Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0348321 (Haemophilus)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Single-dose pharmacokinetic studies were performed in 64 infants, ranging in age from less than 1 day to 6 days, after intravenous infusion or intramuscular injection of approximately 75 mg/kg of mezlocillin. Mean serum concentrations at one hour were 107 micrograms/ml and 82.5 micrograms/ml for neonates less than or equal to 1 day of age and greater than or equal to 6 days of age, respectively. The serum clearance ranged from 3.0 to 6.4 hours. Based on data from the study, it is recommended that mezlocillin be administered to neonates with gram-negative bacterial infections in a single dose of 75 mg/kg, either as an intravenous infusion over 30 minutes or as an intramuscular injection, every 12 hours during the first week of life. Mezlocillin alone or in conjunction with penicillin was used in treating 165 neonates with suspected sepsis. Gram-negative organisms were recovered from 18 of the 27 neonates from whom pathogens were isolated. Three of these 18 strains, a Klebsiella oxytoca, an Acinetobacter anitratum, and a Haemophilus influenzae, were resistant to mezlocillin in vitro. Twenty-four of the 27 patients who satisfied criteria for evaluation achieved a bacteriological and a clinical cure. Cerebrospinal fluid permeation after multiple doses ranged from 18% to 45% of serum levels. No significant local or systemic side effects were seen. The results indicate that mezlocillin is an effective ureidopenicillin for the treatment of gram-negative bacterial infections.
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PMID:Clinical evaluation of mezlocillin in neonates. 647 69

The acylureidopenicillins azlocillin and mezlocillin cover a broad spectrum of bacteria, including gramnegative and grampositive species as well as anaerobes. Azlocillin is especially active against P. aeruginosa. Mezlocillin has a good activity against Klebsiella. Both antibiotics inhibit Hemophilus, N. meningitidis and D. pneumoniae in low concentrations. Clinical and kinetic studies were made in more than 300 pediatric patients. Elimination-constant halflife, distribution volume and area under the curve were determined to propose dosage recommendations. Concentrations of azlocillin (44) and mezlocillin (77) were measured in the bronchial secretions. Up to hour 5 after i.v. injection a wide range of concentration values were observed. Azlocillin was found in the meconium in different concentrations after a single injection into the newborn. Mezlocillin diffused into the CSF even in uninflamed meninges, 3 h after injection the mean concentrations were 5.5 mg/l. 39 patients, 35 of them infected by P. aeruginosa, were treated by azlocillin. Urinary tract infections, wound infections and dacryocystitis were cured with one exception. Less convincing were the results in complicated bronchopulmonary diseases. The clinical efficacy of mezlocillin was similar. In a group of 59 patients there were only 3 without effect and some with improvement again in complicated pulmonary diseases. Side effects worth to be mentioned were not seen. In 2 patients the azlocillin injection caused nausea. Mezlocillin led to some minor transitory elevations of the transaminases and dyspepsia in some patients.
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PMID:[Experiences using acylureido-penicillins (azlocillin, mezlocillin) in pediatrics]. 669 39

The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of penicillin G, ampicillin, mezlocillin, azlocillin, cephalothin and cefoxitin were determined for 47 strains of Haemophilus influenzae, 68 strains of Neisseria meningitidis and 45 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae. These strains were isolated during the past three years from patients with acute bacterial meningitis. Three strains of H. influenzae were ampicillin-resistant while no pneumococcus or meningococcus strain was penicillin-resistant. Mezlocillin was the most potent antibiotic against the Haemophilus and pneumococcus strains, followed closely by azlocillin. Mezlocillin inhibited 77.7% of the meningococci strains tested at a concentration of 0.03 mg/l. Penicillin G was the most effective of the drugs against these strains. It inhibited 100% at a concentration of 0.5 mg/l. The cephalosporins were the least active of the six beta-lactam antibiotics tested.
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PMID:Comparative activity of six beta-lactam antibiotics against strains of Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria meningitidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae. 681 56