Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0376358 (prostate cancer)
 59,338 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Serum gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm) was evaluated as a new marker for prostatic cancer in comparison with prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP). The sensitivity of gamma-Sm and PAP for untreated prostatic cancer was 81% and 67%, respectively. gamma-Sm showed a higher positive rate over all stages than in benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH). There was no correlation between gamma-Sm and PAP in prostatic cancer. Improved sensitivity was obtained by simultaneous measurement of gamma-Sm and PAP. Specificity of gamma-Sm and PAP for BPH was 87% and 90%, respectively. gamma-Sm normalized after endocrine therapy for stage D2 more often than did PAP. These results indicate that gamma-Sm is another useful marker to evaluate prostatic cancer.
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PMID:Serum gamma-seminoprotein determination in prostatic cancer. 171 4

Serum prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm), and prostate-specific antigen (PA) levels were measured in 63 untreated patients with prostatic cancer. The sensitivities of PAP, gamma-Sm, and PA as markers of malignancy were 68%, 83%, and 77%, respectively. The latter two markers were more sensitive than PAP, especially in stage B disease. The specificities of PAP, gamma-Sm, and PA were 95%, 93%, and 93%, respectively. Patients with multiple positive markers were very likely to have prostatic cancer. In reactivation of the disease, positive rates for gamma-Sm and PA were higher than for PAP, indicating that the former two markers are more reliable for monitoring prostatic cancer.
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PMID:Multiple marker evaluation in prostatic cancer with prostatic acid phosphatase, gamma-seminoprotein and prostate-specific antigen. 171 22

The level of serum gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm) was determined by enzyme immunoassay using an EIA gamma-Sm test kit in 32 patients with prostatic cancer (before treatment for 12 and after treatment was started for 20), 24 patients with benign prostate hypertrophy and 22 patients with other urogenital cancer. A gamma-Sm level of over 4.0 ng/ml was considered to be positive. The positive rate was 43.8% in prostatic cancer patients (83.3% before and 20.0% after treatment), 25.0% in benign prostate hypertrophy and 0% in other urogenital cancer. Since the positive rate of prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) was 34.3% in prostatic cancer patients (75.0% before and 10.0% after treatment) and 16.7% in benign prostate hypertrophy patients, gamma-Sm may be more sensitive but less specific as an indicator of prostatic cancer in PAP. In 9 patients with prostatic cancer before treatment, the levels of serum gamma-Sm and PAP were serially determined for up to 11 months. The level of gamma-Sm decreased in 7 patients, and PAP in all patients after hormone therapy. One patient showed a consistently positive gamma-Sm level and the level of the others became positive only for gamma-Sm during follow-up. There was a statistical correlation between the levels of serum gamma-Sm and PAP in patients with prostatic cancer (r = 0.595, p less than 0.01), in patients with benign prostate hypertrophy (r = 0.882, p less than 0.01) and also in the patients in both groups together (r = 0.590, p less than 0.01).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[The significance of serum gamma-seminoprotein in prostatic cancer]. 241 79

We have compared the concentrations in serum of gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-SM) and prostate specific antigen (PSA), two antigens of prostatic origin that are synthesized independently of prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP, EC 3.1.3.2), to assess their potential in monitoring prostatic cancer. At presentation, 27/30 (90%) patients with metastases had a PSA concentration greater than 10 ng/mL, and 29/30 (97%) a gamma-SM concentration greater than 10 ng/mL; 21/61 (34%) with disease but without metastases had an abnormal content of PSA, and 23/61 (38%) an abnormal gamma-SM. Concentrations of PSA and gamma-SM were significantly correlated (r = 0.68, p less than 0.001). In 20 patients without metastases followed longitudinally, the median concentrations of gamma-SM, PSA, and PAP in the 13 patients who developed bony metastases or showed signs of local spreading of the tumor were 58 ng/mL, 34 ng/mL, and 2.1 U/L, respectively. The corresponding median values in the seven patients who remained clinically stable were 2.5 and 3.9 ng/mL, and 2.3 U/L. We conclude that either PSA or gamma-SM can warn of disease progression when PAP activities are still within normal limits.
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PMID:Measurements of serum gamma-seminoprotein and prostate specific antigen evaluated for monitoring carcinoma of the prostate. 243 Jul 32

