Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0348321 (Haemophilus)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The increasing number of ampicillin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae recoveries have required a change in the treatment of meningitis due to this organism. Chloramphenicol has been recommended and is an effective though toxic substitute. Streptomycin combined with sulfisoxazole has been as effective as ampicillin in treating H influenzae meningitis. The results of treating 61 children with ampicillin were compared with results of those given streptomycin intramuscularly, in three intrathecal doses with sulfisoxazole intravenously, and by mouth to 50 children. Permanent neurological sequelae, including deafness, mental retardation, and persisting seizures, developed in the six given ampicillin; communic-ting hydrocephalus occurred in one who had been treated with streptomycin and sulfisoxazole. There was no phlebitis, buttocks abscess, or drug eruptions, and treatment was better tolerated in the streptomycin and sulfisoxazole group. This combination is suggested as an effective alternative to ampicillin.
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PMID:Streptomycin and sulfisoxazole for treatment of Haemophilus influenzae meningitis. 24 31

High-resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of pulse-labeled Haemophilus influenzae extracts allows for the separation and quantification of more than five hundred protein spots. We have determined the changes in the protein synthesis patterns triggered by treatment with inhibitors of transcription, Rifampicin (Rif) and translation, Chloramphenicol (Chl), Erythromycin (Ery), Fusidate (Fus), Puromycin (Pur), Kanamycin (Kan), Streptomycin (Str), and Tetracycline (Tet) relative to the total protein synthesis rate. More than 200 spots changed in intensity under at least one condition. With the exception of the aminoglycosides, Kan and Str, all inhibitors triggered a clear increase in the synthesis rates of ribosomal proteins and RNA polymerase subunits. Northern analysis of rpoA, rpoB, rpoC, and six ribosomal protein genes indicated induction of transcription as well as antitermination as part of the mechanism of the regulation of gene expression. Total RNA synthesis was increased after exposure to Chl, Ery, Fus, and Tet, whereas Str had no effect. Rif led to an almost complete shutdown of RNA synthesis. Exposure to Chl, Ery, Fus, Rif, and Tet resulted in a decrease in the concentration of the stringent factor, guanosine 5',3'-bis-diphosphate (ppGpp) whereas Str again had no effect. Thus, as in Escherichia coli, the response of H. influenzae to translational inhibitors appears to be mediated by the regulatory nucleotide ppGpp.
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PMID:Mechanism-related changes in the gene transcription and protein synthesis patterns of Haemophilus influenzae after treatment with transcriptional and translational inhibitors. 1168 Dec 6

Streptomycin resistance of a high degree has been induced in sensitive populations of Hemophilus influenzae and Hemophilus parainfluenzae by desoxyribonucleic acids (DNA's) derived from streptomycin (SM)-resistant cells of at least one heterologous species of Hemophilus. The specificity of the DNA which controls SM resistance has been studied within and among species of Hemophilus by comparing, in a given population, the proportion of cells transformed to SM-resistant by DNA's derived from highly resistant cells of heterologous type or species with the proportion changed by the DNA derived from SM-resistant cells of the homologous type or species. The ratio resulting from this comparison correlates in general with the degree of kinship between recipient and donor cells suggested by accepted methods of bacteriologic classification. The numerical value of the ratio is much lower when the species of the recipient population and donor of the DNA differ than when they are of the same species. The data suggest that this ratio is of value as an index of degree of kinship of recipient and donor cells. Comparison of the activity of heterologous and homologous DNA's shows differences within species and degrees of differences among species not brought out by other available methods. The data suggest that H. influenzae is more closely related to H. parainfluenzae than to H. suis and that the relationship between H. parainfluenzae and H. suis is remote. Within the species H. influenzae and H. parainfluenzae the ratio of hetero-specific transformants to homospecific transformants appears to be relatively constant for a given recipient population. This ratio also appears to be independent of the type or group source of the heterologous species SM resistance DNA. The low proportion of cells in H. influenzae populations which are transformed to SM-resistant by DNA's derived from SM-resistant H. parainfluenzae and vice versa has been increased 4- to 15-fold by the replication of the heterologous species SM resistance DNA in the heterologous species. An alteration of the heterologous DNA by the host is suggested.
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PMID:On the specificity of the desoxyribonucleic acid which induces streptomycin resistance in Hemophilus. 1335 87