Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0348321 (Haemophilus)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Spontaneous fusion between lymphoid and carcinoma cells in vivo has been described previously. Splenocytes from mice treated with LPS or mitogen have been reported to fuse better with myeloma cells using PEG as fusion agent than splenocytes from untreated mice. We report a phenomenon where immunization of mice with formalin treated, whole Haemophilus paragallinarum bacteria induced spontaneous fusion of splenocytes with myeloma cells in vitro, without the aid of any fusion agent. Co-immunization of mice with H. paragallinarum and an unrelated antigen (hen's egg white lysozyme), followed by co-culturing of the immune splenocytes with SP2/0 myeloma cells, yielded stable hybridoma cell lines producing anti-lysozyme antibodies. H. paragallinarum may be used in adjuvants to simplify the production of monoclonal antibodies, and the discovery of a promotional activity of a gram negative bacterium on cell fusion and hybridoma formation may shed new light on spontaneous fusion as a natural immune phenomenon in cancer.
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PMID:Spontaneous fusion between splenocytes and myeloma cells induced by bacterial immunization. 225 87

Serum samples from 37 patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), whose lungs were colonized by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, were tested in a 1 yr prospective study to examine a possible relationship between levels of circulating immune complexes (CIC) and the following parameters: level of specific antibodies to P. aeruginosa; relative importance of P. aeruginosa mucoid and non-mucoid strains isolated from sputum; the forced expiratory volume (FEV1; percentage predicted); the chest X-Ray score (Brasfield system) and the clinical score (Shwachman system). Reactivity of CIC against P. aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Haemophilus influenzae and Escherichia coli antigens were also assayed. We found that the FEV1, the chest X-Ray and the clinical scores were significantly lower in patients with high levels of CIC than in those with normal levels of CIC (p less than 0.001 for each). We also found that the level of IgG antibodies against P. aeruginosa was significantly higher (p less than 0.001) in patients with high levels of CIC than in those with normal levels of CIC. 78% of patients with high levels of CIC had predominantly mucoid P. aeruginosa isolates whereas only 21% of patients with normal levels of CIC had also predominantly mucoid P. aeruginosa isolates. Specific antibodies to P. aeruginosa were detected in all CIC isolated by polyethylene glycol precipitations from CF patients exhibiting both high levels of CIC and inferior pulmonary status. Our findings support the hypothesis that a high level of CIC in association with an aggressive humoral response to P. aeruginosa correlates with defective pulmonary status in cystic fibrosis.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Circulating immune complexes, antibodies to Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and pulmonary status in cystic fibrosis. 253 28

We report a 5-year-old girl with adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency who was asymptomatic during the first years of life. At 3 years of age, she developed chronic and recurrent sinopulmonary infections, and at 4 1/2 years of age she had one major infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae (bacteremia and septic arthritis of the hip). Immunologic evaluation at 5 years of age revealed persistent lymphopenia, decreased helper-suppressor T cell ratios, and low proliferative responses to mitogens. The IgG, IgM, and IgA levels were normal; the IgG2 level was low normal or below normal. The patient had specific antibodies against toxoids and viral antigens but failed to produce antibodies against Haemophilus influenzae type b and pneumococcal polysaccharides. Although no symptoms of allergy were present, she had persistent eosinophilia and elevated IgE levels. The patient had 0.6% of normal ADA activity in erythrocytes and approximately 1% of normal ADA activity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Beginning at 6 years of age, she was treated with weekly injections of polyethylene glycol-modified bovine ADA. This treatment was well tolerated and effectively reversed the biochemical consequence of ADA deficiency. Concomitantly, she improved clinically and her T lymphocyte numbers and blastogenic responses to mitogens in vitro became normal. The late onset of clinical symptoms and relatively benign clinical course in this patient emphasize the need to consider ADA deficiency in a broad spectrum of immunodeficient children.
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PMID:Adenosine deaminase deficiency with late onset of recurrent infections: response to treatment with polyethylene glycol-modified adenosine deaminase. 326 Sep 44

