Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0376358 (prostate cancer)
 59,338 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Three cases of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the male breast from prostatic carcinoma are added to the 15 well-documented cases reported in the literature. These 15 cases had received estrogen therapy for prostatic cancer and gynecomastia developed; 14 had clinically palpable breast nodules containing adenocarcinoma. Our 3 cases also received estrogen therapy but differed in that gynecomastia developed in only 1 patient clinically, and diagnoses were made at autopsy with no clinical symptoms related to breast metastases. Moreover, 1 cases also showed remarkable florid lactation-like changes of the breast almost indistinguishable morphologically from that seen in the female breast during pregnancy. The histopathologic differential diagnosis of metastatic prostatic carcinoma of the breast from primary cancer of the male breast is stressed. Its importance is obvious because of the differences in clinical treatment and prognosis. Microscopically, the differential points consist of duct hypertrophy and periductal fibrosis (gynecomastia), absence of any ductal involvement by carcinoma cells, frequent presence of cancer cells in lymphatics and vascular channels, morphologic similarity between the cancers in the breast and prostate, and finally, the usual presence of acid phosphatase in the tumors of the prostate and breast.
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PMID:Metastatic prostatic adenocarcinoma of male breast. 67 36

The isoenzymes of human prostatic acid phosphatase have been studied by an isoelectric focusing technique. Purified acid phosphatase from malignant prostates contained eight isoenzymes with pI 4.4--5.3. The sera from patients with prostate cancer were shown to have similar acid phosphatase isoenzyme patterns at pI 4.0--5.5; as the serum enzyme activities increased, the pI of isoenzymes shifted to more acidic pH. These isoenzyme patterns of sera from patients with prostate cancer were different from those of patients with Gaucher's disease or from acid phosphatase of human erythrocytes, both of which exhibited only one enzyme band around pI 5.0 and 6.0, respectively. Treatment of serum sample of prostate cancer with neuraminidase did not result in a single enzyme band but alter the pI of isoenzymes, which shifted to a higher pH region. The significance of acid phosphatase activities and its isoenzyme patterns in prostate cancer merits further investigation.
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PMID:Isoenzymes of human prostate acid phosphatase. 72 98

Twenty-eight patients with a confirmed histological diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the prostate received BCG immunotherapy in addition to conventional therapy. Patients receiving BCG exhibited significant changes in IgA, IgM, WBC's, acid phosphatase and in cutaneous hypersensitivity when compared to an age-related control group of prostatic cancer patients receiving only conventional therapy. Survival from the time of diagnosis was 8 months longer in patients receiving BCG. Side effects of BCG vaccination were minimal consisting of local inflammation and pruritus at the site of inoculation. There were no deaths of systemic reactions.
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PMID:BCG adjuvant immunotherapy in carcinoma of the prostate: an interim report. 73 80

CEA level has been measured in a series of prostate cancer patients. Data are presented to show CEA correlation with clinical course and acid phosphatase level.
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PMID:Carcinoembryonic antigen as an adjunct to determination of clinical stage in prostate cancer. 74 75

Prostatic acid phosphatase may well be a prime antigenic protein in prostatic tissue and fluid. Extraction of the enzyme in highly purified form from prostatic fluid and benign hypertrophic prostatic tissue provides a unique antigen capable of inducing a prompt and specific antibody response in the goat and rabbit as amnifested by immunodiffusion, immunoelectrophoresis, and immunofluorescence techniques. In prostatic cancer patients with elevated serum acid phosphatase levels it is possible to detect humoral circulating PAP antigen by standard immunoelectrophoretic methods and to confirm the existence of the enzyme by radioautography, L-tartrate inhibition, and the Gomori or Burstone staining procedures. Preliminary indirect prostatic immunofluorescence studies consistently demonstrated characteristic fluorescent foci in the paranuclear areas of benign prostatic epithelial cells, the presumed area of synthesis of prostatic acid phosphatase. Consideration has been given to the possibility of the development of a radioimmunoassay for prostatic acid phosphataase utilizing a heterolologous antiserum to the enzyme extracted from human prostatic fluid.
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PMID:Production of specific antibody to purified prostatic acid phosphatase. 82 39

