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Query: UMLS:C0348321 (Haemophilus)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Of 30 sows from a herd believed to be free of Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae infection, 2 had complement-fixing antibodies to H. pleuropneumoniae serotype 5. Necropsy and microbiological examination of the two sows revealed no evidence of H. pleuropneumoniae infection; however, Haemophilus taxon "minor group" and a urease-negative, indole-positive Haemophilus sp. were isolated from numerous respiratory tract sites in both sows. Isolation of these Haemophilus spp. was facilitated by serially diluting specimens in two broth media. Pigs from a closed, respiratory disease-free herd were inoculated with four strains of Haemophilus taxon "minor group" to determine whether the organism induces antibodies which cross-react with H. pleuropneumoniae in the complement fixation test. Antigenic heterogeneity among the taxon "minor group" strains was apparent; however, antibodies cross-reacting between these strains and H. pleuropneumoniae serotypes 1 through 5 and 7 were not detected.
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PMID:Characterization of Haemophilus spp. isolated from healthy swine and evaluation of cross-reactivity of complement-fixing antibodies to Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae and Haemophilus taxon "minor group". 406 24

A case of Haemophilus parainfluenzae bacteremia without known infectious focus is reported. Phenotypically, the isolated strain is a typical H. parainfluenzae except for its ability to produce indole and beta-lactamase. Beta-lactamase producing H. parainfluenzae organisms are encountered occasionally, but to the best of our knowledge this is the first reported blood culture isolate with this ability. We propose a new biotype (IV) of H. parainfluenzae to accommodate strains that are indole, urease and ornithine decarboxylase positive.
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PMID:Bacteremia caused by a beta-lactamase producing Haemophilus parainfluenzae strain of a new biotype. A case report. 633 36

Six Haemophilus influenzae strains could not be classified as biotypes I through VII. The strains were indole, urease, and ornithine decarboxylase negative. We propose that they be classified as biotype VIII, a previously unreported biotype.
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PMID:Haemophilus influenzae biotype VIII. 633 37

A total of 307 lungs obtained from a slaughterhouse were cultured by a dilution technique for the isolation of Haemophilus spp. The technique consisted of performing serial (10-fold) dilutions of the tissue samples to a dilution of 10(-5). Two selective media were used. L broth consisted of a basal brain heart infusion broth containing 5% horse serum, 5% yeast extract, and 100 micrograms of NAD and 0.5 microgram of lincomycin per ml. L-B broth was identical to L broth, except 1.5 microgram of bacitracin per ml was included. The broths were incubated overnight and then plated onto blood agar. A total of 83 (27%) isolates were obtained, and both media proved to be necessary, as a proportion of isolates grew in one of the media employed but not in the other. Of the isolates, 66.3% were urease positive and most of these (98%) were classified as "minor group" strains. Urease-negative strains (27.7%) were classified as Haemophilus parasuis.
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PMID:Dilution technique for isolation of Haemophilus from swine lungs collected at slaughter. 635 Mar 43

Even 70 years ago Gram-negative coccobacilli had been recognized in vaginal discharge and were cultured 30 years ago. The need to have blood in agar medium for cultivation suggested that the organisms might be a Haemophilus species. Later, however, growth characteristics and other features resulted in their being placed in the genus Corynebacterium, before it was realized that this was inappropriate and they were transferred to a new genus and species Gardnerella vaginalis. The organisms are Gram-variable, non-sporing, non-flagellate, non-motile coccobacilli of average size 0.4 X 1-1.5 microns. The cell wall is laminated and some strains possess pili. G. vaginalis is fermentative and dextrose, fructose, galactose, glucose, maltose, mannose, ribose and starch are most likely to be metabolized. However, published patterns of the sugars fermented vary widely and most workers do not rely on such tests as a means of identification. Of many other features exhibited by G. vaginalis, the following are outstanding: it does not produce catalase, cytochrome oxidase, hydrogen sulphide, indole, or urease. Nor does it degrade aesculin, liquefy gelatin, reduce nitrate, or decarboxylate arginine, lysine or ornithine. On the other hand, it is sensitive to hydrogen peroxide, often causes beta-haemolysis and usually hydrolyses hippurate and starch. G. vaginalis is serologically heterogeneous and causes haemagglutination which is mannose resistant. It is resistant to several antibiotics, including amphotericin, colistin, nalidixic acid and gentamicin, which may be incorporated in selective media.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:The bacteriology of Gardnerella vaginalis. 639 9

