Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0376358 (prostate cancer)
 59,338 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The selective production of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) reacting with defined cell surface-expressed molecules is now readily accomplished with an immunological subtraction approach, surface-epitope masking (SEM). Using SEM, prostate carcinoma (Pro 1.5) mAbs have been developed that react with tumor-associated antigens expressed on human prostate cancer cell lines and patient-derived carcinomas. Screening a human LNCaP prostate cancer cDNA expression library with the Pro 1.5 mAb identifies a gene, prostate carcinoma tumor antigen-1 (PCTA-1). PCTA-1 encodes a secreted protein of approximately 35 kDa that shares approximately 40% sequence homology with the N-amino terminal region of members of the S-type galactose-binding lectin (galectin) gene family. Specific galectins are found on the surface of human and marine neoplastic cells and have been implicated in tumorigenesis and metastasis. Primer pairs within the 3' untranslated region of PCTA-1 and reverse transcription-PCR demonstrate selective expression of PCTA-1 by prostate carcinomas versus normal prostate and benign prostatic hypertrophy. These findings document the use of the SEM procedure for generating mAbs reacting with tumor-associated antigens expressed on human prostate cancers. The SEM-derived mAbs have been used for expression cloning the gene encoding this human tumor antigen. The approaches described in this paper, SEM combined with expression cloning, should prove of wide utility for developing immunological reagents specific for and identifying genes relevant to human cancer.
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PMID:Surface-epitope masking and expression cloning identifies the human prostate carcinoma tumor antigen gene PCTA-1 a member of the galectin gene family. 869 78

We investigate the proliferative activity, prostatic specific antigen (PSA) secretion, morphology and androgen response of human prostate tumour epithelial cells co-cultured with stromal cells in a bicameral system. Stromal and epithelial cells were isolated from prostate adenocarcinoma by enzyme digestion and cultured in defined media. Immunocytochemistry for prostate carcinoma tumour antigen (PCTA-1) was performed for culture purity evaluation. Also, the morphology of the epithelial cells in co-culture was evaluated by electron microscopy. PSA was determined by microparticle enzyme immunoassay (MEIA) automatized protocol and the proliferation was evaluated by a commercial spectrophotometric kit, based on formazan salt formation. Both cell cultures showed more than 90% of purity. The epithelial cell co-cultures showed marked membrane processes and cell interdigitations. The proliferative activity of the epithelial cells was increased in presence of stromal cells. Also, PSA secretion was significantly increased and maintained for at least 14 days, whereas the androgen response for PSA secretion was evidenced only in co-culture condition. Primary co-cultures of epithelial and stromal cells from human prostate carcinoma are able to maintain, for a prolonged time, proliferative and secretory properties as well hormone response, and represent a valuable tool for cellular and molecular studies on prostate cancer.
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PMID:Secretion of prostatic specific antigen, proliferative activity and androgen response in epithelial-stromal co-cultures from human prostate carcinoma. 1567 20