I describe a simple, rapid ion-exchange column-chromatographic technique for separating the acid phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.2) isoenzymes in human serum and tissue. Extracts of platelets, spleen, liver, erythrocytes, and prostate were used to determine optimum conditions for separating these isoenzymes. Samples layered on mini-colunms of DEAE-Sephadex A-50 were eluted stepwise with sodium chloride (100, 200, and 300 mmol/liter, buffered with tris (hydroxymethyl)aminomethane). Activity in column effluents was measured with p-nitrophenol phosphate as substrate, and their isoenzyme content was assessed by electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel. Comparision of activity patterns so derived for various tissues revealed prostatic tissue to be a rich source of acid phosphatase isoenzyme 2 activity. Evaluation of sera from six patients with prostatic cancer revealed isoenzyme patterns with prominent amount of isoenzyme 2 (3.8 to 27.6 U/liter). sera from 10 healthy laboratory technicians contained isoenzyme 2 in the range of 0.3-0.5 U/liter. Samples from two patients with abnormally high activity owing to nonprostatic conditions (Gaucher's disease and carcinoma of lung) exhibited less than 2 U of isoenzyme 2 per liter and acid phosphatase isoenzymes 3-5 that were 50- to 100-fold the normal range. Quantification of isoenzyme 2 by DEAE-Sephadex column chromatography as described appears to provide a more sensitive and specific approach to diagnosis of prostatic cancer.
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PMID:Separation of tissue and serum acid phosphatase isoenzymes by ion-exchange column chromatography. 84 61

The authors have evaluated a new kinetic acid phosphatase method in which the substrate is alpha-naphthyl phosphate. The original claim that this substrate was highly specific for the prostatic isozyme has been strongly challenged. Therefore, large numbers of patients in the following groupings were included in the evaluation: 52 urology clinic patients, 17 patients with uremia, 11 patients with multiple myeloma and 231 patients who had undergone prostatic biopsies. Two hundred seventy of these patients were found to be free of prostatic cancer. Of these, seven had acid phosphatase values above the upper limit of normal. Five of these seven patients had diagnoses of fibromuscular glandular hyperplasia. One was a woman who had multiple myeloma, and one was a uremic patient. Fifteen of 17 patients who had metastatic cancer of the prostate had elevated acid phosphatase activities, whereas one of 24 patients who had cancer of the prostate but no evidence of metastases had an elevated value.
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PMID:An evaluation of a kinetic acid phosphatase method. 86 5

On 170 patients with histologically proven carcinoma of the prostate scintigraphic studies of the skeleton using gamma camera and follow-up examinations were performed and compared with x-ray as well as serum alkaline and acid phosphatase. Osseous metastases in 47% had no radiological evidence and were only scintigraphically detectable. Positive scans were registered in 48% of the patients with prostatic cancer, 20% of them were positive due to metastases and 28% were false positive caused by osteoarthrotic and arthritic changes, sporadically by post-traumatic lesions and in 3 cases by Paget's disease. At the time of the initial diagnosis of prostatic cancer 21% of 159 patients studied scintigraphically had radiological or scan evidence of osseous metastases. Analyses corresponding stages of tumor revealed an unequivocal dependance of the frequency of metastases upon the extent of the primary tumor. The successful treatment is characterized by the decreased uptake of radioactivity primarily accumulated in skeletal metastases.
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PMID:[Diagnosis of skeletal metastases in prostatic cancer using gamma camera (author's transl)]. 87 70

Estracyt (estramustine phosphate) injected intraperitoneally, 100 mg, per Kg. three days a week for four weeks, retarded growth of the R-3327 tumor in intact rats and in orchiectomized rats given androgen. The growth inhibition was accomplished by reduction of tumor deoxyribonucleic acid concentration and of the activities of acid phosphatase, leucine aminopeptidase, and other hydrolases. Histologic examination revealed cellular necrosis particularly prominent in the orchiectomized, androgen-treated rats. Estracyt did not affect the uptake of 65-Zn in the tumors but markedly reduced the high uptake in the dorsolateral prostate. There was no accumulation of 3H or 14C in the tumors after intravenous administration of 3H, 14C-labeled Estracyt, but the isotope concentrations decreased much in the same way as they decreased in the dorsolateral prostate. The isotopes were retained in the ventral prostate, where their concentrations were approximately twenty times higher than those in the muscle four hours after injection. The results demonstrate the value of the R-3327 tumor in the evaluation of drugs of potential clinical use for the treatment of prostatic cancer. The results also show that Estracyt has an antitumor effect which is not dependent on the antigonadotropic action of the drug.
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PMID:Inhibitory effects of Estracyt on R-3327 rat prostatic carcinoma. 91 34

This cooperative study was sponsored by the National Prostatic Cancer Project to determine the usefulness of serum acid phosphatase levels as a predictive indicator with regard to performance status, sites of metastases, response to treatment, and survival in patients with advanced prostatic carcinoma. The results indicate that survival was significantly shorter for those patients who had elevation of thier on-study (pretreatment) total serum acid phosphatase ler cent reduction of primary tumor mass, relief of pain, and acid phosphatase activity. No correlation could be demonstrated between serum acid phosphatase and performance status, site of metastases, and other criteria of response to therapy. It is concluded that this test as currently determined spectrophotometrically at this stage of disease and if employed alone is not sufficient to allow for total evaluation of the response of therapy. It is, however, helpful when used in correlation with the previously mentioned positive factors.
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PMID:Clinical significance of serum acid phosphatase levels in advanced prostatic carcinoma. 96 Mar 39


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