Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0376358 (prostate cancer)
 59,338 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Scanning electron microscopy is applied to the study of 3-dimensional surface and organization of a normal prostate gland and of samples of prostatic disease, including five cases of benign hyperplasia and 15 cases of prostatic adenocarcinoma of different degrees of differentiation. The study provided further evidence regarding the nature and origin of prostatic cancer at a cytologic level and indicated alternate pathways to the neoplastic spread within the prostate gland.
 ...
PMID:Scanning electron microscopic study of prostatic cancer. 6 26

Since prolactin has several modes of action on prostatic growth and physiology, the effect of the antiprolactin bromocriptine on plasma kinetics and intraprostatic metabolism of testosterone was studied in patients with untreated prostatic cancer; a therapy protocol was deduced which was controlled in 27 patients with advanced inoperable prostatic adenocarcinoma. Bromocriptine resulted in a significant suppression of prolactin and testosterone as well and favored testosterone elimination from the plasma pool. Prostatic androgen uptake was enhanced and the intraprostatic metabolism altered in relation to tumor grade. Adjunctive administration of bromocriptine to 27 patients, mostly in the state of hormone resistance, resulted in an overall objective regression of 22.2% and in stable disease in 55.6% of the patients. In half of the individuals a prompt relief of bone pain from osseous metastases was observed as well as improvement of micturition and decline of phosphatase activity. This preliminary data justify further investigations under controlled and randomized conditions.
 ...
PMID:[Bromocriptine for palliation of advanced prostatic carcinoma. Experimental and clinical profile of a drug (author's' transl)]. 8 47

Twenty-six patients with physical findings suspicious for prostatic cancer were examined by contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) of the prostate region prior to prostatic biopsy of resection. Twelve had benign hypertrophy and/or prostatitis and fourteen had adenocarcinoma. Prostatic contour, density, seminal vesicle "angle," extraprostatic soft tissue "mass," and the pelvic fat planes were evaluated. A nodular prostatic contour was found only in patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate, indicating a role for CT in the diagnosis of this disease. Two patients with benign prostatic disease had extraprostatic soft tissue "masses" identical to those seen in six patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate, suggesting limited usefulness of CT in staging patients with known tumor.
 ...
PMID:Computed tomography in the evaluation of the suspected carcinomatous prostate. 9 25

Twenty-seven patients with a diagnosis of metastatic adenocarcinoma of the prostate were treated in a randomized, prospective trial with either Cyclophosphamide or a combination of Adriamycin, 5-Fluorouracil, and Cyclophosphamide. Doses were either Cyclophosphamide alone (800-1200 mg/m2 iv q 3 weeks) or Cyclophosphamide (150-200 mg/m2 po Day 3-6) plus 5-FU (400-500 mg/m2 iv Day 1, 8) plus Adriamycin (30-50 mg/m2 iv Day 1) given as a 4 week treatment cycle. Patients with compromised bone marrow reserve initially received the lower dose level. Objectively stable disease as defined by a modification of the National Prostatic Cancer Project criteria was seen in 53% of the 15 Cyclophosphamide treated patients and in 50% of the 12 combination treated patients. Survival was not significantly different in the two arms. However, the survival of patients responding to Cyclophosphamide was significantly longer than that of patients responding to the combination (median 18.6 months versus 8.1 months, p less than 0.05). Gastrointestinal and hematologic toxicity was moderate with both regimens. Therefore, in the present study, Cyclophosphamide alone was as effective as the combination of Cyclophosphamide, 5-FU and Adriamycin for patients with disseminated prostatic carcinoma. The moderate hematologic toxicity noted with both regimens suggests further evaluation of drug combinations utilizing higher dosages of active agents in this disease.
 ...
PMID:Cyclophosphamide (NSC 26271) versus the combination of adriamycin (NSC 123127), 5-fluorouracil (NSC 19893), and cyclophosphamide in the treatment of metastatic prostatic cancer: a randomized trial. 36 13

The presence of malignant cells in needle biopsy specimens following irradiation for adenocarcinoma of the prostate has been used to criticize or defend this treatment. At Walter Reed Medical Center, 38 consecutive patients with Stage Cadenocarcinoma underwent definitive irradiation between August 1970 and March 1973. The median dose to the pelvis was 7000 rads in 31 fractions in 43 days (2030 ret). Post treatment examination included palpation of the prostate and transperineal biopsy of the most suspicious areas. Gradual disappearance of the palpable tumor occurred in all patients. Two men have had clinical evidence of re-growth of prostatic cancer. Thirty-three patients have had up to seven biopsies each for a total of 139, an average of four biopsies per patient. There were 49 positive and 90 negative biopsies. Positive biopsy rate correlated only with the interval after irradiation--60% at six months, 37% at one year, 30% at 18 months, and approximately 19% after two and one-half years. There was no correlation of biopsy results with pre-irradiation estrogen or orchiectomy, with time-dose-fractionation relationships, or with prognosis. These biopsies provide interesting data about the regression rate of prostatic adenocarcinoma, but they have no significance for the individual patient. They have, therefore, been eliminated from follow-up studies.
 ...
PMID:The significance of needle biopsy after irradiation for stage C adenocarcinoma of the prostate. 40 78