Clinical and laboratory studies have confirmed the efficacy of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCH) as tumor markers in the diagnosis, monitoring and assessment of prognosis in cases of testicular tumor. Serum AFP level is positive in 75% of yolk sac tumors, 70% of embryonal carcinomas and 62% of teratomas. All cases of choriocarcinoma show elevated serum hCG. In the treatment of prostatic cancer, prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), prostatic-specific antigen (PA) and gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm) are important serum markers, and the RIA method has improved their specificity and sensitivity. These markers are also correlated well with therapeutic efficacy. Especially, improvement of the serum PAP level in patients with stage C and D cancer indicates prolongation of survival time. Over 90% of the metastatic lesions of prostatic cancer are encountered in the skeletal system. Thus, serum alkaline phosphatase and urinary hydroxyproline are considered to be useful markers for indicating bone involvement. In other urological malignancies, there are no specific tumor markers. As non-specific markers for renal cell carcinoma, ESR, LDH, CEA, alpha 2-globulin, haptoglobin, fibrinogen and various hormones have been investigated. In the treatment of bladder cancer, it is important to distinguish the malignant potential of the tumor. From this viewpoint, various immunohistochemical investigations and flow cytometric analysis are now in progress. It is expected that some of the findings of the studies could prove to be of clinical use in the near future.
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PMID:[Significance of tumor markers in the treatment of urological malignancies]. 244 94

The serum prostate specific antigen (PA) was determined with the Diagnostic Products Cooperation (DPC) PSA double antibody radioimmunoassay kit. The upper limit of the normal range was set at 4 ng/ml which was the mean + 3S.D. for males over 50 years old in a mass examination. For comparison, prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), and gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm) were determined using an Eiken kit and Chugai kit, and PA was also assayed using another kit (Eiken, Travenol). Positive rate of PA and PAP in the untreated prostatic cancer was 75 and 33% in Stage A, 100 and 0% in Stage B, 100 and 100% in Stage C, 100 and 67% in Stage D1, 100 and 80% in Stage D2 and 73 and 33% in benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH), respectively. The level of PA determined during the follow-up of prostatic cancer showed the usefulness of simultaneous PA and PAP assays for monitoring the clinical course. The PA level using a DPC kit was highly correlated to that of PA using other kit, but the correlation with gamma-Sm and PAP was low. These results show that the DPC kit is useful for determining PA, and determination of PA and PAP is of great value both in diagnosis and in the follow-up of prostatic cancer, but the high positive rate in BPH remains a problem.
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PMID:[Prostate specific antigen in serum of the patients with prostatic cancer]. 245 78

The levels of prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm) and prostate specific antigen (PA) were determined in the serum of 200 untreated patients 28 patients with reactivated prostatic cancer and 179 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) from 1979 to 1987. PAP and gamma-Sm were determined using an Eiken and Chugai kit, respectively and PA was assayed using an Eiken or Travenol kit. The sensitivity of PAP, gamma-Sm and PA respectively in the untreated prostatic cancer cases was 0, 0% and 67%, for Stage A1, 25, 17 and 100% for Stage A2, 23, 50 and 60% for Stage B, 62, 81 and 94% in Stage C, 58, 67 and 90% for Stage D1, 86, 88 and 100% for Stage D2. The specificity of PAP, gamma-Sm and PA is 89, 69 and 43%, respectively. The efficiency of PAP was the highest at all stages as a whole, but when compared at each stage, gamma-Sm was the highest at Stages B and C. The sensitivity of simultaneous assays of PAP and gamma-Sm was slightly increased, but sensitivity was not increased by simultaneous use of three markers. The efficiency of a simultaneous assay was lower than that of a single assay with PAP. However, combined determination of gamma-Sm or PA with PAP was found to be useful for monitoring the clinical course of the reactivated patients. Correlation between PAP and PA levels was high, but that between gamma-Sm and PA levels was low. There was no correlation between PAP and gamma-Sm levels. In conclusion, PAP is the most valuable marker for prostatic cancer, and gamma-Sm is of value for use in combination with PAP. However, an additional PA assay was not found to be of advantage.
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PMID:[Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm) and prostate specific antigen (PA) in prostatic cancer]. 246 44