IgA proteases were estimated in a turbid aqueous two-phase system with 10% polyethylene glycol-Tris buffer, where IgA spontaneously concentrates in microscopic spherical particles (less than 1 micron). After enzymatic cleavage of IgA into Fab alpha and Fc alpha fragments, these fragments are soluble and decreasing turbidity is observed. The reaction may be followed by conventional spectrophotometry. In this manner, IgA proteases may be estimated in 10 min. Examples of the utility of the method are given with results from inhibitor studies, estimation of Km and purification of IgA protease from Haemophilus influenzae.
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PMID:Bacterial immunoglobulin A proteases monitored by continuous spectrophotometry. 389 49

The bactericidal activities of human complement and human antibody directed against specific Haemophilus influenzae type b cell surface determinants were investigated. Strain Eagan, a laboratory isolate, and strain Kn, a clinical isolate, were used as the test organisms and gave qualitatively similar results. In the absence of antibody, both isolates were resistant to killing by 60% agammaglobulinemic serum (AGS) containing normal complement levels. The addition of affinity-purified immunoglobulin G anticapsular antibody was bactericidal with 15% AGS as the complement source. Bactericidal activity was also demonstrated with this antibody when the complement source was AGS-Mg-EGTA [ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl ether)-N,N-tetraacetic acid], C2-deficient human serum (alternative complement pathway), or AGS in which factor D and properdin had been selectively inactivated (classical pathway). Immunoglobulin G fractions from a human serum pool or from serum from an adult who had recovered from H. influenzae type b (Kn) sepsis were absorbed to remove anticapsular antibody. The absorbed fractions containing noncapsular antibodies also activated complement-dependent bactericidal activity. But, in contrast to the results with anticapsular antibody, noncapsular antibodies did not elicit alternative pathway bactericidal activity. Incubation of cells of H. influenzae type b in C2-deficient serum or AGS-Mg-EGTA did not cause complement consumption (total hemolytic complement and C3). The addition of immunoglobulin G anticapsular antibody (but not noncapsular antibody) increased consumption of total complement and C3, paralleling the results of the bactericidal assays. These studies demonstrated an absolute requirement for anticapsular antibody in alternative pathway activation and killing of H. influenzae type b.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Antibody-dependent alternative pathway killing of Haemophilus influenzae type b. 660 28

A luminol-enhancement chemiluminescence assay and a radiolabeled uptake assay were developed to assess opsonins for Haemophilus influenzae type b. Opsonins in acute and convalescent sera from 17 children with H. influenzae type b meningitis, along with pooled normal human sera, were evaluated and compared with anti-polyribosephosphate antibody concentrations. Five children had a rise in the chemiluminescence-area under the curve for convalescent compared with acute sera. Patient chemiluminescence--area-under-the-curve values were significantly (P less than 0.05) more likely to exceed 50% of normal human serum values if sera contained greater than or equal to 0.1 microgram of anti-polyribosephosphate antibody per ml. Magnesium ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid chelation and heat inactivation of patient and normal human sera significantly (P less than 0.05) reduced chemiluminescence--area-under-the-curve activity. Thus, complement appears to contribute significantly to the opsonization of H. influenzae type b in sera of children. Two of nine children had increases in opsonins as assayed by 3H-labeled H. influenzae type b uptake. After natural systemic H. influenzae type b infection, young children are unable to respond acutely with an increase in anti-polyribosephosphate antibody or serum opsonic activity.
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PMID:Assessment of Haemophilus influenzae type b opsonins by neutrophil chemiluminescence. 697 83

