Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0376358 (prostate cancer)
 59,338 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Prostate specific antigen (PSA) and gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm) are revealed to be the same protein. However, the serum concentrations of PSA and gamma-Sm in the same samples are frequently different. We previously measured a ratio of serum PSA concentration and gamma-Sm concentration (P/S ratio), and evaluated its usefulness for diagnosis of prostate cancers. In this paper, we tried to determine the cutoff value which brings better efficiency and diagnose prostate cancer by means of P/S Ratio. Between April 1988 and September 1992, 221 men underwent prostatic biopsy and/or TUR-P, and were diagnosed pathologically. Of 221 patients, 130 were diagnosed as BPH, prostatis or normal prostate (no cancer; NC) and 91 were diagnosed as prostate cancer (CaP). 1) The mean +/- SD of P/S ratio in 130 patients with NC was 0.919 +/- 0.563. While, the mean +/- SDs of P/S ratio were 12.447 +/- 44.353 in 91 patients with CaP and 2.052 +/- 0.751 in 39 Cap patients with serum PSA level of < or = 10 ng/ml. The mean P/S Ratios in CaP patients with serum PSA of < or = 10 ng/ml as well as in all CaP patients were significantly higher than those in NC patients (p < 0.0001). 2) When the cutoff value of P/S Ratio was determined to be 1.45, the highest efficiency (= sensitivity x specificity divided by 100), 83.4, was obtained. The sensitivity and specificity were 91.2% and 91.5%, respectively as a cutoff value of 1.45.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Diagnosis of prostate cancer by means of the ratio of prostate specific antigen/gamma-seminoprotein (P/S ratio)]. 751 68

Prostate specific antigen (PSA) and gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm) have been revealed to be the same protein and used as tumor markers for prostate cancer (CaP). However, it seems impossible to detect prostate cancer in the cases with PSA levels of 10.0 ng/ml or less. We now report on PSA/gamma-Sm ratio in the cases with PSA levels of 10.0 ng/ml or less, and on the relation between PSA and gamma-Sm in those cases. Serum samples were obtained from the patients with no cancer (NC) (n = 118) and CaP (n = 39). In the cases with PSA ranging from 4.1 to 10.0 ng/ml, gamma-Sm levels in the patient with CaP were significantly lower than in those with NC (3.744 +/- 2.481 (mean +/- SD, n = 27) VS. 7.573 +/- 4.182 (n = 41), p < 0.0001) though PSA levels in both groups were not significantly different, and consequently, PSA/gamma-Sm ratio in the patients with CaP were significantly higher than in those with NC (2.181 +/- 0.802 VS. 1.095 +/- 0.804, p < 0.0001). In the cases with PSA levels of 4.0 ng/ml or less, gamma-Sm levels in the patient with CaP were significantly lower than in those with NC (1.600 +/- 0.705 (n = 12) VS. 3.243 +/- 2.456 (n = 77), p = 0.0064), while PSA levels in the patients with CaP were not significantly different from those in the patients with NC, and consequently, PSA/gamma-Sm ratio in the patients with CaP were significantly higher than in those with NC (1.762 +/- 0.544 VS. 0.808 +/- 0.330, p < 0.0001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Prostate specific antigen (PSA)/gamma-seminoprotein ratio in the cases with PSA levels less than or equal to 10.0 ng/ml]. 753 45

To compare levels of gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm) assayed by original and revised assay systems, blood was obtained every 4 h over a 32-h period from 8 untreated prostate cancer patients. Serum levels of prostate specific antigen (PSA) were also examined. In 6 patients, the coefficient of variation (CV) of the serum levels assayed by the revised assay was significantly different from that of the intra-assay samples. In contrast, the CV of the gamma-Sm serum levels assayed by the original assay differed significantly from that of the intra-assay samples in only 2 patients. The fluctuations in gamma-Sm assayed by the revised assay were, at least in part, similar to those of the PSA serum levels in all patients. The mean CV of the gamma-Sm serum levels assayed by the revised assay was significantly larger than that for levels measured by the original assay. After treatment, the rate of decrease in gamma-Sm serum levels determined by the original assay differed from that in the serum levels of PSA and prostatic acid phosphatase. These results indicate that the original assay for gamma-Sm do not detect diurnal differences in serum gamma-Sm levels, even at levels below 20 ng/ml. These observations indicate that the analysis of data obtained using the original gamma-Sm kit should be interpreted with caution.
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PMID:Diurnal rhythm of serum gamma-seminoprotein in patients with untreated prostate cancer: comparison of the original and revised assay kits. 754 57