Thirty Haemophilus strains and six Actinobacillus strains, all of porcine origin, were examined for their biochemical reactivity on API 20E and API ZYM test strips using dense cell suspensions (supplemented with NAD as appropriate) as strip inocula. When combined with a test for V-factor dependency, the use of both strips allowed adequate differentiation of closely related organisms. Numerical taxonomic analysis of the data demonstrated that the majority of the haemophili and actinobacilli studied could be placed in one of four major clusters; these clusters contained, respectively, the H. pleuropneumoniae--A. pleuropneumoniae strains, the H. parasuis strains, strains belonging to Haemophilus taxon "minor group," and strains belonging to an unusual group of mannitol-positive, urease-negative haemophili. A representative of Haemophilus species taxon C and an unusual Actinobacillus isolate appeared to be comparatively unrelated to organisms in the four major clusters. Although it may, on occasion, be difficult to place an unusual isolate in any one particular group, owing to the uncertain taxonomy of some of these organisms, it is concluded that API test strips can serve as useful tools for the characterization and differentiation of porcine haemophili and actinobacilli.
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PMID:Porcine haemophili and actinobacilli: characterization by means of API test strips and possible taxonomic implications. 650 90

396 Haemophilus influenzae strains were biotyped according to Kilian. 393 of the strains were assigned to biotypes I to V, while 3 strains remained unclassified. Eighty-nine per cent of the capsulated strains produced both urease and ornithine decarboxylase, biotypes I or IV, while 95 per cent of the non-capsulated strains produced only one of the enzymes, biotypes II, III, or V. Of consecutive strains from the upper respiratory tract, the incidence of beta-lactamase-positive strains was higher among capsulated than among non-capsulated strains (p less than 0.025). None of 133 non-capsulated beta-lactamase-positive strains produced both urease and ornithine decarboxylase, in contrast to 15 out of 147 non-capsulated beta-lactamase-negative strains (p less than 0.001). The type e strains were all of biotype IV and 3 of 7 consecutive strains were beta-lactamase-positive.
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PMID:Biotypes of capsulated and non-capsulated Haemophilus influenzae. Correlation between biotypes and beta-lactamase production. 697 Apr 97

Seventeen strains of Haemophilus ducreyi were isolated from genital lesions which were negative for syphilis by dark-field examination. Media used for primary isolation at various times during the study were enriched chocolate agar, chocolate agar plus vancomycin (3 microgram/ml), rabbit blood agar plus vancomycin (3 micrograms/ml), fetal bovine serum agar, and fetal bovine serum agar plus vancomycin (3 micrograms/ml). H. ducreyi was isolated on chocolate agar plus vancomycin from 10 of 14 patients found to be positive on one or more media, on rabbit blood agar plus vancomycin from 16 of 17 patients, and on fetal bovine serum agar plus vancomycin from 9 of 11 patients. Sera from six animal species were tested to determine if any would support the growth of H. ducreyi. Horse and rabbit sera supported light growth of some strains. Fetal bovine serum supported good growth of all strains included in the study. Biochemical and physiological tests were done on the 17 isolates, a reference strain of H. ducreyi, and two reference strains of Haemophilus haemoglobinophilus. The results agreed with those reported by Kilian, except that H. ducreyi produced alpha-hemolysis in stabs on rabbit blood agar and was oxidase positive, three strains were urease positive, and CO2 improved the growth of seven strains. All 17 isolates were beta-lactamase positive. The reference strains were beta-lactamase negative.
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PMID:Isolation and identification of Haemophilus ducreyi in a clinical study. 697 72

Biotyping of Haemophilus influenzae into five type and H. parainfluenzae into three types based on indole production, ornithine decarboxylase, and urease has been reported (M. Kilian, Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Scand. Sect. B 82:835--842, 1976). A commercially available test system designed for the 4-h identification of Enterobacteriaceae. Micro-ID, proved efficacious for the rapid biotyping of these two Haemophilus species. The nitrate reductase, indole production, ornithine decarboxylase, urease, and o-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside hydrolysis tests in Micro-ID correlated over 99% with conventional methodology. By utilizing the indole and o-nitrophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside tests it was possible, with 261 of 272 (96.1%) isolates, to distinguish H. influenzae from H. parainfluenzae. Cerebrospinal fluid isolates were over 90% H. influenzae biotype I, and conjunctival isolates were approximately 70% biotype II. Type b H. influenzae were predominantly biotypes I and II; these type b isolates were also overwhelmingly indole producers. Although over 90% of biotypes I and II have been reported to produce beta-lactamase, this was not confirmed by the small number of beta-lactamase producers encountered here. The 4-h Micro-ID should prove a useful mechanism, amenable to the routine clinical laboratory, for the further exploration of the association of Haemophilus with the site of isolation, antigenicity, and antibiotic resistance.
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PMID:Rapid biochemical characterization of Haemophilus species by using the micro-ID. 698 1

PathoTec strips and spot biochemical tests were evaluated for the ability to biotype Haemophilus influenzae and Haemophilus parainfluenzae. Indole, urease, and ornithine decarboxylase reactions were tested. The results of PathoTec strips compared favorably with those conventional methods; the percent agreements were as follows: indole, 100; urease, 99.5; and ornithine, 95.5. Spot tests were simple and rapid, and the results also compared favorably with those of conventional tests; the percent agreements were as follows: indole, 99; urease, 100; and ornithine, 96.
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PMID:Rapid biotyping of Haemophilus influenzae and Haemophilus parainfluenzae with PathoTec strips and spot biochemical tests. 704 63


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