Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0348321 (Haemophilus)
 15,372 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Surveillance of the Danish childhood immunization programme has taken place at Statens Seruminstitut since 1980. A description of the prevalence of the diseases, which are included in the programme, is presented. The Danish childhood immunization programme has for many years been one of the best in the world although it differs markedly from other countries. The polio immunization programme with inactivated polio vaccine given first and then later live attennuated vaccine is probably the optimal polio immunization programme. The childhood immunization programme began in 1943 with free diphtheria vaccination, and tetanus immunization was added in 1949. There was a big polio epidemic in 1952/53 and the polio vaccine was introduced in 1955. All three vaccines have markedly reduced the prevalence of these diseases. Pertussis vaccine was introduced in 1961 and measles, mumps and rubella vaccination in 1987. Vaccination against Haemophilus Influenzae type b was introduced with success in 1993. In the future several changes will probably be made in the programme because of the possibility using new combined vaccines.
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PMID:[The childhood vaccination program. Background, status and future]. 783 12

Rats were treated in a repetitive way one to four times with either pertussis toxin, combined Diphtheria-Tetanus-Poliomyelitis-Pertussis vaccine (DTP-IPV vaccine, which includes inactivated polio virus and whole-cell pertussis), DT-IPV vaccine (lacking the whole-cell pertussis component) or acellular pertussis (aP) vaccine or Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine. Baseline diastolic blood pressure, baseline heart rate and adrenergic and cholinergic responses were evaluated 4 days after last treatment. Pertussis toxin decreased baseline diastolic blood pressure (28-43%) and increased baseline heart rate (28-40%). Adrenergic and cholinergic response were inhibited by 65-75% and 70-78%. Multiple treatments were grossly as effective as single treatment. Similar results were obtained with DTP-IPV, while DT-IPV did not affect any of the four responses measured. Acellular pertussis vaccine did not affect baseline diastolic blood pressure, but significantly increased baseline heart rate (14%) and inhibited the adrenergic (19-23%) and cholinergic response (39-50%). This indicates that the acellular vaccine tested contains pharmacologically active pertussis toxin. As the effects were less pronounced compared to DTP-IPV, it is concluded that acellular pertussis retains less residual toxicological effects than whole-cell pertussis vaccine and may therefore be a safer vaccine. The observed effects on haemodynamics and autonomic control seem to be specific for pertussis toxin and pertussis-related vaccines as Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine is in this respect virtually inactive.
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PMID:Repeated administration of whole-cell and acellular pertussis vaccines affects haemodynamics and autonomic responsiveness. 971 45

Hemophilus pertussis vaccine injected into normal rat skin produced local edema lasting several days. Four to 6 days later the injected site became severely inflamed. When uninjected skin was challenged 5 to 28 days after the initial injection, severe inflammation developed at the site of challenge within 12 to 24 hours. This secondary hypersensitive response was elicited by a dose of vaccine which produced little or no initial or delayed inflammation in a normal rat. Specific cutaneous hypersensitivity to a particulate antigen (i.e. typhoid vaccine) or a soluble antigen (human or rabbit gamma globulin) developed when rats were injected with a mixture of the antigen and pertussis vaccine. Pertussis vaccine mixed with typhoid vaccine did not enhance circulating agglutinin formation to typhoid vaccine. Cutaneous hypersensitivity to pertussis vaccine was passively transferred to normal rats by lymph node cells but not with serum from hypersensitive rats. Sensitization with pertussis vaccine did not enhance the edema-producing activity of histamine, serotonin, or 48/80 given subcutaneously. Mast cells in areas of hypersensitive inflammation were not damaged appreciably. The hypersensitive inflammation was not inhibited by treatment with anti-serotonin and antihistaminic drugs. Hypersensitive rats "depleted of mast cells" responded to challenge with pertussis vaccine with severe inflammation though their response to 48/80 was depressed. Hypersensitive rats treated with x-irradiation showed decreased hypersensitive inflammation though they responded normally to 48/80 and histamine. These studies failed to demonstrate a role for circulating antibody in the cutaneous hypersensitive inflammation produced in the rat by pertussis vaccine. Furthermore, the findings indicated that the cutaneous hypersensitive inflammation is not mediated by tissue serotonin and/or histamine.
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PMID:Severe active cutaneous hypersensitivity in the rat produced by Hemophilus pertussis vaccine. 1443 21

Premature infants have an increased risk of experiencing infectious diseases, some of which are vaccine preventable diseases. Maturation of immune responses begins with exposition to environmental antigens and in premature infants as fast as in term-infants. Premature infants must be vaccinated at 2 months of age, whatever the gestational age. Acellular Pertussis vaccine and pneumococcal conjugate vaccine must be given as early as possible, at two months of age. Immunization schedule in premature infants is the same as in full-term infants : three injections one month apart with a pentavalent vaccine : Diphteria, Tetanus, Poliomyelitis, Pertussis and Haemophilus type b. First injection of hepatitis B vaccine must not be taken in account when this vaccine is given at birth to infants under 2 kg birth weight. Premature infants 6 months of age or older and experiencing chronic lung disease have to be vaccinated against influenza. In all cases, surroundings have to be vaccinated. Apnea and/or bradycardia have been reported within the 48 hours following vaccination in premature infants before 32 weeks of gestational age and justify giving their first injection of vaccine under cardiorespiratory monitoring. These injections will be given before discharge as often as possible.
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PMID:[Immunization of the preterm infant]. 1793 54