Prostate specific antigen (PSA) and gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm) are used as tumor markers of the prostate cancer. However, the serum concentrations of PSA and gamma-Sm are frequently increased in patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). We measured the ratio of serum PSA to gamma-Sm concentration (P/S ratio), and evaluated its usefulness for diagnosis of prostate cancers. Between April 1988 and July 1992, 162 men underwent prostatic biopsy and/or TUR-P, and were diagnosed pathologically. Of 162 patients, 112 were diagnosed as BPH and 50 were diagnosed as prostate cancer. Of 24 patients with serum PSA level of > 20 ng/ml, 23 (95.8%) were prostate cancer, while, of 79 patients with serum PSA level of 3.0-20 ng/ml, 23 (29.1%) were prostate cancer. The sensitivity and the specificity for PSA were 92.0% and 49.1%, respectively. Of 85 patients with serum gamma-Sm level of > 4.0 ng/ml, 30 (35.3%) were prostate cancer. The sensitivity and the specificity for gamma-Sm were 60.0% and 50.9%, respectively. A mean +/- SD of P/S ratio in 112 patients with BPH was 0.954 +/- 0.591. While, the mean +/- SD of P/S ratio was 16.295 +/- 58.584 in all prostate cancer patients, and 2.031 +/- 0.654 in 27 prostate cancer patients with serum PSA level of < or = 20 ng/ml. P/S Ratio in prostate cancer patients with serum PSA of < or = 20 ng/ml as well as in all prostate cancer patients were significantly higher than P/S Ratio of BPH patients (p < 0.0001). Of 55 patients with P/S Ratio of > or = 1.50, 45 (81.8%) were prostate cancer and 10 (18.2%) were BPH. While, of 107 patients with P/S Ratio of < 1.50, 102 (95.3%) were BPH and 5 (4.7%) were prostate cancer. The sensitivity and the specificity for P/S Ratio were 90.0% and 91.1%, respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Usefulness of prostate specific antigen/gamma-seminoprotein ratio for diagnosis of prostate cancer]. 768 42

We measured a ratio of serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) and gamma-seminoprotein concentrations (referred to as the PSA/gamma-seminoprotein ratio) and evaluated its usefulness for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. Between April 1988 and October 1992, 214 men underwent prostatic biopsy and/or transurethral resection of the prostate, and the disease was diagnosed pathologically. Of 214 patients 127 were diagnosed as having benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostatitis or a normal prostate (no cancer), while 87 had prostate cancer. Of 61 patients with a serum PSA level greater than 10 ng./ml. 50 (82.0%) had prostate cancer, compared to 31 of 84 (36.9%) with a serum PSA level of 3.0 to 10 ng./ml. Of 113 patients with a serum gamma-seminoprotein level greater than 4.0 ng./ml. 52 (46.0%) had prostate cancer. The mean plus or minus standard deviation of the PSA/gamma-seminoprotein ratio for 127 patients without cancer was 0.942 +/- 0.564, while that for 87 prostate cancer patients was 12.840 +/- 45.327 (Wilcoxon p < 0.0001). The mean plus or minus standard deviation of the PSA/gamma-seminoprotein ratios for 37 prostate cancer patients with a PSA level of 10 ng./ml. or less and for 50 prostate cancer patients with a PSA level of more than 10 ng./ml. were 2.044 +/- 0.767 and 20.829 +/- 58.757, respectively. Even the mean PSA/gamma-seminoprotein ratio for prostate cancer patients with a PSA level of 10 ng./ml. or less was significantly greater than that for patients without cancer (Wilcoxon p < 0.0001). The sensitivities for PSA (cutoff value 3.0 ng./ml.), gamma-seminoprotein (cutoff value 4.0 ng./ml.) and PSA/gamma-seminoprotein ratio (cutoff value 1.45) were 93.1%, 59.8% and 92.0%, respectively, and the specificities were 49.6%, 52.0% and 91.3%, respectively. Of 91 patients with a PSA/gamma-seminoprotein ratio of 1.45 or more 80 (87.9%) had prostate cancer, while 116 of 123 (94.3%) with a PSA/gamma-seminoprotein ratio of less than 1.45, had no cancer. These results suggest that PSA/gamma-seminoprotein ratio yields the same sensitivity as PSA and more specificity than PSA levels, offering significant advantage over PSA in detecting prostate cancer. The mean plus or minus standard deviations of PSA/gamma-seminoprotein ratios for stages A, B, C and D prostate cancer were 1.847 +/- 0.786 (11 patients), 2.740 +/- 1.536 (30), 7.626 +/- 9.140 (12) and 27.149 +/- 70.500 (34), respectively.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
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PMID:Measurement of prostate specific antigen and gamma-seminoprotein ratio: a new means of distinguishing benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer. 769 11

