Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0348321 (Haemophilus)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Polyribosilribitolphosphate (PRP), the capsular polysaccharide from Haemophilus influenzae type b, is a T-cell-independent type 2 antigen. In vitro culture of adult peripheral blood T cells with 15 micrograms/ml PRP leads to induction of interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) expression on up to 10% of T cells. These cells are CD4+ and carry the alpha beta T-cell receptor. PRP, at concentrations above 1-5 micrograms/ml, can also induce in vitro proliferation of both adult and neonatal T cells. We conclude that PRP acts as a human T-cell mitogen. The in vitro proliferative response as well as IL-2R expression was studied in T cells derived from adults after vaccination with native PRP, with PRP conjugated to a carrier protein, or with diphtheria toxoid. Vaccination with conjugated PRP decreased the doses of PRP required for in vitro induction of IL-2R expression and T-cell proliferation. This indicates that vaccination with PRP conjugated to a carrier protein improves the in vitro T-cell response to PRP activation.
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PMID:In vitro activation of human T lymphocytes by Haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharides. 134 27

Pancreas transplantation in type 1 diabetes patients could result in (re)activation of allo- and autoreactive T lymphocytes. Anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) induction treatment is a successful, but broadly reactive anti-lymphocyte therapy used in pancreas and islet transplantation. A more selective alternative is daclizumab, a monoclonal antibody directed against the interleukin-2 receptor (CD25) on activated lymphocytes. We tested the hypothesis that daclizumab is more selective and has less immunological side effects than ATG. Thirty-nine simultaneous pancreas-kidney transplantation patients with type 1 diabetes were randomized for induction therapy with ATG or daclizumab. Auto- and recall immunity was measured cross-sectionally by lymphocyte stimulation tests with a series of auto- and recall antigens in 35 successfully transplanted patients. T cell autoimmunity to islets was low in both groups, except for a marginal but significantly higher reactivity against glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD)65 in daclizumab-treated patients. The memory responses to recall antigens were significantly higher in the daclizumab-treated group compared to ATG-treated patients, specifically against purified protein derivative (PPD) (anti-bacterial immunity), Haemophilus influenzae virus matrix protein-1 (anti-viral immunity) and p53 [anti-tumour (auto)immunity]. These data imply that daclizumab is more specifically affecting diabetes-related immune responses than ATG. The autoimmunity is affected effectively after daclizumab induction, while memory responses towards bacterial, viral and tumour antigens are preserved.
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PMID:Selective unresponsiveness to beta cell autoantigens after induction immunosuppression in pancreas transplantation with anti-interleukin-2 receptor antibody versus anti-thymocyte globulin. 1745 76