A new polyethylene glycol (PEG) radioimmunoprecipitation assay was developed for the detection of antibody to Haemophilus influenzae b capsular polysaccharide, polyribosylribitol phosphate (PRP). The radioactive antigen, [3H]PRP, with a high specific activity, was produced by growing the organism in the presence of [3H]ribose and was purified by hydroxylapatite and Sepharose 4B column chromatography. In the assay, PEG (12.5%) was used to separate antibody-bound [3H]PRP from free [3H]PRP. The assay covered the range of 0.5 and 20 ng antibody/assay at a maximum sensitivity of 0.5 approximately 1.0 ng antibody/assay. With various dilutions (1-20 ng antibody/assay) of S. Klein reference antiserum, the within-run coefficient of variation (CV) of 10 replicates ranged from 3.5 to 8.5%. Average CVs of 8.9% and 11.0% were obtained in the between-run and day-to-day reproducibility studies. The binding of [3H]PRP to S. Klein reference antiserum was severely inhibited by a minute amount of non-radioactive PRP; however, no significant interference was found in the presence of high concentrations of polysaccharides from Escherichia coli K100 and Streptococcus pneumoniae indicating that the RIA was highly specific for antibody to H. influenzae b PRP. The present RIA is a simple, specific, sensitive and reproducible procedure for the evaluation of antibody responses of young animals and infants to H. influenzae b vaccines and infections.
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PMID:A radioactive antigen-binding assay for the measurement of antibody to Haemophilus influenzae type b capsular polysaccharide. 697 91

A DNA (cytosine)-5-methyltransferase from Haemophilus aegyptius (M.Hae III), which catalyzes methyl transfer from S-adenosyl-L-methionine to DNA, has been crystallized as a covalent complex with a suicide oligonucleotide substrate. Crystals of the co-complex were grown by vapor diffusion with hanging droplets, using polyethylene glycol 3500 as the precipitant. The crystals belong to the orthorhombic space group P2(1)2(1)2(1); the unit cell parameters are a = 57.6 A, b = 108.0 A, c = 155.8 A with two protein-DNA complexes in the asymmetric unit. Complete sets of native and derivative data have been collected to 2.7 A using a laboratory source.
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PMID:Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of a DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase from Haemophilus aegyptius bound covalently to DNA. 817 50

Spontaneous cell fusion induced by the bacterium Haemophilus paragallinarum has been recently reported as an alternative technique to generate hybridomas producing monoclonal antibody (mAb). In order to investigate the advantages of this technique to produce anti-tumor monoclonal antibodies we performed comparative experiments between H. paragallinarum induced spontaneous cell fusion and polyethylene glycol (PEG) mediated fusion. Hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies to an experimental murine lymphoma antigen, the Dalton's lymphoma associated antigen (DLAA) were generated and their sensitivity and specificity were ascertained. The spontaneous fusion yielded more number of stable and specific hybridomas than PEG mediated fusion. The results suggest the advantage of H. paragalinarum induced cell fusion for the simplified production of specific antitumor monoclonal antibodies.
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PMID:Production of monoclonal antibodies to a tumor--associated antigen by spontaneous cell fusion. 1126 Dec 31

The enzyme 3-deoxy-manno-octulosonate cytidylyltransferase (CMP-KDO synthetase; CKS) catalyzes the activation of 3-deoxy-manno-octulosonate (KDO) by forming CMP-KDO. It is essential for the biosynthesis of lipopolysaccharides in Gram-negative bacteria and is a potential target for the discovery of antibacterial agents. L-CKS from Haemophilus influenzae was overexpressed with a C-terminal hexahistidine tag in Escherichia coli and crystallized in the presence of the substrate KDO at 297 K using PEG 4000 as a precipitant and ethylene glycol as an additive. The diffraction limit and spot shape of the native crystal could be improved significantly by dehydration/annealing. X-ray diffraction data were collected to 2.5 A resolution from a native crystal. The crystals are orthorhombic, belonging to the space group P2(1)2(1)2(1), with unit-cell parameters a = 48.6, b = 83.1, c = 117.3 A. The presence of two monomers of recombinant L-CKS in the crystallographic asymmetric unit gives a reasonable V(M) of 2.05 A(3) Da(-1), with a solvent content of 40.0%.
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PMID:Crystallization and preliminary X-ray crystallographic studies of 3-deoxy-manno-octulosonate cytidylyltransferase from Haemophilus influenzae. 1249 64


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