The serum prostate specific antigen (PA) of the patients with prostatic cancer were determined with 3 assay kits, the Diagnostic Products Cooperation (DPC) kit, the Eiken kit and the Dainippon Pharmaceutical Co. (MARKIT F) kit. The first 2 assay kits involve radioimmunoassay and the latter EIA. For comparison, prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) and gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm) were determined using an Eiken kit and Chugai kit. Efficiency of the DPC kit, Eiken kit and the MARKIT F kit for untreated prostatic cancer was 26, 25 and 36%, respectively. The PA level measured using the Eiken kit and the MARKIT F kit both well correlated to the PAP level, but with the DPC kit correlation was slightly low. The PA level measured using the 3 different kits correlated poorly with the gamma-Sm level. The PA values obtained with 3 different assays from patients with prostatic cancer were highly correlated, but showed great differences in the values measured. When the standards used in the DPC kit were analyzed by the Eiken kit, the DPC standards as measured by the Eiken kit had only about half of their assigned values. The same standards were analyzed by the MARKIT F kit, the standards yielded measured values about one third of their assigned values. When the standards used in the MARKIT F kit were analyzed by the Eiken kit, the MARKIT F standards yielded measured values about 2.5 fold of their assigned values. The differences between the values obtained with the 3 assay kits presented a serious problem in clinical use of PA. Standardization of these assay kits will be awaited.
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PMID:[Comparison of 3 assay kits of prostate specific antigen in serum of prostatic cancer]. 246 43

Antigens recognized by anti-gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm) antibody and anti-prostate-specific antigen (PA) antibody were analyzed immunologically by Ouchterlony method and Western blotting method. The double immunodiffusion test demonstrated that anti-gamma-Sm antibody and anti-PA antibody reacted against an identical antigen in seminal fluid or prostate homogenate. In the immunoblotting examination, anti-gamma-Sm antibody and anti-PA antibody formed a single and identical band, which gave a molecular weight of 33,000, in seminal fluid and prostate homogenate. This study demonstrated that anti-gamma-Sm antibody and anti-PA antibody recognized a single and identical antigen in seminal fluid and prostate homogenate and suggested that an identical material could be measured in sera of patients with prostate cancer by immunoassay systems using anti-gamma-Sm antibody and anti-PA antibody.
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PMID:[Analysis of antigens recognized by anti-gamma-seminoprotein antibody and anti-prostate-specific antigen antibody by means of Ouchterlony method and western blotting method]. 247 64

Serum prostatic specific antigen (PA), gamma-seminoprotein (gamma-Sm) and prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) were evaluated in 141 patients with prostatic cancer, 121 of whom were newly diagnosed. Of the 121 untreated patients, 77, 71 and 67% were detectable by the PA, gamma-Sm and PAP markers, respectively. PA was equally or more sensitive in all stages than the other two markers. Using the benign prostatic hypertrophy group (131 patients) as a negative control, the specificities of PA, gamma-Sm and PAP were 89, 76 and 83%, respectively. Combination of PA, gamma-Sm and PAP increased sensitivity to 86%, especially in localized disease (stages A, B and C) to 74%, but did not improve specificity (67%) or efficiency (76%). During the follow-up period of 1-53 months, 24 of 141 patients with prostatic cancer had disease progression. All serial levels of gamma-Sm, PA, and PAP were positive in 17, 12 and 10 of the 24 patients within 6 months prior to detectable disease progression. gamma-Sm appeared to be more sensitive than the other two markers for early detection of disease progression. These results suggest that PA and gamma-Sm are reliable markers for detection and monitoring of prostatic cancer.
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PMID:Multiple marker evaluation in prostatic cancer using prostatic specific antigen, gamma-seminoprotein and prostatic acid phosphatase. 247 64


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