Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0376358 (prostate cancer)
 59,338 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To identify genes associated with prostate cancer progression, we developed a strategy involving the use of differential display-PCR with a panel of genetically matched primary tumor- and metastasis-derived mouse prostate cancer cell lines. We isolated a cDNA fragment with homology to the mouse caveolin-1 gene. Northern blotting with this fragment revealed increased caveolin expression in metastasis-derived cell lines relative to primary tumor-derived cell lines. Western blotting with a polyclonal caveolin antibody confirmed increased caveolin protein in metastasis-derived mouse cell lines and expression in three of four human prostate cancer cell lines. Immunohistochemical analysis of a human prostate cancer cell line demonstrated a prominent granular pattern of caveolin accumulation. Subsequent analysis of mouse and human prostate specimens revealed minimal caveolin expression in normal epithelium with abundant staining of smooth muscle and endothelium. The frequency of caveolin-positive cells was increased in prostate cancer with markedly increased accumulation of caveolin and a granular staining pattern in lymph node metastatic deposits. In human breast cancer specimens, increased caveolin staining was detected in intraductal and infiltrating ductal carcinoma as well as nodal disease. Caveolin therefore appears to be associated with human prostate cancer progression and is also present in primary and metastatic human breast cancer.
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PMID:Elevated expression of caveolin is associated with prostate and breast cancer. 971 14

Our laboratory is involved in identifying genes that can be used as early diagnostic or prognostic markers in breast cancer. We previously identified a gene (NES1) that is expressed in normal but not in transformed mammary epithelial cells (MECs). NES1 is located on chromosome 19q13.4 within the kallikrein locus and thus was designated as human kallikrein 10 (hK10), although we have been unable to detect any protease activity. Importantly, hK10 expression is decreased in a majority of breast cancer cell lines. Transfection of hK10 into hK10-negative breast cancer cells reduces the tumorigenicity. Using methylation-specific PCR and subsequent sequencing, we demonstrate a strong correlation between hypermethylation of hK10 and loss of mRNA expression. Further analysis showed that essentially 100% of normal breast specimens had hK10 expression, whereas 46% of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and the majority of infiltrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) samples lacked the hK10 mRNA. Importantly, hK10-negative DCIS diagnosed at the time of biopsy were subsequently diagnosed as IDC at the time of definitive surgery. It has been shown that hK10 protein expression is regulated by steroids. In addition to breast cancers, hK10 is downregulated in cervical cancer, prostate cancer and acute lymphocytic leukemia, whereas it is upregulated in ovarian cancers. These results point to the paradoxical role of hK10 in human cancers and underscore the importance of further studies of this kallikrein.
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PMID:Human kallikrein 10, a predictive marker for breast cancer. 1680 Jul 32

A 79-year-old man underwent F-choline PET/CT for biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer. PET/CT images showed an area of elevated radiopharmaceutical uptake in a left pelvic node. In addition, a small focus of increased radiolabeled choline accumulation was seen in a small nodule of the right breast, which was later histologically characterized as an infiltrating ductal carcinoma. In this patient, choline PET/CT was critical in localizing prostate cancer recurrence and identifying a second unsuspected malignancy.
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PMID:Breast Cancer Incidentally Detected by 18F-Choline PET/CT in a Patient With Recurrent Prostate Carcinoma. 2760 57