Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0376358 (prostate cancer)
 59,338 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We use likelihood-based score statistics to test for association between a disease and a diallelic polymorphism, based on data from arbitrary types of nuclear families. The Nonfounder statistic extends the transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) to accommodate affected and unaffected offspring, missing parental genotypes, phenotypes more general than qualitative traits, such as censored survival data and quantitative traits, and residual correlation of phenotypes within families. The Founder statistic compares observed or inferred parental genotypes to those expected in the general population. Here the genotypes of affected parents and those with many affected offspring are weighted more heavily than unaffected parents and those with few affected offspring. We illustrate the tests by applying them to data on a polymorphism of the SRD5A2 gene in nuclear families with multiple cases of prostate cancer. We also use simulations to compare the power of these family-based statistics to that of the score statistic based on Cox's partial likelihood for censored survival data, and find that the family-based statistics have considerably more power when there are many untyped parents. The software program FGAP for computing test statistics is available at http://www.stanford.edu/dept/HRP/epidemiology/FGAP.
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PMID:Tests for genetic association using family data. 1178 59

This chapter examines the tea leaves of emerging technologies for the most fruitful areas of crossover value to health decisions, by spotting bellwether industries of similar information asymmetries. It examines changing tools and roles for growing consumer-centrism in personal finance, healthcare, private aviation, and law. It seeks to understand the technologies of managing and measuring, the transformations of growing transparencies in our processes, and how an increasing sense of collective stewardship forged between people and their machines can lead beyond effectiveness to wisdom, for individuals, communities, and the world. "The whole thing reminds me of the uncomfortable feeling I experienced when I first sought out investment advice. . . ..I concluded that I had to undertake the generalist's job myself; I had to take the high-level management of my investments into my own hands. Similarly, given the structure of the medical practice associated with prostate cancer, that's the only viable choice any patient has." Andy Grove, Co-Founder and Chair, Intel. "In the end, a symbiotic culture composed of human and digital individuals may be a more effective steward of the earth's resources than humans would be by themselves." Donald D. Chamberlin, author and ACM Fellow.
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PMID:Our wealth, our health--bellwether industries for decision tools and symbiotic stewardships. 1202 33