Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0376358 (prostate cancer)
 59,338 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Prostate-specific antigen (PA), gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm) and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) have been evaluated in patients with prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), chronic prostatitis and acute prostatitis. PA has proved to be diagnostically more sensitive than PAP and gamma-Sm for the detection of prostatic cancer. Although PA may be elevated more frequently than PAP and gamma-Sm in patients with BPH, there are possibilities that these patients with elevated PA and normal PAP and gamma-Sm may have prostatic cancer or precancerous conditions not detectable in our routine diagnostic procedures. We report two cases of prostatic cancer with persistently elevated PA and diagnosed after repeated biopsies. Our data suggest that PA is a sensitive and useful tumor marker for the diagnosis of prostatic cancer. PAP and gamma-Sm in combination with PA may serve as more useful for differential diagnosis and confirmation of prostatic cancer.
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PMID:[The significance of serum prostate-specific antigen, gamma-seminoprotein and prostatic acid phosphatase as prostate cancer markers]. 247 6

Serum prostatic specific antigen (PA), gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm) and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) levels were measured in 113 untreated patients with prostatic cancer and in 137 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). We used a PA-TESTWAKO enzyme immunoassay kit, gamma-Sm enzyme immunoassay kit and PAP radioimmunoassay kit. Of the 113 patients, 81.4%, 73.5% and 69%, respectively, were detectable using a single assay. PA was more sensitive than the other two markers in all stages, especially in localized disease (stages A, B and C). Using the BPH group as a negative control, specificities of PA, gamma-Sm and PAP were 85.4%, 81.0% and 94.2%, respectively. Efficiency was, respectively, 81.2%, 79.6% and 82.8%. In the follow up period, 15 patients presented disease progression. At the time of clinical detectable progression, the sensitivities of PA and gamma-Sm were both 100% (15/15), while 67% (10/15) for PAP. Concerning the sensitivity within 6 months prior to progression, gamma-Sm and PA tended to be more sensitive than PAP in early detection of disease progression. This study shows that PA is more reliable than gamma-Sm and PAP in detecting and staging of prostatic cancer. gamma-Sm and PA appear to be more reliable in earlier prediction of disease progression.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of serum prostatic specific antigen in prostatic cancer: simultaneous assays of prostatic specific antigen, gamma-seminoprotein and prostatic acid phosphatase in 113 newly diagnosed patients with prostatic cancer]. 247 37

Enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) using rabbit anti-gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm) antibody and rabbit anti-prostate-specific antigen antibody (PA) for measurements of gamma-Sm and PA were developed in order to determine the correlation between serum gamma-Sm levels and serum PA levels in patients with prostate cancer. Each EIA for measurement of gamma-Sm or PA was revealed to be sensitive and reproducible by fundamental analysis of the quality of EIAs. A significant correlation was established between serum gamma-Sm levels and serum PA levels which were measured by these assays and expressed as protein concentration of seminal plasma (r = 0.99). This result coincided with our previous observation that gamma-Sm and PA are immunologically identical materials. We conclude, therefore, that gamma-Sm and PA should be regarded as tumor markers identical to each other for serodiagnosis of prostate cancer.
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PMID:[Correlation of serum gamma-seminoprotein and serum prostate-specific antigen in patients with prostate cancer]. 248 Oct 57

The determination of gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm) (also called prostate-specific antigen [PSA], prostate antigen [PA], or p30) in human serum has been recently demonstrated to be more sensitive and specific for diagnosing prostate cancer and monitoring the condition of patients with prostate cancer than the prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) test. Because the gamma-Sm (PSA) test seems likely to replace the PAP test in the area of urology and study of prostate-specific antigens is expanding, we have reviewed physicochemical properties and clinical significance of two prostate-specific antigens, gamma-Sm (PSA) and beta-microseminoprotein (beta-MSP). Both proteins have been proved to originate in the prostate gland and have not been detected in any other human tissues by an immunohistologic study. The usefulness of gamma-Sm and beta-MSP in determining the origin of metastatic tumors has also been shown. gamma-Sm is a glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 26,079 for the peptide portion, of which the amino acid sequence is identical to so-called PSA and homologous with serine proteases (the kallikrein family). Its chymotrypsin-like activity with a unique substrate specificity has also been demonstrated. The molecular weight of beta-MSP is 10,652 from the amino acid sequence, in which the protein has been shown to contain no alanine residue.
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PMID:Two prostate-specific antigens, gamma-seminoprotein and beta-microseminoprotein. 265 6

The level of serum gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm) was measured by enzyme immunoassay in 62 patients with untreated prostatic cancer and 89 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy histologically diagnosed to assess the clinical usefulness as a tumor marker. The level of serum prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) was also measured by radioimmunoassay in these patients simultaneously. Serum gamma-Sm levels in prostatic cancer were significantly higher than in benign prostatic hypertrophy. There was a tendency for serum gamma-Sm levels in prostatic cancer to increase with statistically significant difference as the stage progressed. A gamma-Sm level of over 5.0 ng/ml was considered to be positive. The positive rate of gamma-Sm was 56.5% in prostatic cancer (stage A.B: 32.3%, stage C: 75.0%, stage D: 90.9%) and 19.1% in benign prostatic hypertrophy. In stage A.B cases, the positive rate of gamma-Sm was higher than that of PAP. Therefore, the measurement of gamma-Sm is considered to be useful in the diagnosis of early prostatic cancer.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of serum gamma-seminoprotein in patients with prostatic cancer]. 266 May 7

