Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0348321 (Haemophilus)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To determine optimal clinical laboratory techniques for detecting pediatric bacteremia, we studied 7,768 consecutive blood cultures in a 1-year period. Blood was inoculated into one vented 50-ml bottle of brucella broth with 0.05% sodium polyanetholsulfonate and one unvented 50-ml bottle of Columbia broth with 0.05% sodium polyanetholsulfonate and 0.05% cysteine. Bottles were visually examined for growth on days 1 through 7 and blindly subcultured aerobically and anaerobically on days 1, 2, and 7. There were 724 (9.3%) positive cultures, and 484 (6.2%) were clinically significant. The most frequent isolates from bacteremic patients were Haemophilus influenzae (24%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (17%). Growth was noted in only one bottle in 25% of clinically significant isolates. Bottles inoculated with greater than or equal to 1 ml of blood became positive earlier than bottles inoculated with less than 1 ml. After 1 day of incubation, 48% of the clinically significant cultures showed growth on visual examination, whereas 85% showed growth on subculture. Only 19% of Haemophilus isolates were detected visually on day 1, whereas 88% were recovered on subculture. By day 7, 3.5% of all isolates (including 18% of pneumococcal isolates and 1% of Haemophilus isolates) could no longer be recovered on subculture. We conclude that a two-bottle blood culture system and blind subculture within 24 h will optimize detection of pediatric bacteremia.
 ...
PMID:Evaluation of blood culture procedures in a pediatric hospital. 3 23

Thirty-seven strains of the genus Haemophilus and five strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae were examined for their ability to produce extracellular enzyme that cleaves immunoglobulin molecules. All strains of H. influenzae, H. aegyptius, and S. pneumoniae elaborated enzyme that selectively cleaved human immunoglobulin A1 (IgA1) myeloma proteins but was inactive against a variety of other proteins including human IgA2, IgG, and IgM, porcine and bovine secretory IgA, human and bovine serum albumins, and ovalbumin. Although susceptible, human secretory IgA remained largely undigested. Two strains of H. pleuropneumoniae isolated from fatally infected pigs cleaved porcine secretory IgA, but had no effect on human IgA proteins. None of 16 strains that belonged to nonpathogenic Haemophilus species produced IgA protease. Analyses of the cleavage products of human IgA1 and secretory IgA proteins by immunochemical methods, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and analytical ultracentrifugation revealed that Fab and Fc fragments were produced. Since the production of IgA1 protease by Neisseria meningitidis has been reported previously, our finding that H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae produce an IgA1 protease indicates that this is a property of all three major etiological agents of bacterial meningitis. This suggests that IgA1 protease production may be an important factor in the pathogenesis of this disease.
 ...
PMID:Pathogenic species of the genus Haemophilus and Streptococcus pneumoniae produce immunoglobulin A1 protease. 4 Aug 78

Six strains of Haemophilus species, pathogenic to chickens, required 1-0 to 1-5% (w/v) NaCl for optimum growth. The requirement was for Na+ rather than NaCl. A sodium salt buffer influenced the optimum NaCl requirement and enhanced growth. Each strain required a different concentration of NADH for an optimum rate of growth.
 ...
PMID:The effect of sodium chloride and NADH on the growth of six strains of haemophilus species pathogenic to chickens. 19 32

The ability of Haemophilus equigenitalis, the causal agent of contagious equine metritis 1977, to survive in various antibiotic-containing semen extenders was studied at different environmental temperatures. Gentamicin sulphate was found to be markedly superior to ampicillin or a combination of sodium benzyl penicillin and polymyxin B sulphate, Semen treated with the former antibiotic was either sterile at cultural examination or else yielded appreciably fewer colonies of H. equigenitalis than the untreated semen control. Ampicillin had no observable effect on the survival of this organism. Gentamicin was most effective when semen-extender mixtures were held at room temperature rather than at 37 or 4 degrees C. No detrimental effects on sperm motility were observed following the use of the different antibiotic-containing semen extenders in the presence or absence of H. equigenitalis.
 ...
PMID:Survival of Haemophilus equigenitalis in different antibiotic-containing semen extenders. 28 12

Immunization with ribosomal preparations from Haemophilus influenzae type b elicited protective immunity in mice. Ribosomes from disrupted cells where isolated by differential centrifugation using sodium dodecyl sulfate. The washed ribosomes contained 25% protein and 75% ribonucleic acid and sedimented as a single peak on sucrose density gradient analysis with a sedimentation coefficient of 67S, using Escherichia coli ribosomes as a 70S marker. Immunodiffusion tests with antipolyribose phosphate serum showed that the ribosomes were free from capsular material. Mice immunized subcutaneously with ribosomes, with or without adjuvant, were challenged intraperitoneally with 100 to 1,000 mean lethal doses of H. influenzae type b suspended in gastric mucin. Significant protection was induced by ribosomes and was compared to that obtained after sublethal infection with live cells. The protection was greatly enhanced after incorporation of ribosomes into adjuvants. Maximum protection (90 to 95%) was observed at 1 to 2 weeks after immunization. Ribosomes from a nonencapsulated strain of H. influenzae were as immunogenic as those from the encapsulated strain, demonstrating that the capsular material is not responsible for immunogenicity of Haemophilus ribosomes.
 ...
PMID:Immunoprotective activity of ribosomes from Haemophilus influenzae. 30 Mar 60

