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Query: UMLS:C0376358 (prostate cancer)
 59,338 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Simultaneous presentation of transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder and adenocarcinoma of the prostate is not uncommon. Twenty-two patients were diagnosed as having simultaneous or concurrent presentation of prostate and bladder carcinomas between January 1970 and July 1986. The overall five-year survival was 40 percent, with patients presenting with prostate cancer doing better (50%) than those with bladder cancer (32%). Retrospective review of these cases suggests that primary therapy should be directed to the most advanced cancer. Incidental prostate cancer may be "cured" with a cystoprostatectomy and, when indicated, radiation therapy added postoperatively for the bladder cancer. Eleven patients presented with Stage A prostate cancer: 10 of the 11 were treated for their bladder cancer. Treatment was usually radical cystoprostatectomy with or without postoperative radiation. None died of prostate cancer. Patients presenting with advanced stage prostate cancer have had recurrence or have died of the cancer.
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PMID:Simultaneous presentation of adenocarcinoma of prostate and transitional cell carcinoma of bladder. 200 Jun 74

Patients with T1 (stage A) prostatic cancer detected on transurethral resection and patients with T2 (stage B) cancer, identified by palpation and needle biopsy, had similar time to failure and survival following radical prostatectomy. Transurethral resection was not associated with a higher degree of failure. The volume of the tumor and the biology of the disease were decisive of the outcome. In low-grade low-volume prostatic adenocarcinoma the risk of progression is very low.
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PMID:The relevance of stage A malignancy in prostatic cancer. 202 12

Since the demonstration in 1941 by Huggins and Hodges that prostatic cancers are androgen dependent, hormonal treatment by androgen ablation has been the principal treatment for patients with advanced adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Although not able to permanently and totally eradicate every cancer cell since prostate cancer cells are quite heterogeneous in their sensitivity to androgens, hormonal therapy can produce dramatic subjective improvement as well as objective remissions. This results in an improved quality of survival and for patients with metastatic adenocarcinoma, endocrine therapy does reduce the death rate from cancer, and if death from other concurrent illness is controlled, there is an absolute increase in survival. At present, a variety of strategies are available for ablation of testicular and adrenal androgens, but results are not clinically significantly better than orchiectomy.
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PMID:Hormonal therapy for prostate cancer. 218 44

Forty-six patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate were given an intravenous infusion of the thymidine analogue, bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU), 200 mg/m2, at the time of needle biopsy or transurethral resection to label tumor cells in the DNA synthesis phase. The tumor specimens were stained by an indirect immunoperoxidase method with anti-BrdU monoclonal antibody. The BrdU labeling index, S-phase fraction, was determined by counting the number of BrdU-labeled cells in the tissue sections. S-phase fraction correlates with the results of histologic tumor grade, Gleason score, and growth patterns. The higher S-phase fraction may indicate biologic malignancy. Moreover, the degree of heterogeneity concerning S-phase fraction distribution within prostate cancer tissue could be evaluated and the findings compared with the morphologic appearance. The authors results suggest that the measurement of BrdU labeling index in prostate cancer may prove to be a new objective and quantitative assay for biologic potential of individual tumors.
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PMID:S-phase fraction of human prostate adenocarcinoma studied with in vivo bromodeoxyuridine labeling. 219 46

The establishment of a new human prostatic cancer cell line is described. This cell line was derived from a poorly to moderately differentiated prostatic adenocarcinoma. It has been maintained in tissue culture for fourteen months and has been passed fifty-two times. This cell line has an ability to form colonies in soft agar suspension cultures, and also is transplantable to nude mice. Tumors grown in nude mice revealed a poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with positive PSA staining. Acid phosphatase activity was detected in freeze-thawed cells by enzymatic assay. A karyotype analysis demonstrated aneuploidy with a model chromosomal number of 69 and six marker chromosomes.
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PMID:Establishment of new human prostatic cancer cell line (JCA-1). 219 44

