Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0348321 (Haemophilus)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The first unique step in bacterial and plant methionine biosynthesis involves the acylation of the gamma-hydroxyl of homoserine. In Haemophilus influenzae, acylation is accomplished via an acetyl-CoA-dependent acetylation catalyzed by homoserine transacetylase. The activity of this enzyme regulates flux of homoserine into multiple biosynthetic pathways and, therefore, represents a critical control point for cell growth and viability. We have cloned homoserine transacetylase from H. influenzae and present the first detailed enzymatic study of this enzyme. Steady-state kinetic experiments demonstrate that the enzyme utilizes a ping-pong kinetic mechanism in which the acetyl group of acetyl-CoA is initially transferred to an enzyme nucleophile before subsequent transfer to homoserine to form the final product, O-acetylhomoserine. The maximal velocity and V/K(homoserine) were independent of pH over the range of values tested, while V/K(acetyl)(-)(CoA) was dependent upon the ionization state of a single group exhibiting a pK value of 8.6, which was required to be protonated. Solvent kinetic isotope effect studies yielded inverse effects of 0.75 on V and 0.74 on V/K(CoA) on the reverse reaction and effects of 1.2 on V and 1.7 on V/K(homoserine) on the forward reaction. Direct evidence for the formation of an acetyl-enzyme intermediate was obtained using rapid-quench labeling studies. On the basis of these observations, we propose a chemical mechanism for this important member of the acyltransferase family and contrast its mechanism with that of homoserine transsuccinylase.
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PMID:Enzyme-catalyzed acylation of homoserine: mechanistic characterization of the Haemophilus influenzae met2-encoded homoserine transacetylase. 1091 62

Homoserine transacetylase catalyzes one of the required steps in the biosynthesis of methionine in fungi and several bacteria. We have determined the crystal structure of homoserine transacetylase from Haemophilus influenzae to a resolution of 1.65 A. The structure identifies this enzyme to be a member of the alpha/beta-hydrolase structural superfamily. The active site of the enzyme is located near the end of a deep tunnel formed by the juxtaposition of two domains and incorporates a catalytic triad involving Ser143, His337, and Asp304. A structural basis is given for the observed double displacement kinetic mechanism of homoserine transacetylase. Furthermore, the properties of the tunnel provide a rationale for how homoserine transacetylase catalyzes a transferase reaction vs hydrolysis, despite extensive similarity in active site architecture to hydrolytic enzymes.
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PMID:Crystal structure of homoserine transacetylase from Haemophilus influenzae reveals a new family of alpha/beta-hydrolases. 1631 80

alpha-exo-Methylene-gamma-lactones and alpha-exo-methylene-gamma-lactams are key structural units in a wide variety of natural products. These substances exhibit a high degree of bioactivity against numerous biological targets that play important roles in several diseases. A library of functionalized gamma-lactones and gamma-lactams containing both unsaturated and saturated side chains at the alpha position of the ring was synthesized. The generation of this library first involves sequential allylation of aldehydes or imines with 2-alkoxycarbonyl allylboronates, followed by ring closure to give alpha-exo-methylene-gamma-lactones or alpha-exo-methylene-gamma-lactams, which are subjected to various transition metal catalyzed coupling reactions to introduce additional diversity. A subset of the library was screened for inhibition of homoserine transacetylase (HTA) from Haemophilus influenzae and showed promising initial activity profiles.
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PMID:Diversity-oriented synthesis and preliminary biological screening of highly substituted five-membered lactones and lactams originating from an allyboration of aldehydes and imines. 1907 14