Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0348321 (Haemophilus)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An average of 1.4% of the more than 30,000 participants in a treatment study were diagnosed as having acute sinusitis. 62% of all cases of sinusitis arose in patients aged between 15 and 44 years. Treatment with antibiotics is indicated in purulent sinusitis whilst non-purulent sinusitis is treated either with local or systemic antiphlogistic agents. The secondary bacterial infection is usually caused by Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and anaerobic bacteria. In Scandinavia these probably account for 90% of the purulent sinusitis cases whilst Branhamella catarrhalis is responsible for the remaining 10%. Penicillin V is the agent of choice in acute sinusitis. Cefaclor is preferable in combatting H. influenzae. In a double blind study comparing doxycycline to cefaclor in the management of acute sinusitis (108 patients with cefaclor, 105 patients with doxycycline, no difference emerged between the two groups in the subjective assessment of the treatment results. Objective evaluation recorded excellent results for 88% and 83% of the patients in the cefaclor and doxycycline groups, respectively. Side-effects were noted by 7% of the cefaclor and by 13% of the doxycycline patients. The difference between the incidence of side-effects was not statistically significant. Taking into account the treatment results, the side-effects and ecological aspects, cefaclor is second only to penicillin as the agent of choice in suspected or confirmed purulent sinusitis (e. g. in presence of penicillin allergies or failure of the infection to respond to penicillin V).
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PMID:[Acute sinusitis in adults]. 349 8

A prospective study was conducted in 216 patients with ulceration of throat and 100 controls. Bacteriology showed, in the low percentage of case with positive results, the classical distribution of germs generally identified from throat swabs, with predominance of haemolytic streptococci AB and associated fusospirilla. Haemophilus influenzae was very rarely isolated (1%) and immunofluorescence tests for Chlamydia trachomatis in the pharyngeal exudate were always negative, in both patients and controls. These findings confirm utility of Penicillin V as single therapeutic agent in ulcerated throat. Correlations between clinical findings and between these and bacteriology results demonstrated that clinical examination failed to provide data contributive to the establishment of an aetiological diagnosis and therefore to treatment, which, in the absence of complementary examinations, must remain empirical.
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PMID:[Tonsillitis today. Epidemiologic review. Clinical correlates. Therapeutic impact]. 360 39

Most patients with sinusitis are treated by general practitioners. Since these doctors generally do not puncture the maxillary sinus, they can not be certain that the patient has a purulent sinus infection, which is the most important sign for determining whether or not the patient should have an antibiotic. Thus, the doctor has to rely on symptoms that are most characteristic of a purulent sinusitis. The symptoms are described and the bacteria most frequently seen in sinusitis are mentioned (Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and anaerobic bacteria). Treatment of maxillary sinusitis should primarily consist of restoring the normal milieu within the sinus by antral puncture and lavage. Penicillin V is still the first antibiotic drug of choice, because of its effectiveness in vitro and in vivo. In therapeutic failure, aeration of the maxillary sinus is first recommended. Cefaclor, tetracyclines or trimethoprim are recommended in patients allergic to penicillins. The agents are also recommended when beta-lactamase-producing strains of H. influenzae and Branhamella catarrhalis are isolated.
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PMID:Treatment of maxillary sinusitis. 658 Jul 35