The Tandem PSA test was performed simultaneously with assay of Markit-M PA and gamma-seminoprotein to determine its usefulness for the diagnosis of prostate cancer in a total of 81 patients with prostate diseases. The diagnosis was untreated prostate cancer in 16 patients including 2 with T1c tumor, benign prostatic hyperplasia in 56 patients, and other diseases in 9 patients. Tandem PSA, Markit-M PA, and gamma-seminoprotein showed a sensitivity of 81.3, 62.5, and 68.8%, respectively, while the specificity was 67.7, 81.5, and 72.3%, respectively. Tandem PSA had the highest sensitivity, although the specificity and accuracy were the lowest. These results were considered to be due to the fact that the PSA level becomes significantly higher with an increase in the weight of benign prostatic hyperplasia. This indicates that the PSA density should be considered to improve the specificity of Tandem PSA. Use of the Tandem PSA/gamma-seminoprotein ratio was also examined as a possible method which might improve the specificity. Patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer had a ratio of 1.53 +/- 0.966 and 3.21 +/- 1.811 (mean plus standard deviation), respectively, and these 2 groups showed a significant difference (p = 0.0008). This indicates that calculation of the Tandem PSA/gamma-seminoprotein ratio may be useful to improve the specificity of Tandem PSA for the diagnosis of prostate cancer.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of tandem PSA for the diagnosis and follow-up of prostate cancer]. 897 36

An extremely rare case of esophageal metastasis from prostate cancer is reported. A 65-year-old man presented with anorexia and back pain. Upper gastrointestinal X-ray fluoroscopy and endoscopy revealed a shallow longitudinal ulcer, with converging mucosal folds, approximately 5 cm above the esophagogastric junction. The histological diagnosis of the biopsied specimen was adenocarcinoma. Blood biochemistry revealed elevated serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and gamma-seminoprotein levels. Ultrasonography of the prostate disclosed a hypoechoic lesion in the left lobe, and needle biopsy led to the diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma. Since there was no finding suggestive of a primary lesion, apart from that in the prostate, we conducted reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for PSA. PSA-positive mRNA was demonstrated in the tissue of the esophageal tumor. There are three reports on metastasis to the esophagus from prostate cancer, but this is the first case of esophageal metastasis from prostate cancer without any evidence of metastasis to other organs. The importance of RT-PCR for the diagnosis of primary lesions of metastatic cancer is discussed.
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PMID:Esophageal metastasis from prostate cancer: diagnostic use of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction for prostate-specific antigen. 908 74

It has been reported that prostate specific antigen and gamma-seminoprotein ratio (PSA/gamma-Sm ratio) is an useful means for distinguishing benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer if serum PSA is measured by Eiken-PSA method. We studied the clinical significance of PSA/gamma-Sm ratio when using Markit-M-PSA method. PSA/gamma-Sm ratio had no superiority over PSA alone for detecting prostate cancer. The present results suggest that the clinical significance of PSA/gamma-Sm ratio can be varied by various PSA-assay kits.
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PMID:[Clinical significance of prostate specific antigen and gamma-seminoprotein ratio for diagnosing prostate cancer]. 975 Apr 96

Twenty-four previously untreated patients with a diagnosis of prostatic cancer were treated with chlormadinone acetate (CMA) alone (100 mg/day) for 4 weeks, and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue (LH-RHa) was added for the next 24 weeks. Marked decreases in blood LH, testosterone (T), prostate specific antigen (PSA), gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm), and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) were observed after a single dose of CMA. T levels were significantly increased 3 days after the initial dose of LH-RHa, and did not return to the pretreatment level. There were no significant increases in any of the markers, nor were there any flare-up cases. Triglyceride levels, which were slightly elevated before the start of treatment, were significantly decreased 24 weeks after the completion of combined therapy. PSA was evaluated as partial response (PR) or better in 86.7% of the patients. Overall evaluation showed PR or better in 75.0% of the patients. These findings suggest that prior administration of CMA followed by combined administration with LH-RHa is useful in the treatment of prostatic cancer. No negative effects on lipid metabolism were observed at any time during the treatment period.
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PMID:[Clinical study on chlormadinone acetate alone followed by combination with LH-RH analogue for prostatic cancer: effects on lipid metabolism]. 975 13

We propose that carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) may be a tumor marker for prostatic cancer in addition to prostate specific antigen (PSA), gamma-seminoprotein and prostate acid phosphatase (PAP). The tests were done on 15 sera and autopsy specimens of prostatic cancer. Eight of them were clinical cancers and the remaining seven were incidental ones. We measured serum PAP, PSA, CEA and CA 19-9 and immunohistochemically evaluated these specimens. In clinical cancers, serum PAP, PSA, CEA and CA 19-9 were 1272.9 +/- 3094.4, 146.7 +/- 233.6, 36.3 +/- 36.0 and 80.4 +/- 92.0. Immunohistochemically, all were positive for PAP, PSA, CEA and CA 19-9. In incidental cancers, serum PAP, PSA, CEA and CA 19-9 were 2.4 +/- 1.5, 7.9 +/- 16.9, 128.1 +/- 182.7 and 201.8 +/- 416.1. We conclude that the patients with higher levels of plasma PAP or PSA should go through CEA and CA 19-9 measurement in order to diagnose clinical prostatic cancer.
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PMID:Markers of undiagnosed incidental cancer in comparison with clinical prostatic cancer. 1099 59


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