Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0348321 (Haemophilus)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The in vitro activity of cefpirome, a new cyclopyridinium cephalosporin, was evaluated against 947 aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. Cefpirome inhibited 90% of Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Citrobacter diversus, Morganella morganii, Proteus vulgaris, Proteus mirabilis, Aeromonas spp., Salmonella spp., Shigella spp. and Haemophilus and Neisseria species at less than or equal to 0.4 mg/l. It had activity comparable to that of cefotaxime, ceftizoxime, ceftazidime, aztreonam, and moxalactam against these species. Only a few Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter spp. and Serratia marcescens had MICs above 3.1 mg/l. The activity of cefpirome against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 90% MIC of 12.5 mg/l, was superior to piperacillin, moxalactam, cefotaxime and cefoperazone. The 90% MIC against Staphylococcus aureus was 0.8 mg/l, but methicillin-resistant staphylococci were not inhibited. Cefpirome was not significantly hydrolyzed by most plasmid beta-lactamases (TEM, SHV-1, PSE, OXA) nor by chromosomal enzymes (P99, Branhamella catarrhalis, K1). Cefpirome did not inhibit chromosomal or plasmid beta-lactamases. Mice systemically infected with E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa and S. aureus were protected by concentrations of cefpirome ranging from 0.85 mg/kg for K. pneumoniae to 4.467 mg/kg for P. aeruginosa.
 ...
PMID:The in vitro activity and beta-lactamase stability of cefpirome (HR 810), a pyridine cephalosporin agent active against staphylococci, Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 392 97

HR 810 or cefpirome is a new 2-amino-thiazol cephalosporin whose salient characteristic is a bicyclic nucleus, namely cyclopenteno-pyridinium, in position 3. This nucleus imparts a broad spectrum of activity that includes Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Neisseria, non-D Streptococcus and Haemophilus. Cefpirome is also active, although to a lesser extent, against Streptococcus faecalis and Acinetobacter.
 ...
PMID:[Cefpirome (HR 810). A new broad spectrum cephalosporin]. 393 23

The in vitro activity of cefpirome, a new injectable cephalosporin was studied against 1,082 clinical isolates in a multicentre study. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined using an agar dilution method. Cefpirome was active against Enterobacteriaceae. On naturally non-producing beta-lactamase species, cefpirome was active on most of the strains with MICs < or = 0.5 mg/l, including strains producing an acquired penicillinase: E. coli 0.03-0.06, P. mirabilis 0.06-0.12, Salmonella spp. 0.06-0.06, Shigella spp. 0.016-0.03. MICs of K. pneumoniae (0.06-4) ranged from 0.016 to 32:MICs were high against expanded-spectrum betalactamase producers strains. Against species producing cephalosporinase, cefpirome was also active on most of the strains with MICs < or = 0.5: E. cloacae 0.06-2, Citrobacter spp. 0.03-1, S. marcescens 0.06-0.5, P. indol + 0.06-0.25, P. stuartii 0.12-0.5. Cefpirome was less active on Pseudomonas aeruginosa, (8-32) and on A. baumanii (16-32). MICs of cefpirome were low against Haemophilus spp. betalactamase producing or not (0.01-0.03) and M. catarrhalis (0.6-4). Activity of cefpirome on methicillin-sensitive staphylococci, was higher than other third generation cephalosporins (0.25-2) comparable to that of cephalotin and cefamandol. Methicillin-resistant strains should be considered as resistant. Pneumococci (0.01-0.03), except for penicillin-R strains, and streptococci A, B, C, G (0.01-0.06) were very susceptible. Enterococci were of low sensitivity or resistant. Among anaerobes, C. perfringens appeared often susceptible, and Bacteroides spp. resistant.
 ...
PMID:[In vitro antibacterial activity of cefpirome: a new cephalosporin; results of a multicenter study]. 772 47

