% of these patients. The median survival was 10 months. Toxicity was acceptable.
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PMID:Hormone-resistant metastatic prostate cancer. Comparisons between estramustine phosphate and low-dose epirubicin treatments. 170 66

The palliative efficacy of strontium-89 chloride has been evaluated in a prospective double-blind crossover study comparing it with stable strontium as placebo in 32 patients with prostate cancer metastatic to bone. Response was assessed 5 weeks after each treatment. 26 patients were evaluable. Complete pain relief was only reported following strontium-89 injection. Statistical comparison between placebo and strontium-89 showed clear evidence of a therapeutic response to strontium-89 compared with only a limited placebo effect (P less than 0.01).
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PMID:A prospective, randomised double-blind crossover study to examine the efficacy of strontium-89 in pain palliation in patients with advanced prostate cancer metastatic to bone. 171 35

At the present time in Japan, the androgen ablation therapy, such as the surgical castration, estrogen therapy, antiandrogen therapy and LHRH agonist therapy, is mainly used for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer as well as for early prostate cancer. Ten to twenty percent of advanced prostate cancer do not respond to the initial endocrine therapy. The most of advanced prostate cancer relapse to androgen independent state within several years after the initial endocrine therapy. This characteristic of prostate cancers to develop resistance to androgen ablation therapy is the main problem in the treatment of prostate cancer. We surveyed the literatures regarding the treatments of the hormone independent prostate cancer. The results of bilateral adrenalectomy or antiandrogen therapy for patients who had relapsed to standard hormone therapy was disappointing. These data showed that the absence of testes and adrenals is not sufficient to stop the progression of the hormone independent cancer cells. Theoretically, the chemotherapeutic agents will be expected to be active agents for the hormone independent prostatic cancer. However, none of the products available are particularly active and the objective response rate is less than 10%. Therefore, the least toxic agents should be used. The treatment of painful metastasis in the terminal stage patients with hormone independent prostate cancer should be positively achieved. The external beam irradiation is useful for palliation of local bone pain of prostate cancer. Analgesics including morphine should be also positively used for the relief of pain in the terminal stage patients with prostate cancer.
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PMID:[Prostate cancer--treatment of hormone independent cancer]. 171 40

We performed hyperthermia concomitantly with the use of anticancer agents (etoposide and peplomycin) for the treatment of 13 patients with prostatic cancer. Seven of them were new cases and the others were recurrent ones. After intravenous administration of etoposide and peplomycin, hyperthermia was applied twice a week for 10 times in total. Clinical efficiency was evaluated by CT, ultrasound, prostatic biopsy. Tumor regression were observed in 12 cases. According to the General Rule for Clinical and Pathological Studies on Prostatic Cancer by Japanese Urological Association and the Japanese Pathological Society, one case of Ef2 and 5 cases of Ef1 were obtained with this treatment. Side effects caused by hyperthermia were urethral pain (1 case) and skin burning (1 case) noted.
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PMID:[Thermochemotherapy of prostatic cancer]. 172 Feb 74


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