Point mutations at codons 12, 13, or 61 of the Ha-, Ki-, and N-ras genes are able to convert these normal cellular genes into activated oncogenes. Previous studies have shown that ras gene mutations occur in a variety of human solid tumors and may be important in the pathogenesis of some of these tumors. In order to test the hypothesis that ras gene mutations may be associated with prostate cancer, we have used an oligodeoxynucleotide hybridization assay to detect wild-type and mutant alleles in genomic DNA from prostate tumors and prostate tumor cell lines amplified using the polymerase chain reaction. Twenty-four primary prostate tumors (23 acinar tumors and one ductal tumor) and five prostate tumor cell lines were examined for mutations at codons 12, 13, and 61 of the Ki-ras, Ha-ras, and N-ras genes. Two mutations were detected: an A----G transition causing a glutamine to arginine amino acid substitution at codon 61 of the Ha-ras gene in a primary prostatic duct adenocarcinoma and a G----T transversion causing a glycine to valine amino acid substitution at codon 12 of the Ha-ras gene in a prostate tumor cell line (TSU-PR1) derived from a lymph node metastasis. While the overall frequency of ras gene mutations in prostate tumors is low, when these mutations do occur they may have a role in the progression of disease or the development of the unusual ductal variant of prostatic adenocarcinoma.
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PMID:ras gene mutations in human prostate cancer. 220 48

We have developed a technique of transurethral radiotherapy for prostatic cancer using a remote after-loading system. The radioactive source is a cobalt-60 pellet with 3.7-Ci activity. Four patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate were treated. In all patients, the local tumor response was rapid and satisfactory as judged by physical examination as well as ultrasonography. Serious complications were not seen. A new technique and preliminary clinical results are reported.
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PMID:Remote afterloading transurethral radiotherapy for prostatic cancer. 230 94

Over a 16-year period (1966 to 1981), 349 patients underwent radical retropubic prostatectomy for pathologic stage B adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Nuclear DNA content was measured by flow cytometry on available archival material of 283 patients. Two hundred sixty-one patients (92%) had high-quality histograms. The ploidy distribution was as follows: DNA diploid, 177 (68%); DNA tetraploid, 74 (28%); and DNA aneuploid, 10 (4%). The average follow-up was 9.4 years. At the time of follow-up, 53 patients (20%) within the study group had developed tumor progression: 22 local, 23 systemic, and 8 both. The ploidy distribution of the population that developed tumor progression was 27 DNA diploid (51%), 16 DNA tetraploid (30%), and 10 DNA aneuploid (19%). This ploidy distribution is significantly different from that found for the nonprogression group with stage B disease. Overall, 31% of patients with DNA nondiploid tumors had tumors that progressed compared with 15% of patients with DNA diploid tumors. All (100%) DNA aneuploid tumors progressed. The DNA ploidy distribution of all pathologic stage B prostate cancers differs significantly from that found in more advanced stages (C and D1) previously reported for the same time interval. However, the ploidy distribution of stage B tumors that progressed closely resembles that of the stage C and D1 tumors. These results further support the working hypothesis that nuclear DNA content has marked prognostic significance for patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate. It seems to us that analysis of ploidy by flow or static cytometry will become an essential tool for treating patients with localized prostate cancer.
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PMID:Stage B prostate adenocarcinoma. Flow cytometric nuclear DNA ploidy analysis. 230 81

An important animal model for human prostatic adenocarcinoma is the Dunning R3327 rat carcinoma. In the present study this tumor was further characterized by analyzing the expression of endogenous sugar-binding proteins using glycohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry as well as affinity chromatography and gel electrophoresis. Our glycohistochemical and glycobiochemical results provide evidence for the presence of specific receptors for various carbohydrate moieties. Remarkably, basal cells of the Dunning tumor contain an endogenous lectin with specificity for beta-galactosides that is not found in basal cells of the normal rat prostate. This finding was corroborated using polyclonal antibodies against an immunologically related beta-galactoside-specific lectin from bovine heart. Basal cells of prostatic carcinoma may therefore behave different from normal basal cells. This difference could have a significant impact on the development of prostatic cancer.
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PMID:Expression of endogenous receptors for neoglycoproteins in Dunning R3327 rat prostatic carcinoma. 232 May 6

The use of different expressions of mortality in prostate cancer can lead to difficulty in comparing reported data. We have used different measures of mortality in the same group of 438 patients presenting consecutively with histologically proven adenocarcinoma of the prostate, in order to assess the values and deficiencies of each method. The use of expected and relative survival is shown to be valuable in allowing indirect but objective assessment of disease specific mortality in prostatic cancer.
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PMID:Measures of mortality in prostatic cancer. 232 16


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