The antimicrobial activity of cefpirome was compared with amoxycillin/clavulanic acid, ampicillin/sulbactam, cefuroxime, ceftazidime, gentamicin and amikacin against 743 non-duplicate clinical isolates. MIC50 and MIC90 showed that the antibiotic was active against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive organisms. Cefpirome was highly active against most of the Enterobacteriaceae, including indole-positive Proteus spp., Aeromonas spp. (MIC < or = 1 mg/L) and Salmonella spp. (MIC < or = 0.5 mg/L). Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Haemophilus influenzae (including beta-lactamase producers) were all susceptible, with MIC less than 0.5 and 0.25 mg/L respectively. Cefpirome was more active than cefuroxime and ceftazidime against Campylobacter spp. (MIC < or = 2 mg/L), but less active than ceftazidime against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Cefpirome was active against Streptococcus pneumoniae. Streptococcus bovis and coagulase-negative staphylococci (MIC < or = 0.5 mg/L) and methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MIC < or = 2 mg/L). Methicillin-resistant S. aureus, Gram-positive and Gram-negative anaerobes were resistant to cefpirome. The stability of cefpirome to TEM-1, TEM-2, PSE-1, SHV-1 and the chromosomal-mediated P99 and K-1 beta-lactamases was comparable to ceftazidime.
 ...
PMID:The antimicrobial activity and beta-lactamase stability of cefpirome, a new fourth-generation cephalosporin in comparison with other agents. 833 98

Two thousand eight hundred and fifty-eight aerobic clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas species, staphylococci, streptococci and Haemophilus species were collected in 19 geographically separated centres in the UK and one in Ireland. The identity of each isolate was confirmed at Southmead Hospital and the MIC of cefpirome, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, cefuroxime, cephradine, amoxycillin, piperacillin, imipenem, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin and trimethoprim was determined by an agar dilution method. Against species of Enterobacteriaceae not associated with producing an inducible cephalosporinase, cefpirome had a similar degree of activity to cefotaxime and was more active than ceftazidime and earlier cephalosporins. Against species with a high prevalence of inducible beta-lactamase production, cefpirome was superior to other cephalosporins; imipenem was also active against these isolates. Cefpirome was active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, methicillin-sensitive staphylococci, non-enterococcal streptococci and Haemophilus spp. When the isolates were exposed to 0.1 mg/L of imipenem in agar plus the test agent, cefpirome had superior activity compared with the other cephalosporins tested for the Enterobacteriaceae, except Proteus vulgaris and Proteus penneri. 8.7% of Enterobacter spp., 7% of Citrobacter spp. and 6.7% of Morganella morganii had susceptibilities to beta-lactams suggesting constitutive hyperproduction of chromosomal cephalosporinase; cefpirome, unlike the other cephalosporins tested, was active against these isolates, although to a lesser degree than against the wild-type inducible isolates. No isolates were thought to produce an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase.
 ...
PMID:The activity of cefpirome and ten other antibacterial agents against 2858 clinical isolates collected from 20 centres. 848 69

The in vitro activity of cefpirome, a new parenteral fourth-generation cephalosporin, was investigated in the 5 university hospitals of Switzerland, and compared to 9 other antibiotics mainly used in hospitals, such as ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, piperacillin, imipenem, gentamicin, vancomycin, ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin. A total number of 992 strains collected only from intensive care units and haematology-oncology units were tested by microdilution according to NCCLS. Cefpirome showed an excellent activity against all Enterobacteriaceae (MIC90 = 4 mg/l), methicillin-susceptible staphylococci (MIC90 = 1 mg/l), Streptococcus pneumoniae (MIC90 = 0.25 mg/l) and Haemophilus influenzae (MIC90 = 0.12 mg/l) isolates. Its activity was superior to that of third-generation cephalosporins against cephalosporinase-depressed mutants of Enterobacter cloacae and Citrobacter freundii isolates (MIC90 > 32 mg/l for third-generation cephalosporins vs 4 mg/l for cefpirome). The MICs of cefpirome of 3 strains of Klebsiella spp. with an extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase were lower (MIC90 = 2 mg/l) than those of third-generation cephalosporins (MICs90 > 32 mg/l). Against Pseudomonas aeruginosa cefpirome was as active as ceftazidime. The activity of cefpirome was poor against methicillin-resistant staphylococci, enterococci and nosocomial Gram-negative bacteria such as Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
 ...
PMID:In vitro activity of cefpirome against microorganisms isolated in haematology, oncology and intensive care units in Switzerland. 957 44


<< Previous 1 2