Serum gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm) in patients with prostatic disease was determined by enzyme immunoassay. A total of 136 patients including 13 untreated and 40 treated patients with prostatic cancer, 45 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 38 patients with other urological diseases were analyzed. The mean +/- SD of serum gamma-Sm in the 13 patients with untreated prostatic cancer and the 45 patients with BPH was 31.7 +/- 46.1 and 3.7 +/- 6.6 ng/ml, respectively, there being a statistically significant difference between the two groups. All patients with untreated stage A or B prostatic cancer had a serum gamma-Sm of less than 4 ng/ml (cut off value). The mean level of serum gamma-Sm was 5.1 +/- 1.9 ng/ml for all patients with untreated stage C prostatic cancer; 66% of them had a value above the cut off value. However, it was 55.9 +/- 52.6 ng/ml in all patients with untreated stage D prostatic cancer; 87.5% of them had a value above the cut-off value. These results suggest that gamma-Sm may be a useful tumor marker in the management of patients with prostatic cancer.
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PMID:[Clinical studies of gamma-seminoprotein in prostatic disease. I. Clinical evaluation of serum gamma-seminoprotein]. 332 53

Localization of gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm) was examined using horseradish peroxidase-labeled anti-gamma-Sm antibody (Chugai Corp. Ltd., Tokyo, Japan) by the enzyme-labeled antibody method in paraffin embedded specimens of 18 benign prostatic hyperplasias and 32 untreated prostatic cancers. The level of serum gamma-Sm was also determined by enzyme immunoassay in 10 untreated patients with prostatic cancer and 18 with benign prostatic hyperplasia. Specific gamma-Sm staining was detected in prostatic glandular epithelial cells and prostatic secretion of all specimens of benign prostatic hyperplasias and a half of the specimens of prostatic cancers. Specific gamma-Sm staining was shown to correlate with histological differentiation of the prostatic cancer, but no correlation was found between specific gamma-Sm staining and the level of serum gamma-Sm.
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PMID:[Clinical studies of gamma-seminoprotein in prostatic disease. II. Immunohistochemical study of gamma-seminoprotein]. 332 54

From August, 1981 to May, 1984, we measured gamma-seminoprotein in the serum of 51 untreated patients with prostatic cancer in the Chiba University Hospital. Prostatic acid phosphatase (radioimmunoassay) in serum was also measured in these patients. We also measured gamma-seminoprotein and prostatic acid phosphatase in serum of patients under control by hormonal treatment and of reactivated patients. In untreated stage B and stage C cases, positive rate of gamma-seminoprotein in serum was larger than that of prostatic acid phosphatase. Therefore the measurement of gamma-seminoprotein in serum is considered to be useful in the diagnosis of early prostatic cancer. Four weeks after hormonal treatment, gamma-seminoprotein in the serum of 74% of the patients returned to the normal level. The positive rate of gamma-seminoprotein in the serum of reactivated patients is significantly larger than that of the patients under control by hormonal therapy.
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PMID:[gamma-Seminoprotein in serum of prostatic cancer]. 399 97

It is known that serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) in urinary retention due to benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) increase. To evaluate prognostic value of the ratio of serum PSA to gamma-seminoprotein (P/S Ratio) for prostate cancer (PC) in patients with urinary retention, we have studied the P/S Ratio at the initial examination in 33 patients with untreated PC (10 with and 23 without urinary retention) and 193 patients with untreated BPH (38 with and 155 without urinary retention) histopathologically diagnosed at our hospital between January, 1992 and December, 1993. The results were as follows: 1) The mean P/S ratio of PC patients was significantly higher than that of BPH patients in both groups with and without urinary retention. 2) When the cut off value of P/S Ratio was determined to be 1.35, the highest efficiency, 59.3% was obtained in the group without urinary retention. The sensitivity and specificity were 65.2% and 91.0%. 3) In the group with urinary retention, the efficiency was also the highest, 80.0% with a cut off value of 1.35. The sensitivity and specificity were 80.0% and 100%. 4) In all patients, the efficiency was 64.6%, the sensitivity was 69.7%, and the specificity was 92.7% with a cut off value of 1.35. 5) Positive rate of serum PSA in BPH patients with urinary retention was 47.4% and that in BPH patients without urinary retention was 17.4%. The mean P/S ratio of the BPH patients with urinary retention was significantly lower than that of BPH patients without urinary retention, which suggested that the serum free PSA increase in the former.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Value of PSA/gamma-Sm ratio (P/S ratio) for diagnosis of prostate cancer in patients with urinary retention]. 747 21

69 patients with prostatic cancer were subjected to radioimmunodetection (RAID) with 131I-labeled antibody against gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm), the images of malignant tumor sites was obtained by single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with dual radionuclide and computer processing. Of the 69 patients 66 were confirmed by RAID. The ratio of tumor tissue to normal tissue (T/N) 6.9 and the best time for incaging was 96 hours after injection of anti-gamma-Sm. The diameter of the minimum tumor in RAID was 0.5 cm. metastatic prostatic cancer in the pelvis or bone location as well as the origin tumors were also detected in 13 cases. Anti-gamma-SmRAID can differentiate benign from malignant prostatic neoplasms. In 37 cases of benign prostate hyperplasia, only two were positive. The positive detective rate of B-ultrasound and CT was 70.8% and 73.1% respectively.
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PMID:[Radioimmunodetection of prostatic cancer: in vivo 131I-gamma-seminoprotein for diagnosis of prostatic cancer by nuclear imaging]. 751 Feb 12


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