The establishment, characterization, and tumorigenicity of a new epithelial cell line (PC-3) from a human prostatic adenocarcinoma metastatic to bone is reported. The cultured cells show anchorage-independent growth in both monolayers and in soft agar suspension and produce subcutaneous tumors in nude mice. Culture of the transplanted tumor yielded a human cell line with characteristics identical to those used initially to produce the tumor. PC-3 has a greatly reduced dependence upon serum for growth when compared to normal prostatic epithelial cells and does not respond to androgens, glucocorticoids, or epidermal or fibroblast gowth factors. Karyotypic analysis by quinacrine banding revealed the cells to be completely aneuploid with a modal chromosome number in the hypotriploid range. At least 10 distinctive marker chromosomes were identified. The overall karyotype as well as the marker chromosomes are distinct from those of the HeLa cell. Electron microscopic studies revealed many features common to neoplastic cells of epithelial origin including numerous microvilli, junctional complexes, abnormal nuclei and nucleoli, abnormal mitochondria, annulate lamellae, and lipoidal bodies. Overall, the functional and morphologic characteristics of PC-3 are those of a poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma. These cells should be useful in investigating the biochemical changes in advanced prostatic cancer cells and in assessing their response to chemotherapeutic agents.
 ...
PMID:Establishment and characterization of a human prostatic carcinoma cell line (PC-3). 44 82

A transplantable, metastasizing prostatic adenocarcinoma (Tumor I) in Lobund Wistar rats was examined for activity and distribution of five hydrolytic enzymes and for ability to accumulate radioactive zinc. The results suggest that the tumor had arisen in the ventral lobe of the prostate and that its growth was not affected by orchiectomy, adrenalectomy, or replacement treatment with exogenous androgen or corticosteroids. The androgen independency of the tumor was further shown by the low uptake of 3H-testosterone, in contrast to the high uptake in the ventral prostate. Tumor growth was retarded by Cytoxan but not by 5-fluorouracil, Estracyt, or streptozotocin, three agents clinically effective in the treatment of some patients with prostatic cancer resistant to endocrine therapy. It is concluded that this tumor in Lobund Wistar rats may be an adequate model for human prostatic cancers resistant to the agents mentioned above.
 ...
PMID:A rat prostatic adenocarcinoma as a model for the human disease. 44 85

Two cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate are reported and criteria for diagnosis are suggested. Squamous cancer, which accounts for 0.5 to 1% of prostatic malignancies, differs from the common adenocarcinoma of the prostate in certain clinical features. It also appears to have a worse prognosis and to be unresponsive to the usual therapies for prostatic cancer, perhaps because of a different cell of origin.
 ...
PMID:Squamous cell carcinoma of the prostate: report of 2 cases and review of the literature. 45 67

A tumor-associated antigen-induced leukocyte adherence inhibition assay was used to evaluate the effect of serum from patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate on the antitumor reactivity of normal leukocytes. Peripheral blood leukocytes from 53 normal (control) subjects were armed with serum from 22 patients with localized (Stage A) and metastatic (Stage D) prostatic cancer and reacted with allogenic extract of malignant prostate as specific tumor-associated antigen. Leukocytes pre-treated with serum from patients with Stage A cancer show significantly stronger responses to malignant prostate than do those pretreated with serum from patients with Stage D cancer, which induced little or no response. This may be attributed to an "arming factor" present in the sera of patients with an initial stage of prostatic cancer which appears to be capable of sensitizing normal leukocytes and making them specifically reactive to tumor extract. The specificity of arming with individual and pooled patient's sera was delineated by the use of extracts from other genitourinary tumors.
 ...
PMID:Arming of normal leukocytes with sera from patients with adenocarcinoma of the prostate. 47 62

Cis-diamminedichloride platinum II (DDP), 50--70 mg/m2 iv, q 3w was administered to 25 patients with Stage D adenocarcinoma of the prostate. Since the assessment of tumor regression in a disease-oriented phase II study demands a clear end-point of response, case selection was restricted to patients who had objectively measurable lesions, i.e., nodes, skin, lung, and liver metastasis. Partial remission occurred in 3 (12%) and stabilization of disease in 1 patient. Responders lived 53 weeks vs. 20 weeks for non-responders. In the dosage and schedule used in this protocol, DDP was not an active agent in the treatment of prostatic cancer. Various patient characteristics are examined and correlations made between remission rates and survival in this study vs. 4 other response schemata. A critical analysis of patient selection, "lead time" -- diagnosis to chemotherapy, and the definitions of the terms "measurable" lesions, "evaluable" parameters, "objective response", stabilization of disease and response criteria employed in the 4 schemata are also discussed.
 ...
PMID:A critical analysis of response criteria in patients with prostatic cancer treated with cis-diamminedichloride platinum II. 49 29


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>