Polyribophosphate (PRP), the capsular polysaccharide of Haemophilus influenzae type b, is more effectively immunogenic when it is associated with the bacterium than when it is in the purified form that is being tested as a vaccine for humans. In an effort to analyze this difference, we isolated from H. influenzae type b a high-molecular-weight, soluble complex, in which PRP appears to be combined with protein (about 7% protein). The pyrogenicity and limulus lysate gelation activity of the complex suggest that a small amount of lipopolysaccharide also is present. The protein was resolved into five polypeptides by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel containing sodium dodecyl sulfate. In weanling rabbits, which do not respond to purified PRP, the complex induces high titers of antibody of PRP, in an anamnestic pattern. Bactericidal antibody to other bacterial components was also elicited. Equilibrium density gradient centrifugation of the complex indicated that most of the immunogenicity of PRP resides in the least dense fractions, which are high in protein, low in polysaccharide, and active in the limulus lysate test; denser fractions that react strongly with limulus lysate but are poor in protein were much less immunogenic.
 ...
PMID:Immunogenicity in weanling rabbits of a polyribophosphate complex from Haemophilus influenzae type b. 30 92

Three children had osteomyelitis due to Haemophilus influenzae type b. They were seen with signs and symptoms indistinguishable from infection caused by other organisms. One child was initially misdiagnosed as having septic arthritis because of failure to appreciate that Hemophilus may also cause bone infection. In the second patient osteomyelitis and arthritis developed during ampicillin sodium therapy for treatment of Hemophilus meningitis. His initial infection was caused by an ampicillin-sensitive isolate but his orthopedic infection subsequently responded to therapy only after changing to a regimen of chloramphenicol. In the third patient, bone scintigraphy was helpful in diagnosis since serial roentgenograms were not diagnostic of osteomyelitis. The anticapsular antibody responses of these patients were measured by radioimmune assay. The levels found were low but comparable to age-matched control children with H influenzae type b meningitis.
 ...
PMID:Haemophilus influenzae type b osteomyelitis. 30 93

Cellulitis due to Haemophilus influenzae type B in adults has only recently been reported. We report a case in which the patient's antibody levels documented an immunologic response to the organism. The efficacy of a new cephalosporin antibiotic, cefoxitin sodium, in treating this infection also was established. Cefoxitin has activity against ampicillin-resistant H influenzae and would be an alternative in treating H influenzae cellulitis.
 ...
PMID:Haemophilus influenzae cellulitis in an adult. 31 24

A lysed-blood culture system that quickly lyses patients' blood near neutrality and is relatively noninjurious to more delicate pathogens such as Haemophilus influenzae and Bacteroides fragilis is reported. The lysing solution includes culture medium, 0.004 M sodium carbonate and bicarbonate, 0.04% Triton X-100,and 0.6% Rhozyme (a mixture of proteases). Most of the pathogens tested multiplied in the lysing solution. The lysed blood normally is immediately filtered. The membrane is transferred to culture broth. The greatest advantage realized from this blood culture technique is separation of pathogens from antibiotics, bactericidal antibodies, complement, opsonins, and phagocytic systems. Another advantage is the concentration of organisms into a small volume of clear medium for faster growth and visualization of growth. It was observed that both gram-negative and -positive organisms were attracted during filtration to the filter material and were not removed from it by backwashing with buffer. Thus, filter membranes with porosities much larger than would nominally be expected to retain bacteria retained all or part of light and heavy Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus suspensions. Advantage may be taken of this phenomenon to use filters with larger pore sizes and avoid filter clogging by poorly lysed specimens. Porr lysis may result from addition of too much blood to the lysing solution, blood with elevated numbers of erythrocytes or leukocytes, or blood from some people whose blood is naturally more resistant to lysis.
 ...
PMID:Development of a lysis-filtration blood culture technique. 31 8

A newborn infant with hyaline membrane disease and aspiration pneumonia developed purulent meningitis on day 19, three days after discontinuation of ampicillin sodium and gentamicin sulfate therapy. Therapy with gentamicin, both systemically and intrathecally, for two weeks was ineffective. During this time each of four specimens of cerebrospinal fluid contained two serotypes of Escherichia coli, namely, O83:H4 and O75:H5. The antibiograms of the two strains were identical, both being susceptible to gentamicin and ampicillin. Treatment with ampicillin resulted in prompt disappearance of the infecting microorganisms and recovery from the infection. One of the strains (O75:H5) produced an antigen cross-reacting with the capsular antigen of Haemophilus influenzae type B; the other did not. The patient developed O antibodies in substantial titers against E coli O83 but not against E coli O75.
 ...
PMID:Meningitis due to two serotypes of Escherichia coli. An infant who recovered. 31 55


1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>